Thermogravimetric Research Into Fish and Plant Semifinished Products Made of Raw and Blanched Tissues of Azov Goby and Wheat Bran

According to results of thermogravimetric and differentia-thermal studies, we compared characteristics of the amount of adsorption– and capillary-bound moisture in the experimental samples of fish and plant semifinished products, as well as determined the values of activation energy of the molecules of water at different temperatures of moisture removal. By the results of analysis of the DTG peaks, it is established that the largest amount of osmotic– and adsorption-bound moisture is observed in samples made on the base of raw fish raw materials due to the higher degree of hydration of protein molecules in minces.It is found that the application of hydrothermal pre-treatment of muscle, connective and skeletal tissue complex of Azov goby leads to the reduction in the amount of adsorption-bound moisture and decreses the energy of its bond with the product. The use of wheat bran somewhat increases the amount of bound moisture in the fish mince structure as a result of increase in the number of available hydroxyl groups and the formation of macroporous structure, which causes the increase in its hydrofilicity. It is established experimentally that the influence of plant raw materials on the increase in activation energy of the molecules of water for the experimental fish and plant semifinished products is less significant than the use of native fish raw material.The obtained results allow better understanding of the structural changes that occur in the process of drying the fish and plant semifinished products. They might be applied to optimize the drying processs of fish and plant semifinished products and to predict their technological behavior in various food systems, as well as while storing

Determining the Rational Concentration of Dry Demineralized Whey in a Formulationfor Marzipan Pastes

Results obtained in the studies of rheological, surface and sensory characteristics of marzipan paste containing dry demineralized whey (DDW) are presented in this paper. Positive effect of DDW on sensory characteristics of model compositions of marzipan pastes was established. Component compatibility of DDW and almond nut has been confirmed. It has been established experimentally that DDW brings about changes in structural state of marzipan pastes by changing quantitative values of rheological and surface characteristics. It was established that an increase in DDW concentration entails growth of strain and plasticity indices and a decrease in elasticity and resilience indices of marzipan pastes which generally improves formability. As it was confirmed by the results from comprehensive studies, there is a possibility of partial replacement of import-dependent raw materials in composition of marzipan paste and, respectively, cut of cost of final product.Technological feasibility of using glycerin in compositions of DDW-containing marzipan pastes to improve their plasticity and compliance while maintaining high formability was substantiated. The rational content of glycerin in compositions of marzipan pastes was established which makes it possible to adjust surface properties within specified limits for pasty dressing semi-finished products from marzipan pastes.Lines of differentiated use of marzipan pastes with various weight fractions of DDW in confectionery production as dressing semi-finished products were offered: TICP marzipan paste with DDW mass fraction of 20 % for topping and spreading interlayers in wads and confectionery products. Corresponding figure of 30 % was recommended for making sweets and molding figured confectionary product