The application of magnetic fields for landfill leachate treatment

This research is mainly focused on the capability of magnetic application of 0.55 Tesla magnetic field strength on reduction of suspended solid (SS), BOD5 and COD in landfill leachate through a circulation magnetic device which was conducted using the settling column test. The parameters monitored which effect the reduction of suspended solids and organic concentration were the magnetic exposure time of between 1 hour and 6 hours, operating flow rate of between 1 mL/s and 5 mL/s, and pH of between 2 and 13. Empirical mathematical models of sedimentation and column settling test were investigated to fulfill the behaviour of sedimentation under operating conditions due to the effect of magnetic exposure time, operating flow rate, and pH of the sample. Using the empirical mathematical models were analysed based on total suspended solids (SS), BOD5 and COD removal efficiency to variation of the operating flow rate, magnetic exposure time and pH. The model coefficients were derived from combined analysis of correlated sets of data, thus giving an indication for their possible general applicability. The pH had significant effects on the percentage of SS, BOD5 and COD removal, but pH increased the starting SS, BOD5 and COD removal rate. The study reveals that percentage of SS, BOD5 and COD removal efficiency decreased as the pH below 7 was increased, but it increased as the pH of between 7 and13 was increased the reduction of SS, BOD5 and COD in the sample. The experimental design at an exposure time to magnetic field of 6 hours, a flow rate of 2 mL/s with pH of 13 show that the removal efficiency of SS, BOD5 and COD at 72.57%, 63.93% and 56.97% respectively. Statistically tested by SPSS, there was a significant linear increase in average treatment efficiency to the magnetic exposure time and pH of sample at 95% confidence level. The experimental results were also generated empirical mathematical model relating percentage of SS, BOD5 and COD removal efficiency to flow rate, magnetic exposure time and sample of pH using MINITAB statistical software. The empirical mathematical models can be helpful in designing application of magnetic fields for landfill leachate treatment

LAPORAN INDIVIDU PRAKTIK PENGALAMAN LAPANGAN

Praktik Pengalaman Lapangan merupakan salah satu mata kuliah yang wajib diambil dan ditempuh oleh mahasiswa program pendidikan dari setiap jurusan kependidikan di Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta (UNY) untuk mencari pengalaman secara langsung dan menerapkan ilmu yang didapat di bangku perkuliahan. Penyelanggaraan kegiatan PPL ini dilaksanakan di sekolah atau lembaga yang sudah ditentukan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas tenaga pendidik, khususnya mahasiswa dalam segi kualitas. Pada kegiatan PPL UNY kali ini kelompok kami yaitu kelompok 8 PPL PG PAUD UNY mengambil tempat di TK ABA Demakan yang diselenggarakan selama 2 bulan yang dimulai pada tanggal 13 Juli sampai dengan 18 September 2016. Tujuan dari kegiatan PPL ini adalah untuk memberikan pengalaman mengajar secara langsung kepada mahasiswa dan mengembangkan ilmu yang dimilikinya untuk dapat diterapkan dalam dunia kerja kelak selain itu kegiatan PPL bertujuan untuk menggali sebanyak-banyaknya ilmu yang ada di lingkungan sekolah secaara langsung sehingga dapat menjadi bekal bagi mahasiswa untuk mengembangkan potensi yang dimilikinya. Pelaksannan PPL diawali dengan observasi lembaga pendidikan yang akan digunakan untuk PPL yaitu dengan melihat potensi yang ada disekolah tersebut yang meliputi tenaga pendidik, sarana dan prasarana, lingkungan dan bagaimana kegiatan pembelajaran yang dilakukan di sekolah tersebut, selanjutnya tahap pelaksannan PPL, sebelum melaksanakan kegiatan PPL mahasiswa telah dibekali pengalaman melelui mikro teaching agar pada pelaksanaan pengejaran mahasiswa dapat mengajar dan menerapkan ilmu yang dimilikinya, pelaksannan progam PPL yang meliputi progam pengajaran di sekolah, kegiatan pengajaran dilakukan di 2 kelas yaitu kelas B1 dan B2. Masing-masing mahasiswa memiliki kesempatan mengajar sebanyak empat kali yaitu dua kali kelas B1 dan dua kali kelas B2. Kegiatan PPL yang dilaksanakan di TK ABA Demakan dapat berjalan secara lancar dan baik berkat bantuan semua pihak antara lain Dosen Pembimbing Lapangan, Guru, peserta didik dan seluruh warja sekolah. Setelah pelaksanaan progam PPL mahasiswa diwajibkan untuk menyusun laporan hasil kegiatan PPL yang telah diaksanakan selama dua bulan

“PERANCANGAN MEDIA EDUKASI PENUMBUHAN AKHLAK MULIA PADA ANAK DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE PENDIDIKAN QUR’ANI”

Penurunan moral dan buruknya akhlak telah menjadi masalah serius bagi bangsa maupun dunia. Hal ini disebabkan oleh perkembangan zaman, teknologi dan dampak dari globalisasi. Maka dari itu, diperlukan pembinaan demi pembangunan karakter, akhlak mulia dan mental bagi masyarakat yang dimulai dari anak usia dini. Islam dengan wahyu nya yang agung berupa Al Qur’an dan Hadits menyimpan berbagai metode dalam pembinaan karakter dan dapat menjadi benteng maupun pegangan dalam menjaga karakter dan akhlak mulia. Atas hal tersebut, maka dibutuhkannya sebuah media pembelajaran yang bertujuan untuk menumbuhkan akhlak mulia pada anak yang menarik bagi anak dan pengajar di Kota Bandung. Penulis menggunakan metode kualitatif dalam mengumpulkan data melalui cara observasi, wawancara dan studi pustaka. Buku ilustrasi dipilih penulis sebagai media yang tepat sebagai solusi dari permasalahan diatas yang telah disesuaikan dengan karakter anak usia dini yang dikemas dengan cara yang menarik

