Gamma-Ray Burst observations by the high-energy charged particle detector on board the CSES-01 satellite between 2019 and 2021

In this paper we report the detection of five strong Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) by the High-Energy Particle Detector (HEPD-01) mounted on board the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES-01), operational since 2018 on a Sun-synchronous polar orbit at a $\sim$ 507 km altitude and 97$^\circ$ inclination. HEPD-01 was designed to detect high-energy electrons in the energy range 3 - 100 MeV, protons in the range 30 - 300 MeV, and light nuclei in the range 30 - 300 MeV/n. Nonetheless, Monte Carlo simulations have shown HEPD-01 is sensitive to gamma-ray photons in the energy range 300 keV - 50 MeV, even if with a moderate effective area above $\sim$ 5 MeV. A dedicated time correlation analysis between GRBs reported in literature and signals from a set of HEPD-01 trigger configuration masks has confirmed the anticipated detector sensitivity to high-energy photons. A comparison between the simultaneous time profiles of HEPD-01 electron fluxes and photons from GRB190114C, GRB190305A, GRB190928A, GRB200826B and GRB211211A has shown a remarkable similarity, in spite of the different energy ranges. The high-energy response, with peak sensitivity at about 2 MeV, and moderate effective area of the detector in the actual flight configuration explain why these five GRBs, characterised by a fluence above $\sim$ 3 $\times$ 10$^{-5}$ erg cm$^{-2}$ in the energy interval 300 keV - 50 MeV, have been detected.Comment: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal (ApJ

La leadership in sanità

Il testo introduce la laetteratura in materia di leadership applicata al settore sanitari

Orientare all’innovazione l’ospedale: aspetti strategici, organizzativi e gestionali

L'innovazione nell'ambito del contesto ospedaliero è sempre un'innovazione del sapere, del know-why quando di origine scientifica, del know-how quando di origine empirica. Nuove tecnologie e nuove tecniche richiedono infatti competenze umane per la loro selezione e per il loro impiego proficuo. La capacità di presidiare il know-why e il know-how assume fondamentale importanza nell'attività delle strutture ospedaliere. L'articolo affronta dal punto di vista organizzativo, strategico e manageriale come creare un ambiente favorevole allo sviluppo dell'innovazione, identificare i ruoli e le responsabilità per lo sviluppo dell'innovazione e infine come governare e presidiare in chiave aziendale l'innovazione stess

The rise and fall(acy) of clinical directorates in Italy

Clinical Directorates (CDs), in the sense of “intermediate organizational arrangements through which defined parts of larger hospitals health services are managed”, were introduced in the Italian National Health Service (INHS) by law after the major reform of 1992. By means of such reform, accountability chains within INHS hospitals were streamlined. Changes looked at strengthening the role of management in hospitals as a strategy to improve efficiency in the provision of services. From this stream of managerialism emerged the attempts to re-organize hospital activities along the lines of clinical directorates. The aim of this paper is to outline the context in which CDs initially developed in Italy as the “one best way” to address current hospital problems and the reasons why they are now challenged due to not coming up to expectations. To do so we run through the last 10 years of history of CDs in Italy and propose an interpretative framework to understand the grounds for their partial failure and success

Beyond rhetoric: what health services management research must do for research and practice

L'articolo traccia le traiettorie future per la ricerca nel campo dell'healthcare management