Somatic mutations in FAT cadherin family members constitute an underrecognized subtype of colorectal adenocarcinoma with unique clinicopathologic features

BACKGROUND: The FAT cadherin family members (FAT1, FAT2, FAT3 and FAT4) are conserved tumor suppressors that are recurrently mutated in several types of human cancers, including colorectal carcinoma (CRC). AIM: To characterize the clinicopathologic features of CRC patients with somatic mutations in FAT cadherin family members. METHODS: We analyzed 526 CRC cases from The Cancer Genome Atlas PanCancer Atlas dataset. CRC samples were subclassified into 2 groups based on the presence or absence of somatic mutations in RESULTS: This CRC study cohort had frequent mutations in the CONCLUSION

Poly[diethyl­enetriammonium [aquadi-μ2-sulfato-sulfatocerium(III)]]

A new organically templated open-framework cerium sulfate, {(C4H16N3)[Ce(SO4)3(H2O)]}n, was hydro­thermally synthesized. The CeIII cation is nine-coordinated by nine O atoms, including one water mol­ecule. Two of the SO4 groups afford one monodentate and bidentate linkages as the bridge to connect adjacent CeIII cations, while the third SO4 group attaches the CeIII cation in a bidentate mode. The crystal structure consists of layers composed of eight-membered-ring networks formed by four CeO9 polyhedra and four SO4 tetra­hedra. The triply protonated diethyl­enetriamine cations are located between adjacent layers and connect the layers via hydrogen bonds

Sesquiterpenes from the marine red alga Laurencia composita.

Four new chamigrane derivatives, laurecomin A (1). laurecomin B (2), laurecomin C (3), and laurecomin D (4), one new naturally occurring sesquiterpene, 2,10-dibromo-3-chloro-7-chamigren-9-ol acetate (5), and three known halogenated structures, deoxyprepacifenol (6), 1-bromoselin-4(14),11-diene (7), and 9-bromoselin-4(14).11-diene (8), were isolated from the marine red alga Laurencia cornposita collected from Pingtan Island, China. The structures of these compounds were unambiguously established by 1D, 2D NMR and mass spectroscopic techniques. The bioassay results showed that 2 was active against both brine shrimp and fungus Colletotrichum lagenarium. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Four new chamigrane derivatives, laurecomin A (1). laurecomin B (2), laurecomin C (3), and laurecomin D (4), one new naturally occurring sesquiterpene, 2,10-dibromo-3-chloro-7-chamigren-9-ol acetate (5), and three known halogenated structures, deoxyprepacifenol (6), 1-bromoselin-4(14),11-diene (7), and 9-bromoselin-4(14).11-diene (8), were isolated from the marine red alga Laurencia cornposita collected from Pingtan Island, China. The structures of these compounds were unambiguously established by 1D, 2D NMR and mass spectroscopic techniques. The bioassay results showed that 2 was active against both brine shrimp and fungus Colletotrichum lagenarium. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

MiR-145 inhibits proliferation of primary colon adenocarcinoma cells via induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and inhibition of cell migration

Purpose: To investigate the role and potential of miR-145 as a therapeutic target for the treatment of primary colon adenocarcinoma in cell linesMethods: The expression of miR145 was determined by quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), while cell viability was determined by MTT assay. Apoptosis was assessed by 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB), and annexin V/PI doublestaining. Cell cycle analysis was performed by flow cytometry, while immunoblotting was used to determine protein expression.Results: The expression of miR-145 was significantly enhanced in all the colon adenocarcinoma cell lines investigated. On the other hand, suppression of miR-145 expression led to significant decrease in cell viability, activation of apoptosis, G2/M cell cycle arrest, and inhibition of migration of colon adenocarcinoma cells.Conclusion: These results indicate that miR-145 regulates the proliferation and metastasis of colon adenocarcinoma cells. Thus, it may be a prospective drug target for the treatment of this disease.Keywords: MicroRNA, Apoptosis, Cell migration, Proliferatio

An analytic derivation of the empirical correlations of gamma-ray bursts

Empirical correlations between various key parameters have been extensively explored ever since the discovery of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and have been widely used as standard candles to probe the Universe. The Amati relation and the Yonetoku relation are two good examples, which have been paid special attention to. The former reflects the connection between the peak photon energy (Ep) and the isotropic $\gamma$-ray energy release (Eiso), while the latter links Ep with the isotropic peak luminosity (Lp), both in the form of a power law function. Most GRBs are found to well follow these correlations, but a theoretical interpretation is still lacking. Meanwhile, there are also some obvious outliers, which may be off-axis GRBs and may follow different correlations as compared with the on-axis ones. Here we present a simple analytical derivation for the Amati relation and the Yonetoku relation in the framework of the standard fireball model, the correctness of which are then confirmed by numerical simulations. The off-axis Amati relation and Yonetoku relation are also derived, which differ from the corresponding on-axis relation markedly. Our results reveal the intrinsic physics lying behind the radiation processes of GRBs, and highlight the importance of viewing angle in the empirical correlations of GRBs.Comment: 20 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables. Submitted to A&