Activity displayed by the tested compounds towards different fouling organisms.

<p>Data represent the IC₅₀ (μM) of three replicates. For <i>G</i>. <i>oxysperma</i>, the value indicated is the MIC.</p><p>Activity displayed by the tested compounds towards different fouling organisms.</p

Bioluminescence (solid lines) and growth curves (dotted lines) for compounds 3–5 and 7 in <i>V</i>. <i>harveyi</i>.

<p>Compound <b>3</b> (A-D); compound <b>4</b> (E-H); compound <b>5</b> (I-L); compound <b>7</b> (M-P). Serial two-fold dilutions of the compounds from 500 to 7.8 μM were tested.</p

Growth curves of <i>C</i>. <i>violaceum</i> CVO26 in the presence of compounds 3 (A), 4 (B), 5 (C) and 7 (D).

<p>Serial two-fold dilutions of the compounds from 500 to 7.8 μM were tested. A detailed version of this Fig is provided (<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0123652#pone.0123652.s002" target="_blank">S2 Fig</a>).</p

Schematic representation of the biofouling process.

<p>Schematic representation of the biofouling process.</p

Dose-response curves for compounds 3–5 and 7 on <i>C. violaceum</i> CVO26 growth (A) and violacein synthesis (B).

<p>Data represent the mean ± SD (N = 3).</p

Correlation between the activity and the cLogP of the compounds evaluated in this study.

<p>Data correspond to three representative organisms: <i>Vibrio alginolyticus</i> (blue squares), <i>Fusarium</i> sp. (red triangles) and <i>Phaeodactylum tricornutum</i> (green circles). Dotted lines show the cLogP of each compound, whose ID. number is indicated above. Missing symbols indicate lack of activity.</p

Lineweaver-Burk plots for tyrosinase inhibition in the presence of compound 16.

<p>Data represent the mean ± SD (N = 3).</p

Half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (μM) for the tested compounds on the growth and violacein production of <i>C</i>. <i>violaceum</i> CVO26.

<p>The index on the right column is calculated as the ratio between the IC₅₀ value for growth inhibition (GI) and that for violacein (VI).</p><p>Half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (μM) for the tested compounds on the growth and violacein production of <i>C</i>. <i>violaceum</i> CVO26.</p

Dose-response curves for compunds 3 and 16 in mussel (<i>Mytilus galloprovincialis</i>) foot retraction assays.

<p>Dose-response curves for compunds 3 and 16 in mussel (<i>Mytilus galloprovincialis</i>) foot retraction assays.</p

Summary of this study.

<p>The different colors highlight the main bioactivities and the structure-activity relationships of the tested triphenylphosphonium salts.</p