Effect of alveolar ridge preservation with PDFDBA on orthodontic tooth movement rate, formation of gingival invagination and root resorption: A randomized, controlled pilot study

Tooth extraction results in resorptive remodeling of the alveolar bone, but alveolar ridge preservation procedure maintains the original shape of the extraction socket. This may be beneficial for space closure by orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). In the current pilot study for randomized controlled clinical trial the effect of alveolar ridge preservation with partial demineralized freezedried bone allograft (PDFDBA) on OTM rate, formation of gingival invagination and root resorption was evaluated. Both mandibular first premolars of 6 patients were extracted due to orthodontic treatment. In a split-mouth study design, alveolar ridge preservation was performed on one side, while the other side served as a control and the extraction socket healed naturally. After 6 weeks of healing period, the canines were moved to the extraction site to close the extraction space. Eight weeks later, the amount of OTM was measured. After space closure, the extraction sites were examined for the presence of gingival invagination. Root resorption was evaluated on digital panoramic radiographs. Photographs were taken for documentation. There was no significant difference in OTM rate between the ridge preserved areas and naturally healed sockets. Gingival invagination formed in 5 of 6 naturally healed sockets; none of the ridge preserved areas showed formation of gingival invagination. No root resorption was observed in any of the teeth adjacent to the extraction sites. Alveolar ridge preservation with PDFDBA has no effect on the rate of OTM and root resorption but prevents formation of gingival invagination during orthodontic space closure

Epidemiological study of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Aran and Bidgol from April to September 2009

Background: Leishmaniasis caused by leishmania protozoa can be considered as a zoonotic disease. This disease caused major health problems in some parts of Iran. Aran and Bidgol city (Isfahan province, Iran) is considered as one of the endemic foci of cutaneous leishmaniasis (Salak). For success in controlling the disease and to provide the necessary training for high-risk groups, the epidemiological data of disease in the region is required.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 94 patients admitted to the health center of Aran and Bidgol from April to September 2009. The demographic and epidemiologic data were collected and analyzed. Results: Thirty percent (30.8) of patients were in the age group of 1-9 years. The number of patients in urban areas was more than that of rural areas and in men more than women. Most of these cases were seen in Aran and Bidgol city (52.1) and then in Abuzeydabad city (22.3), respectively. Moreover, most cases of disease were found in July (37.2) and 54.3 and 45.7 of cases were dry and wet cutaneous sores, respectively.Conclusion: It seems that the high incidence of disease in age group of 1-9 years is due to the susceptibility of this age group to leishmaniasis. Therefore, regulating the control training programs in this group is suggested