Image_2_Worldwide productivity and research trend on fruit quality: a bibliometric study.jpeg

IntroductionAs one of the important sources of food for human beings, fruits have been extensively studied. To better guide basic and applied research, it is urgent to conduct a systematic analysis of these studies based on extensive literature collection.MethodsBased on the Web of Science Core Collection database, this study uses R language and CiteSpace to conduct bibliometric analysis and data mining on the literatures related to fruit quality from January 2013 to June 2023.ResultsThe results indicated that among various fruits, tomatoes have been most frequently studied with special interests in photosynthesis, fruit development, and molecular breeding. The research direction primarily focused on fruit resistance and storage characteristics. Among the indicators related to fruit quality, antioxidant activity has the highest co-occurrence with other indicators of fruit quality, especially with nutrients such as anthocyanins, phenolic substances, sugars, and fruit firmness.DiscussionCurrently, adaptation to stress and antioxidant activity are recognized as prominent research focal points in this field. Fruit morphology, particularly fruit size, irrigation methods, application of molecular technology, and infection prevention, represent potential areas of interests in future research on fruit quality.</p

Table_1_Worldwide productivity and research trend on fruit quality: a bibliometric study.docx

IntroductionAs one of the important sources of food for human beings, fruits have been extensively studied. To better guide basic and applied research, it is urgent to conduct a systematic analysis of these studies based on extensive literature collection.MethodsBased on the Web of Science Core Collection database, this study uses R language and CiteSpace to conduct bibliometric analysis and data mining on the literatures related to fruit quality from January 2013 to June 2023.ResultsThe results indicated that among various fruits, tomatoes have been most frequently studied with special interests in photosynthesis, fruit development, and molecular breeding. The research direction primarily focused on fruit resistance and storage characteristics. Among the indicators related to fruit quality, antioxidant activity has the highest co-occurrence with other indicators of fruit quality, especially with nutrients such as anthocyanins, phenolic substances, sugars, and fruit firmness.DiscussionCurrently, adaptation to stress and antioxidant activity are recognized as prominent research focal points in this field. Fruit morphology, particularly fruit size, irrigation methods, application of molecular technology, and infection prevention, represent potential areas of interests in future research on fruit quality.</p

Image_1_Worldwide productivity and research trend on fruit quality: a bibliometric study.jpeg

IntroductionAs one of the important sources of food for human beings, fruits have been extensively studied. To better guide basic and applied research, it is urgent to conduct a systematic analysis of these studies based on extensive literature collection.MethodsBased on the Web of Science Core Collection database, this study uses R language and CiteSpace to conduct bibliometric analysis and data mining on the literatures related to fruit quality from January 2013 to June 2023.ResultsThe results indicated that among various fruits, tomatoes have been most frequently studied with special interests in photosynthesis, fruit development, and molecular breeding. The research direction primarily focused on fruit resistance and storage characteristics. Among the indicators related to fruit quality, antioxidant activity has the highest co-occurrence with other indicators of fruit quality, especially with nutrients such as anthocyanins, phenolic substances, sugars, and fruit firmness.DiscussionCurrently, adaptation to stress and antioxidant activity are recognized as prominent research focal points in this field. Fruit morphology, particularly fruit size, irrigation methods, application of molecular technology, and infection prevention, represent potential areas of interests in future research on fruit quality.</p

Cell cytotoxicity assay.

<p>The cell viability was measured by using the CCK-8 assay after 24 h transfection of pCMV-Luc with with complex of DNA/Plain MBs, complex of DNA/5% PEI600 MBs by premix DNA and MB for 15minutes, and with 5% PEI600 MB and DNA without premixing and added respectively, with or without ultrasound exposure.</p

The bright field and fluorescence images of FITC-labelled Stearic-PEI600 cationic MBs.

<p>(A) Bright field image and (B) fluorescent image of MBs containing 5% Stearic-PEI600. Scale bars: 10 µm.</p

Concentration and size distribution of fresh prepared and washed MBs.

<p>(A) Concentrations of freshly prepared and washed MBs with various amounts of Stearic-PEI600. (B) Size distribution of freshly prepared MBs with various amounts of Stearic-PEI600. (C) Size distribution of 10 mM NaCl washed MBs with various amounts of Stearic-PEI600. (D) Mean and median size of fresh prepared and 10 mM NaCl washed versus the Stearic-PEI600 fraction. The “freshly prepared” MBs were taken straight from the vial within 1 h of formation. The “washed” MBs were obtained by three cycles of flotation-centrifugation with infranatant exchange to remove the submicrometer bubbles.</p

Binding of plasmid DNA onto PEI600 MBs.

<p>(A) The bright field image and (B) the corresponding fluorescent image of plasmid DNA loaded MBs. (C) Agarose gel electrophoresis of 0.36 µg plasmid DNA mixed with different number of MBs with 5% Stearic-PEI600.</p

Illustration of the PEI modification by stearic acid for preparing of cationic microbubbles (MBs) to load DNA.

<p>The stearic acid modified polyethylenimine 600 (Stearic-PEI) polymer was synthesized. The resulting Stearic-PEI, combined with DSPC and DSPE-PEG2k, was used to fabricate the cationic MBs. The PEI endows the cationic MBs with more amino groups to couple DNA than plain MBs.</p

¹H NMR spectrum of Stearic-PEI.

<p>(CDCl₃), δ (ppm) 0.86–0.89 (t, -CH₂CH₂(CH₂)₁₅C<b>H₃</b>), 1.25 (br, -CH₂CH₂(C<b>H₂</b>)₁₅CH₃), 1.62 (br, -CH₂C<b>H₂</b>(CH₂)₉CH₃), 2.18 (br, -C<b>H₂</b>CH₂(CH₂)₉CH₃), 2.39–3.3 (m, -CH₂C<b>H₂</b>NH-, -CH₂C<b>H₂</b>N-, -CH₂C<b>H₂</b>NHCO-, -C<b>H₂</b>CH₂NHCO-).</p

The zeta potential of PEI600 MBs.

<p>(A) Zeta potential of MBs dispersed in deionized water and 10 mM NaCl. (B) Zeta potential of MBs binding with and without DNA.</p