2,601 research outputs found
Evaluation of the advance/anticipatory care planning (ACP) facilitators training programme
This report presents an overview of the findings of the three phases of the study and assesses the degree to which the Facilitator Training Programme and Resource Pack have prepared the cohort of facilitators with the knowledge, skills and tools to deliver training initiatives in ACP to address local and regional needs
Implicit Racial Bias in Healthcare: A Concept Analysis and Call to Action
For students pursuing a nursing degree, exposure to implicit bias during their educational program is as concerning as the lack of training to acknowledge and conquer the development of implicit bias. Both facets can root negative attitudes and behaviors in the student nurse that will be carried into their practice throughout the healthcare system. It is a professional obligation for the registered nurse to be aware of implicit bias and understand its strong connection to increased risk of mortality, health complications, and other adverse health outcomes, especially in racial minority patient populations (Maina et al., 2018). This thesis contains a concept analysis of implicit racial bias, using the method described by Walker and Avant (2005). The definition of implicit racial bias, including its attributes and characteristics will be examined. Example cases are provided to further clarify the concept and a comprehensive review of the Implicit Associate Test [IAT] (Moon, 2011) is explored as a means for providing an operational definition and empirical referent. Understanding how implicit racial bias negatively affects interactions across the healthcare continuum is emphasized, with a concluding recommendation for nursing education to take necessary steps in the effort to prevent implicit racial bias attitudes and behaviors in the nursing profession
Near-Infrared Integral Field Spectroscopy of Damped Lyman-alpha Systems
We assess the feasibility of detecting star formation in damped Lyman-alpha
systems (DLAs) at z>1 through near-infrared spectroscopy using the forthcoming
integral field units on 8m-class telescopes. Although their relation to
galaxies is not well established, high-z DLAs contain most of the neutral gas
in the Universe, and this reservoir is depleted with time - presumably through
star formation. Line emission should be an indicator of star formation
activity, but searches based on Lyman-alpha are unreliable because of the
selective extinction of this resonant UV line. Using more robust lines such as
H-alpha forces a move to the near-infrared at z>1. For line emission searches,
spectroscopy is more sensitive than imaging, but previous long-slit
spectroscopic searches have been hampered by the likelihood that any star
forming region in the DLA galaxy disk would fall outside the narrow slit. The
new integral field units such as CIRPASS on Gemini will cover sufficient solid
angles to intercept these, even in the extreme case of large galactic disks at
high redshift. On an 8m-class telescope, star formation rates of <1M_sun/yr
will be reached at z~1.4 with H-alpha in the H-band. Such star formation rates
are well below L* for the high-z Lyman-break population, and are comparable
locally to the luminous giant HII complexes in M101. It appears that
instruments such as CIRPASS on Gemini will have both the sensitivity and the
survey area to measure star formation rates in z>1 DLAs. These observations
will probe the nature of damped Lyman-alpha systems and address their relation
to galaxies.Comment: To appear in the proceedings of the ESO/ECF workshop on "Deep
Fields", 9-12 October 2000, Garching. 4 page
What shapes the far-infrared spectral energy distributions of galaxies?
