Additional file 1 of Altered DNA methylation in liver and adipose tissues derived from individuals with obesity and type 2 diabetes

Figure S1. Clustering of methylation data from tissue samples from individuals with obesity. Figure S2. Comparison of methylation averages among tissue types. Figure S3. Comparison of DMCs between different tissues. Figure S4. Differential gene expression. Table S1. List of DMCs in WB in the comparison between the DO and NDO groups. Table S2. List of DMCs in SAT in the comparison between the DO and NDO groups. Table S3. List of DMCs in VAT in the comparison between the DO and NDO groups. Table S4. List of DMCs in LT in the comparison between the DO and NDO groups. Table S5. Gene ontology enrichment analysis using the genes with DMCs in SAT. Table S6. Gene ontology enrichment analysis using the genes with DMCs in VAT. Table S7. Gene ontology enrichment analysis using the genes with DMCs in LT. Table S8. Differential gene expression in WB in the comparison between DO and NDO groups. Table S9. Differential gene expression in SAT in the comparison between DO and NDO groups. Table S10. Differential gene expression in VAT in the comparison between DO and NDO groups. Table S11. Differential gene expression in LT in the comparison between DO and NDO groups. Table S12. List of genes with correlation between alteration of DNA methylation and differential gene expression in WB. Table S13. List of genes with correlation between alteration of DNA methylation and differential gene expression in SAT. Table S14. List of genes with correlation between alteration of DNA methylation and differential gene expression in VAT. Table S15. List of genes with correlation between alteration of DNA methylation and differential gene expression in LT. Table S16. Gene ontology enrichment analysis using the genes with correlation between alteration of DNA methylation and differential gene expression. (PDF 3440 kb

Heterogenous Distribution of <i>MTHFR</i> Gene Variants among Mestizos and Diverse Amerindian Groups from Mexico

<div><p>Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is a key enzyme in folate metabolism. Folate deficiency has been related to several conditions, including neural tube defects (NTDs) and cardiovascular diseases. Hence, <i>MTHFR</i> genetic variants have been studied worldwide, particularly the C677T and A1298C. We genotyped the C677T and A1298C <i>MTHFR</i> polymorphisms in Mexican Amerindians (MAs), from the largest sample included in a genetic study (n = 2026, from 62 ethnic groups), and in a geographically-matched Mexican Mestizo population (MEZ, n = 638). The 677T allele was most frequent in Mexican individuals, particularly in MAs. The frequency of this allele in both MAs and MEZs was clearly enriched in the South region of the country, followed by the Central East and South East regions. In contrast, the frequency of the 1298C risk allele in Mexicans was one of the lowest in the world. Both in MAs and MEZs the variants 677T and 1298C displayed opposite allele frequency gradients from southern to northern Mexico. Our findings suggest that in Mestizos the 677T allele was derived from Amerindians while the 1298C allele was a European contribution. Some subgroups showed an allele frequency distribution that highlighted their genetic diversity. Notably, the distribution of the frequency of the 677T allele was consistent with that of the high incidence of NTDs reported in MEZ.</p></div

Geographic distribution of allele frequencies for the C677T polymorphism in the MA population.

<p>CDMX, Mexico City; MEX, Mexico State; MOR, Morelos; OAX, Oaxaca; PUE, Puebla; SLP, San Luis Potosí. Striped States were not sampled because they are inhabited by neighboring indigenous included in this study. *States without indigenous population [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0163248#pone.0163248.ref032" target="_blank">32</a>].</p