TEMPO/Phenazine Combi-Molecule: A Redox-Active Material for Symmetric Aqueous Redox-Flow Batteries

The combination of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl-<i>N</i>-oxyl and phenazine yields an organic redox-active material for redox-flow battery applications. This combined molecule (combi-molecule) features a redox voltage of 1.2 V and facilitates the utilization of aqueous electrolytes. It was synthesized from cost-efficient starting materials, electrochemically characterized and applied as charge-storage material in a symmetric aqueous redox-flow battery