High-sensitivity graphene MEMS force and acceleration sensor based on graphene-induced non-radiative transition

The micro-electromechanical-system (MEMS) force and acceleration sensor utilizing the graphene-induced non-radiative transition was investigated. The graphene-induced non-radiative transition is very sensitive to the distance, and the deflection of the graphene ribbon is highly susceptive to applied force or acceleration. Thus, a high-sensitivity MEMS sensor can be achieved with detecting the graphene ribbon's deflection of 1 nm, the force of 0.1 pN, and the acceleration of 0.1 mg. The MEMS sensor, with a size of only tens of microns, can be charged by light irradiation without connecting power sources. In addition, it allows long-distance detection, i.e., wireless transmitter circuit can be omitted. Therefore, it will have significant application prospects in the fields of micro-smart devices, wearable devices, biomedical systems, and so on.Comment: 21 pages, 4 figure

Mercury Exchange at the Air-Water-Soil Interface: An Overview of Methods

An attempt is made to assess the present knowledge about the methods of determining mercury (Hg) exchange at the air-water-soil interface during the past 20 years. Methods determining processes of wet and dry removal/deposition of atmospheric Hg to aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, as well as methods determining Hg emission fluxes to the atmosphere from natural surfaces (soil and water) are discussed. On the basis of the impressive advances that have been made in the areas relating to Hg exchange among air-soil-water interfaces, we analyzed existing problems and shortcomings in our current knowledge. In addition, some important fields worth further research are discussed and proposed

Extensions to RSVP-TE for Label Switched Path (LSP) Egress Protection

This document describes extensions to Resource Reservation Protocol - Traffic Engineering (RSVP-TE) for locally protecting the egress node(s) of a Point-to-Point (P2P) or Point-to-Multipoint (P2MP) Traffic Engineered (TE) Label Switched Path (LSP)

Novel Low-Loss Fiber-Chip Edge Coupler for Coupling Standard Single Mode Fibers to Silicon Photonic Wire Waveguides

Fiber-to-chip optical interconnects is a big challenge in silicon photonics application scenarios such as data centers and optical transmission systems. An edge coupler, compared to optical grating, is appealing to in the application of silicon photonics due to the high coupling efficiency between standard optical fibers (SMF-28) and the sub-micron silicon wire waveguides. In this work, we proposed a novel fiber–chip edge coupler approach with a large mode size for silicon photonic wire waveguides. The edge coupler consists of a multiple structure which was fulfilled by multiple silicon nitride layers embedded in SiO2 upper cladding, curved waveguides and two adiabatic spot size converter (SSC) sections. The multiple structure can allow light directly coupling from large mode size fiber-to-chip coupler, and then the curved waveguides and SSCs transmit the evanescent field to a 220 nm-thick silicon wire waveguide based on the silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform. The edge coupler, designed for a standard SMF-28 fiber with 8.2 μm mode field diameter (MFD) at a wavelength of 1550 nm, exhibits a mode overlap efficiency exceeding 95% at the chip facet and the overall coupling exceeding 90%. The proposed edge coupler is fully compatible with standard microfabrication processes

Six-Degree-of-Freedom Posture Measurement Technologies Using Position Sensitive Detectors (PSDs): State of the Art

Six degree-of-freedom (6-DOF) posture measurement is an important academic research topic which has been broadly applied in many fields. As a high-speed photoelectronic sensor with ultra-high resolution and precision, position sensitive detector (PSD) has shown to be one of the most competitive candidates in 6-DOF measurement. This review presents the research progress of PSD-based 6-DOF posture measurement systems in the field of large-scale equipment assembly, ultra-precision manufacturing and other emerging areas. A total of six methods for implementing 6-DOF measurement are summarized and their advantages and limitations are discussed. Meanwhile, the paper illustrates challenges, potential solutions and future development trends