Removal of COD and turbidity to improve wastewater quality using electrocoagulant technique

Electrocoagulation (EC) is becoming a popular process to be used for wastewater treatment. The removal of COD and turbidity from wastewater by EC using iron (Fe) electrode material was investigated in this paper. Several working parameters, such as pH, current density, and operating time were studied in an attempt to achieve a higher removal capacity. Wastewater sample was made from milk powder with initial COD of 1140 mgL-1 and turbidity of 491 NTU. Current density was varied from 3.51 to 5.62 mA cm-2, and operating time of between 30 and 50 minutes. The results show that the effluent wastewater was very clear and its quality exceeded the direct discharge standard. The removal efficiencies of COD and turbidity were high, being more than 65 % and 95 %. In addition, the experimental results also show that the electrocoagu lation can neutralize pH of wastewater

Enhancing suspended solids remove from waswtewater using Fe electrodes

This paper investigates the effect of electrocoagulation (EC) process on the removal of suspended solids (SS) from wastewater. In a batch electrochemical cell experimental set up, two monopolar iron (Fe) plate were used as electrodes (anodes and cathodes). Synthetic wastewater, made of milk powder with concentration of 700 mg/L, was treated using 1M HCl for pH adjustment before it was used as electrolyte. Preliminary results show that the EC process is able to enhance the removal of suspended solid, turbidity and carbon oxygen demand in wastewater. The removal rates of those elements were increase with treatment time

Combined magnetic field and electrocoagulation process for suspended solid removal from wastewater

Innovative, cheap and effective methods of purifying and cleaning wastewater before discharging into any other water systems are needed. This paper study combined magnetic field and EC technology for removal suspended solid in wastewater treatment. The synthetic wastewater was treated in a batch mode by magnetic field combined with electrocoagulation. Wastewater sample was prepared from milk powder with a concentration of 700 mg/L. In the laboratory batch electrochemical cell, two monopolar iron (Fe) plate anodes and cathodes were employed as electrodes. DC current was varied fom 0.5 – 1 A, and operating time between 30 – 480 minutes. Three permanent magnets with different strengths were used in this experiment, namely NdFeB of 0.55T, SmCo of 0.16T and AlNiCo of 0.08T. The results showed that combined magnetic field and EC process has improved suspended solid removal from wastewater compared to EC process alone. The suspended solid and turbidity removals were as high as 92.3 % and 81.25 % with the combined process, while for EC process was as high as 89.3 % and 75.16 %

An empirical model for sedimentation of suspended solids under influence of magnetic field

The magnetic treatment of wastewater is an alternative simple approach by which the wastewater that need to be treated flow through a magnetic field, and consequently some of its physicochemical properties such as suspended particles changes. The primary propose of wastewater treatment is to remove the suspended and soluble organic constituents measured as chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) in the incoming liquid streams. The essence of flocculation process is the aggregation of suspended coagulated particles to form larger flocs amenable to separation from the suspending medium by some subsequent physical process, generally sedimentation. Using performance data from the application of magnetic field of 0.55 Tesla in circulation flowing system, empirical mathematical models were developed in this paper relating suspended solids (SS) removal efficiency to operating flow rate and retention time. The obtained experimental results showed that percent of SS removal increased with increasing magnetic exposure time at lower flow rates. The model coefficients were derived from the combined analysis of well correlated sets of data, thus giving a good indication for their possible general applicability. The analysis of experimental data also gave a relationship between SS and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies

KESUKAAN PEMILIHAN WARNA DALAM MEWARNAI GAMBAR PADA ANAK KELOMPOK B DI TK GUGUS I TIMBULHARJO

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jumlah persentase kesukaan pemilihan warna dalam mewarnai gambar pada anak kelompok B di TK Gugus I Timbulharjo. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah pendekatan kuantitatif dalam bentuk deskriptif. Terdapat 7 TK yang menjadi populasi, dari populasi ini terbagi menjadi 11 kelas kelompok B dengan jumlah 250 anak. Sejumlah 87 anak yang akan dijadikan sampel. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini mengunakan teknik observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Berdasarkan penelitian diketahui bahwa warna yang disukai anak dalam mewarnai gambar pada kelompok B di TK Gugus I Timbulharjo adalah warna merah dengan rata- rata sebesar 80,17% dengan keterangan sifat yang ikut teramati yaitu gembira, ramah, dan riang. Pada warna jingga dengan rata- rata sebesar 83,05% dengan keterangan sifat yang ikut teramati yaitu sifat kehangatan, semangat, dan antusias. Dan pada warna kuning dengan rata- rata sebesar 79,89% dengan keterangan sifat berani, agresif, dan energik. Kesukaan warna tersebut dapat dilihat dari hasil mewarnai objek gambar seperti rumah, tumbuhan, hewan, dll dengan menggunakan krayon sebagai alat mewarnainya. Kata kunci: kesukaan pemilihan warna, mewarnai gamba