Encroachment order and spatial patterns of broad-leaf tree species in the naturalization of a Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation

Authors of the article state that the aim of this study was to understand the encroachment order, spatial patterns, interspecific associations, and species diversity of a Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation and to provide context for how to improve the spatial structure of C. lanceolata plantations. Their results show that the encroachment of broad-leaf trees into the C. lanceolata plantation followed a clear successional sequence of tree community assembly: intolerant tree species encroachment first, such as Alniphyllum fortunei and Liquidambar formosana, encroached; neutral tree species then encroachment, such as Daphniphyllum oldhamii and Schima superba, and shade-tolerant tree species encroachment last, such as Castanopsis eyrei and Castanopsis tibetana

Research on Real-world Multidimensional Stroke Ontology and Its Reasoning for Construction of the Evolution Model

The research planed to gather and standard the real world stroke clinical data from clinica to construct a stroke ontology corpus, through refactoring and sharing of data, established a multi-dimensional stroke ontology. And based on stroke diagnosis and treatment process, it integrated the evolution of reasoning mechanism research into the basic tier of theory, designed and implemented a multidimensional ontology the prototype experiment system which has building, reasoning, learning and evolution mechanism. The research results are expected to provide a shared system of concept of stroke to clinical diagnosis and treatment decisions, provide diagnosis and treatment strategy to optimize and design the stroke diagnosis and treatment plan, enhance the accuracy, objectivity and pertinency of diagnosis and treatment level, so as to provide the support of technical method for translating the application and development of medicine, which help to promote scientific, informatization, modernization of traditional Chinese medicine research.Peer reviewe

Stand Characteristics Rather than Soil Properties Contribute More to the Expansion of Moso Bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) into Its Neighboring Forests in Subtropical Region

Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis), once highly praised worldwide, has been found to be a problematic species due to its unconstrained expansion into adjacent woodlands and negative effects on the function services of forest ecosystems. To determine the major factors affecting bamboo expansion into neighbor woodlands, we investigated the expansion characteristics of moso bamboo and the properties of stand structure and soil for 58 bamboo–woodland interfaces (BWIs) across Jiangxi province in China. Then, we analyzed the relationships between the variables of bamboo expansion and the properties of interfaces through a redundancy analysis. The characteristics (the expansion distance and the number and size of new culms) of moso bamboo expansion into disturbed forests were more significant (p < 0.01) than those into non-disturbed forests. The bamboo expansion into deciduous broad-leaved forest was much faster (1.33 m/yr) than evergreen broad-leaved forest (0.82 m/yr) and needle-leaved forest (1.08 m/yr). The characteristics of stand structure had more direct explanatory power (58.8%) than soil properties (4.3%) and their interaction (10.0%) for the variations in bamboo expansion. The canopy closure of recipient forests was identified as the most significant factor negatively correlated to bamboo expansion. The number of parent culms and the ratio of deciduous to evergreen trees ranked in sequence, and both imposed positive effects on the expansion. Regarding soil properties, only the water content was identified for its explanatory power and negative influence on bamboo expansion. Our findings illustrated that the expansion of moso bamboo showed remarkable variations when facing different woodlands. Stand characteristics (canopy closure, canopy height, etc.) of good explanatory power were the major variables affecting the expansion of moso bamboo. In order to control the expansion of bamboo and protect woodlands, disturbances (extracting timber, girdling trunks) should be prevented in bamboo–woodland interfaces

Stand Characteristics Rather than Soil Properties Contribute More to the Expansion of Moso Bamboo (<i>Phyllostachys edulis</i>) into Its Neighboring Forests in Subtropical Region

Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis), once highly praised worldwide, has been found to be a problematic species due to its unconstrained expansion into adjacent woodlands and negative effects on the function services of forest ecosystems. To determine the major factors affecting bamboo expansion into neighbor woodlands, we investigated the expansion characteristics of moso bamboo and the properties of stand structure and soil for 58 bamboo–woodland interfaces (BWIs) across Jiangxi province in China. Then, we analyzed the relationships between the variables of bamboo expansion and the properties of interfaces through a redundancy analysis. The characteristics (the expansion distance and the number and size of new culms) of moso bamboo expansion into disturbed forests were more significant (p < 0.01) than those into non-disturbed forests. The bamboo expansion into deciduous broad-leaved forest was much faster (1.33 m/yr) than evergreen broad-leaved forest (0.82 m/yr) and needle-leaved forest (1.08 m/yr). The characteristics of stand structure had more direct explanatory power (58.8%) than soil properties (4.3%) and their interaction (10.0%) for the variations in bamboo expansion. The canopy closure of recipient forests was identified as the most significant factor negatively correlated to bamboo expansion. The number of parent culms and the ratio of deciduous to evergreen trees ranked in sequence, and both imposed positive effects on the expansion. Regarding soil properties, only the water content was identified for its explanatory power and negative influence on bamboo expansion. Our findings illustrated that the expansion of moso bamboo showed remarkable variations when facing different woodlands. Stand characteristics (canopy closure, canopy height, etc.) of good explanatory power were the major variables affecting the expansion of moso bamboo. In order to control the expansion of bamboo and protect woodlands, disturbances (extracting timber, girdling trunks) should be prevented in bamboo–woodland interfaces

Additional file 1 of Silicon supply promotes differences in growth and C:N:P stoichiometry between bamboo and tree saplings

Additional file 1: Table S1. The concentrations of Si, C, N, and P in different tissues of P. pubescens, P. bournei, S. superba, and C. lanceolata under three Si supply levels (n = 8)

Additional file 2 of Silicon supply promotes differences in growth and C:N:P stoichiometry between bamboo and tree saplings

Additional file 2: Figure S1. Conceptual diagram of the pot experiment, including three levels of Si supply: 0 (control), 0.2 g, and 0.4 g Si addition per pot. Figure S2. The concentration of nitrogen (N, g kg−1), carbon (C, g kg−1), soluble silicon (SiSOL, g kg−1), and amorphous silicon (SiAMOR, g kg−1) in soils under three levels of silicon supply. Error bars depict means with standard errors (n = 8). Different letters above bars reflect significant differences among groups (P < 0.05)