Investigation on Segregation Granulation by Fuel and Flux in Coating

The metallurgical property of sinter is an important factor affecting the smooth operation of blast furnaces (BF), because it has a great impact on the permeability of BF and solid fuel rate. In order to promote the combustion of solid fuel and the mineralization of flux in sintering process, and eventually improve the strength of sintered ore, a series of investigation on segregation granulation by fuel and flux in coating were carried out, including the sinter pot experiments, the morphology analysis, and the discussion combine with phase diagram. The experimental results show that, (1) as the CaO increased from 0% to 40% and coke breeze increased from 0% to 100%, the sintering indices were improved, the tumble strength of sinter increased from 65.8% to 68.4%, the rate of qualified products increased from 77.4% to 81.0%, and the micro-strength of sinter increased from 68.7% to 75.9%. (2) There are three reasons for the high strength of sinter by segregation granulation of fuel and flux in coating, (a) the complete combustion of solid fuel and release the heat, (b) the effective absorb heat and mineralization of flux, and (c) the improvement of fluidity of bonding phase. The outcomes of the present work may provide a new method to improve the strength of sintered ore and give some reference for better understanding segregation granulation process and using it in actual operation

Investigation on Segregation Granulation by Fuel and Flux in Coating

The metallurgical property of sinter is an important factor affecting the smooth operation of blast furnaces (BF), because it has a great impact on the permeability of BF and solid fuel rate. In order to promote the combustion of solid fuel and the mineralization of flux in sintering process, and eventually improve the strength of sintered ore, a series of investigation on segregation granulation by fuel and flux in coating were carried out, including the sinter pot experiments, the morphology analysis, and the discussion combine with phase diagram. The experimental results show that, (1) as the CaO increased from 0% to 40% and coke breeze increased from 0% to 100%, the sintering indices were improved, the tumble strength of sinter increased from 65.8% to 68.4%, the rate of qualified products increased from 77.4% to 81.0%, and the micro-strength of sinter increased from 68.7% to 75.9%. (2) There are three reasons for the high strength of sinter by segregation granulation of fuel and flux in coating, (a) the complete combustion of solid fuel and release the heat, (b) the effective absorb heat and mineralization of flux, and (c) the improvement of fluidity of bonding phase. The outcomes of the present work may provide a new method to improve the strength of sintered ore and give some reference for better understanding segregation granulation process and using it in actual operation

The design and implementation of a high speed parallel optical receiver module based on passive coupling

An advanced structure of passive optical coupling for the application of optical interconnect with the high coupling efficiency and the high alignment precision was proposed, and a12-channel high-speed parallel optical receiver module based on this advanced coupling technique was designed and fabricated using an850nm GaAs photoelectric detector(PD) array and a fiber array. The error amount of coupling was less than1μm and the coupling efficiency was more than80 percent. The optical signals was directly coupled into PD array through a fiber array. We got a wide open eye diagram with data rate of3.318 Gbit/s for each channel and the total data rate of40 Gbit/s from the receiver module. Compared with active optical coupling, the passive optical coupling simplified the coupling process and enhanced the work efficiency. It's suited for large-scale production

Design, Manufacture and Assembly of 3D Integrated Optical Transceiver Module Based on an Active Photonic Interposer

The new generation of data centers is further evolving towards the direction of high speed and intelligence, which puts forward a great demand for the iteration of optical interconnection technology. Three-dimensional integration based on active photonic interposers can achieve the advantages of high integration, high bandwidth and low power consumption, which has become the main direction for next generation optical module technology. The fabrication and assembly of 3D optical modules based on active interposer-integrated edge couplers and TSV are realized in this paper. Different active interposer processes with integrated edge couplers and RDL-TSV-RDL structures are discussed, manufactured, analyzed and evaluated. The problem of the co-fabrication of the TSV and edge coupler was solved, and perfect electrical and optical characteristics were also achieved. Finally, the fabrication of the substrate and the assembly of the 3D optical module were completed. This paper lays a solid foundation for the further research and large-scale application of 3D optical modules in the future