An assessment of elementary administrators\u27 and teachers\u27 concerns about cooperative learning.

The purpose of this study was to assess the Stages of Concern of southeastern Massachusetts elementary administrators and regular classroom teachers toward cooperative learning. Of the eighty school districts surveyed, thirty-four systems indicated that they were using cooperative learning. A stratified random sample of twenty-four school districts was selected using the Massachusetts Department of Education\u27s kind of community classification system. Forty-six elementary administrators and eighty-five classroom teachers participated. Two data-gathered instruments were used: one to measure the seven hypothesized Stages of Concern about cooperative learning and one to gather personal information. The Stages of Concern Questionnaire (SoCQ) was used to gain insight into concerns of elementary administrators and teachers about cooperative learning. The dependent variables in the study were scores assigned by administrators and teachers to each of the 35 items on the SoCQ. Independent variables came from the Demographic Survey Instrument and included: role, gender, training, age, education level, and experience. Eleven null hypotheses were developed using a.05 level of significance criterion. Five hypotheses of difference were constructed around role, gender, and training. The t-test was used to evaluate each hypothesis and all five null hypotheses were accepted. Six hypotheses of association were built using age, education level, and experience. The Pearson r test was used to make a decision regarding each hypothesis and all six null hypotheses were accepted. Descriptive analysis revealed that 57.5% of the school districts have not initiated cooperative learning programs at the elementary school level. Systems using cooperative learning revealed that more than 70% of the respondents\u27 highest concern scores were located at the early development Stages. The following conclusions were reached: (1) some students are being deprived of cooperative learning, (2) the majority of administrators and teachers have immature concerns about cooperative learning, and (3) leaders need to initiate actions or events that will resolve professional concerns about cooperative learning

DPST ; 81-141-31

This report presents the computer programs used at the Savanah River Laboratory to produce National Uranium Resource Evaluation program reports

An Analysis of Mechanisms Underlying the Antifibrinolytic Properties of Radiographic Contrast Agents

Background: Radiographic contrast agents inhibit fibrinolysis, although by poorly defined pathways. The purpose of this study was to define specific mechanisms by which contrast agents inhibit clot lysis.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/47998/1/11239_2004_Article_397950.pd

Induction of Heme Oxygenase-1 Expression Inhibits Platelet-Dependent Thrombosis

Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) plays a key role in protecting tissue from oxidative stress. Although some studies implicate HO-1 in modulating thrombosis after vascular injury, the impact of HO-1 on the rate of clot formation in vivo is poorly defined. This study examined the potential function of HO-1 in regulating platelet-dependent arterial thrombosis. Platelet-rich thrombi were induced in C57BL/6J mice by applying 10% ferric chloride to the exposed carotid artery. Mean occlusion time of wild-type mice (n = 10) was 14.6 ± 1.0 min versus 12.9 ± 0.6 min for HO-1-/- mice (n = 11, p = 0.17). However, after challenge with hemin, mean occlusion time was significantly longer in wild-type mice (16.3 ± 1.2 min, n = 15) than HO-1-/- mice (12.0 ± 1.0 min, n = 9; p = 0.021). Hemin administration induced an approximately twofold increase in oxidative stress, measured as plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that hemin induced a robust increase in HO-1 expression within the carotid arterial wall. Ex vivo blood clotting within a collagen-coated perfusion chamber was studied to determine whether the accelerated thrombosis observed in HO-1-/- mice was contributed to by effects on the blood itself. Under basal conditions, mean clot formation during perfusion of blood over collagen did not differ between wild-type mice and HO-1-/- mice. However, after hemin challenge, mean clot formation was significantly increased in HO-1-/- mice compared with wild-type controls. These results suggest that, under basal conditions, HO-1 does not exert a significant effect on platelet-dependent clot formation in vivo. However, under conditions that stimulate HO-1 production, platelet-dependent thrombus formation is inhibited by HO-1. Enhanced HO-1 expression in response to oxidative stress may represent an adaptive response mechanism to down-regulate platelet activation under prothrombotic conditions.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/63386/1/1523086041361677.pd

No sex scandals please, we're French: French attitudes towards politicians' public and private conduct

The notion of distinct ‘public’ and ‘private’ spheres underpins much normative and practical engagement with political misconduct. What is less clear is whether citizens draw distinctions between misdemeanours in the ‘public’ and ‘private’ spheres, and whether they judge these in systematically different ways. This paper explores attitudes to political misconduct in France. French citizens are often said to be particularly relaxed about politicians’ private affairs, but there has been little empirical evidence for this proposition. Drawing on original survey data, this paper demonstrates clearly that French citizens draw a sharp distinction between politicians’ public and private transgressions, and are more tolerant of the latter

Control of dephasing in spin qubits during coherent transport in silicon

One of the key pathways towards scalability of spin-based quantum computing systems lies in achieving long-range interactions between electrons and increasing their inter-connectivity. Coherent spin transport is one of the most promising strategies to achieve this architectural advantage. Experimental results have previously demonstrated high fidelity transportation of spin qubits between two quantum dots in silicon and identified possible sources of error. In this theoretical study, we investigate these errors and analyze the impact of tunnel coupling, magnetic field and spin-orbit effects on the spin transfer process. The interplay between these effects gives rise to double dot configurations that include regimes of enhanced decoherence that should be avoided for quantum information processing. These conclusions permit us to extrapolate previous experimental conclusions and rationalize the future design of large scale quantum processors.Comment: 18 pages, 9 figure

Prognostic value of the 6-gene OncoMasTR test in hormone receptor–positive HER2-negative early-stage breast cancer: Comparative analysis with standard clinicopathological factors

Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the prognostic performance of a 6-gene molecular score (OncoMasTR Molecular Score [OMm]) and a composite risk score (OncoMasTR Risk Score [OM]) and to conduct a within-patient comparison against four routinely used molecular and clinicopathological risk assessment tools: Oncotype DX Recurrence Score, Ki67, Nottingham Prognostic Index and Clinical Risk Category, based on the modified Adjuvant! Online definition and three risk factors: patient age, tumour size and grade. Methods: Biospecimens and clinicopathological information for 404 Irish women also previously enrolled in the Trial Assigning Individualized Options for Treatment [Rx] were provided by 11 participating hospitals, as the primary objective of an independent translational study. Gene expression measured via RT-qPCR was used to calculate OMm and OM. The prognostic value for distant recurrence-free survival (DRFS) and invasive disease-free survival (IDFS) was assessed using Cox proportional hazards models and Kaplan-Meier analysis. All statistical tests were two-sided ones. Results: OMm and OM (both with likelihood ratio statistic [LRS] P Discussion: Both OncoMasTR scores were significantly prognostic for DRFS and IDFS and provided additional prognostic information to the molecular and clinicopathological risk factors/tools assessed. OM was also the most accurate risk classification tool for identifying DR. A concise 6-gene signature with superior risk stratification was shown to increase prognosis reliability, which may help clinicians optimise treatment decisions. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02050750 NCT00310180.</p

Axial Globe Position Measurement: A Prospective Multicenter Study by the International Thyroid Eye Disease Society

Identify a reproducible measure of axial globe position (AGP) for multicenter studies on patients with thyroid eye disease (TED)