Proceedings of the Thirteenth International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) Conference and Expo

Meeting Abstracts: Proceedings of the Thirteenth International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) Conference and Expo Clearwater Beach, FL, USA. 9-11 June 201

Effects of High-Intensity Interval and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Exercise on Inflammatory, Leptin, IgA, and Lipid Peroxidation Responses in Obese Males

Purpose: To compare the effects of a single high-intensity interval exercise session (HIIE) with a moderate-intensity continuous exercise session (MICE) on the inflammatory profile, IgA levels, and lipid peroxidation in sedentary obese males.Methods: Ten sedentary obese men (age 28.5 ± 2.7 years; BMI 35.9 ± 4.9 kg/m2; body fat 40.6 ± 2.0%) performed three experimental sessions, on separate days with 1 week wash-out period between interventions, according to a randomized order: (1) HIIE: 10 × 60 s at 90% of the HRmax alternated by 60 s of active recovery; (2) MICE: 20 min at 70% of the HRmax; (3) Rest—control. Blood and saliva samples were collected before, immediately after and 60 min after the end of each session in order to analyse serum levels of cytokines, IgA, and lipoperoxidation markers.Results: Leptin levels decreased immediately after HIIE (P = 0.033) and was different from the MICE (P = 0.025). IFN-γ levels were reduced immediately after (P = 0.032) and 60 min after HIIE (P = 0.003) compared to baseline, and it also increased IL-4 levels immediately after exercise (P = 0.007) compared to resting values. MICE promoted an increase in IFN-γ levels immediately after exercise (P = 0.025) and 60 min after exercise (P = 0.004) in relation to baseline. Both exercise conditions increased IL-6 levels up to 60 min after exercise (P < 0.05). The IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio decreased immediately after (P = 0.002) and 60 min after HIIE (P = 0.005) in relation to pre-exercise. No changes were found for IgA-S and TBARS for any of the conditions.Conclusion: A single HIIE session is able to decrease IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio, indicating an anti-inflammatory response, without alterations in the function of the mucosal immune system and lipoperoxidation. On the other hand, a brief session of MICE induced changes in the pattern of cytokines associated with increased cellular immune function

The effect of carbohydrate mouth rinse on performance, biochemical and psychophysiological variables during a cycling time trial: a crossover randomized trial

Abstract Background The hypothesis of the central effect of carbohydrate mouth rinse (CMR) on performance improvement in a fed state has not been established, and its psychophysiological responses have not yet been described. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of CMR in athletes fed state on performance, biochemical and psychophysiological responses compared to ad libitum water intake. Methods Eleven trained male cyclists completed a randomized, crossover trial, which consisted of a 30 km cycle ergometer at self-selected intensity and in a fed state. Subjects were under random influence of the following interventions: CMR with a 6% unflavored maltodextrin solution; mouth rinsing with a placebo solution (PMR); drinking “ad libitum” (DAL). The time for completion of the test (min), heart rate (bpm) and power (watts), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), affective response, blood glucose (mg/dL) and lactate (mmol/DL), were evaluated before, during and immediately after the test, while insulin (uIL/mL), cortisol (μg/dL) and creatine kinase (U/L) levels were measured before, immediately after the test and 30 min after the test. Results Time for completion of the 30 km trial did not differ significantly among CMR, PMR and DAL interventions (means = 54.5 ± 2.9, 54.7 ± 2.9 and 54.5 ± 2.5 min, respectively; p = 0.82). RPE and affective response were higher in DAL intervention (p < 0.01). Glucose, insulin, cortisol and creatine kinase responses showed no significant difference among interventions. Conclusions In a fed state, CMR has not caused metabolic changes, and it has not improved physical performance compared to ad libitum water intake, but demonstrated a possible central effect. ReBec registration number: RBR-4vpwkg. Available in http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/?q=RBR-4vpwkg

Effect of Acute Dietary Nitrate Supplementation on the Post-Exercise Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Obese Males: A Randomized, Controlled, Crossover Trial

This study aimed to verify the effect of beetroot juice on post-exercise ambulatory blood pressure (BP) in obese individuals. Fourteen non-hypertensive obese males were randomly assigned to three experimental sessions: 1) Beetroot juice with exercise (BJE, 200ml with ≈ 800mg nitrate and 40 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise at an intensity of 50% of the heart rate reserve), 2) fruit soda with exercise (FSE, 200ml of a low-nitrate drink and the same exercise session) and 3) control (CON, 200ml of water, an insignificant nitrate drink without exercise). The concentration of total nitrites and nitrates in plasma (NOx) after the drinks and the 24-hour ambulatory BP were evaluated. A two-way (condition vs. time) ANOVA for repeated measures, with a Bonferroni post hoc was used to analyze variables. The plasma NOx concentration increased significantly after ingestion of beetroot juice (from 9.9 ± 8.4 μM to 47.0 ± 16.9 μM, p 0.05). BJE enhanced the reduction of systolic ambulatory BP up to 6 hours following a moderate-intensity aerobic exercise in obese individuals with an elevated cardiovascular risk profile