To explore the connection between the global physical properties of galaxies
and their far-infrared (FIR) spectral energy distributions (SEDs), we study the
variation in the FIR SEDs of a set of hydrodynamically simulated galaxies that
are generated by performing dust radiative transfer in post-processing. Our
sample includes both isolated and merging systems at various stages of the
merging process and covers infrared (IR) luminosities and dust masses that are
representative of both low- and high-redshift galaxies. We study the FIR SEDs
using principle component analysis (PCA) and find that 97\% of the variance in
the sample can be explained by two principle components (PCs). The first PC
characterizes the wavelength of the peak of the FIR SED, and the second encodes
the breadth of the SED. We find that the coefficients of both PCs can be
predicted well using a double power law in terms of the IR luminosity and dust
mass, which suggests that these two physical properties are the primary
determinants of galaxies' FIR SED shapes. Incorporating galaxy sizes does not
significantly improve our ability to predict the FIR SEDs. Our results suggest
that the observed redshift evolution in the effective dust temperature at fixed
IR luminosity is not driven by geometry: the SEDs of ultraluminous
IR galaxies (ULIRGs) are cooler than those of local ULIRGs not because the
high-redshift galaxies are more extended but rather because they have higher
dust masses at fixed IR luminosity. Finally, based on our simulations, we
introduce a two-parameter set of SED templates that depend on both IR
luminosity and dust mass.Comment: Submitted to ApJ, comments welcom
Constraints on Galaxy Formation from Stars in the Far Outer Disk of M31
Numerical simulations of galaxy formation within the cold dark matter (CDM)
hierarchical clustering framework are unable to produce large disk galaxies
without invoking some form of feedback to suppress gas cooling and collapse to
a redshift of unity or below. An important observational consequence of
delaying the epoch of disk formation until relatively recent times is that the
stellar populations in the extended disk should of be predominantly
young-to-intermediate age. We use a deep HST/WFPC2 archival pointing to
investigate the mean age and metallicity of the stellar population in a
disk-dominated field at 30 kpc along the major axis of M31. Our analysis of the
color-magnitude-diagram reveals the dominant population to have significant
mean age (>~8 Gyr) and a moderately-high mean metallicity ([Fe/H]~-0.7);
tentative evidence is also presented for a trace population of ancient (>10
Gyr) metal-poor stars. These characteristics are unexpected in CDM models and
we discuss the possible implications of this result, as well as alternative
interpretations.Comment: Accepted to ApJ Letters, 4 pages, uses emulateapj5.sty. Minor
revisions/additions to previously posted versio
Urban Garden Survival
Urban gardens are community led plots designated for agricultural purposes in residential and urban areas. Greenville County has seen a recent growth in urban gardens with the assistance of non-profit groups like Gardening for Good. The current total in Greenville County stands at 79 with new gardens added every year. While the growth is encouraging, some gardens have failed. This study uses GIS to explore the social and ecological factors that correlate with urban garden survival in an effort to provide garden managers with information that will help them develop gardens that thrive and persist
Steadily Increasing Star Formation Rates in Galaxies Observed at 3 <~ z <~ 5 in the CANDELS/GOODS-S Field
We investigate the star formation histories (SFHs) of high redshift (3 <~ z
<~ 5) star-forming galaxies selected based on their rest-frame ultraviolet (UV)
colors in the CANDELS/GOODS-S field. By comparing the results from the
spectral-energy-distribution-fitting analysis with two different assumptions
about the SFHs --- i.e., exponentially declining SFHs as well as increasing
ones, we conclude that the SFHs of high-redshift star-forming galaxies increase
with time rather than exponentially decline. We also examine the correlations
between the star formation rates (SFRs) and the stellar masses. When the
galaxies are fit with rising SFRs, we find that the trend seen in the data
qualitatively matches the expectations from a semi-analytic model of galaxy
formation. The mean specific SFR is shown to increase with redshift, also in
agreement with the theoretical prediction. From the derived tight correlation
between stellar masses and SFRs, we derive the mean SFH of star-forming
galaxies in the redshift range of 3 <~ z <~ 5, which shows a steep power-law
(with power alpha = 5.85) increase with time. We also investigate the formation
timescales and the mean stellar population ages of these star-forming galaxies.
Our analysis reveals that UV-selected star-forming galaxies have a broad range
of the formation redshift. The derived stellar masses and the stellar
population ages show positive correlation in a sense that more massive galaxies
are on average older, but with significant scatter. This large scatter implies
that the galaxies' mass is not the only factor which affects the growth or star
formation of high-redshift galaxies.Comment: 31 pages, 8 figures, 2 table
An analysis of the features of successful written submissions to government inquiries
Objective: Government inquiries present a policy window for advocates to influence policy. Evidence on how to write influential submissions, however, is sparse. We aimed to identify features of successful written submissions to the Parliament of Australia's Inquiry into Food Pricing and Food Security in Remote Indigenous Communities (Inquiry). Method: A scoping review was conducted to identify influential features of written submissions to government inquiries. A content analysis of a sub-sample of government Inquiry submissions and their recommendations was then coded for influential features. The frequency of submission recommendations incorporated into the final Inquiry report was recorded, as was their link to influential features. Results: Thirty features were identified. Results from 21 submissions indicate that when writing a submission to a government inquiry, advocates should: (1) ensure their submission is clear and concise; (2) convey the authority of both the writer and supporting evidence; and (3) where possible, align submission recommendations with the government agenda. Conclusions: We encourage future research to test the framework of influential features on other inquiry topics and in other countries to increase the reliability of results. Implications for Public Health: This study consolidates and presents a list of features that advocates can consider incorporating when writing a submission to a government inquiry.</p
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