A Fully Unsupervised Texture Segmentation Algorithm

This paper presents a fully unsupervised texture segmentation algorithm by using a modified discrete wavelet frames decomposition and a mean shift algorithm. By fully unsupervised, we mean the algorithm does not require any knowledge of the type of texture present nor the number of textures in the image to be segmented. The basic idea of the proposed method is to use the modified discrete wavelet frames to extract useful information from the image. Then, starting from the lowest level, the mean shift algorithm is used together with the fuzzy c-means clustering to divide the data into an appropriate number of clusters. The data clustering process is then refined at every level by taking into account the data at that particular level. The final crispy segmentation is obtained at the root level. This approach is applied to segment a variety of composite texture images into homogeneous texture areas and very good segmentation results are reported

Regenerasi In Vitro Empat Varietas Kedelai (Glycine Max [L.] Merr.) melalui Organogenesis Menggunakan Eksplan Biji yang Diimbibisi dan Dikecambahkan

Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh metode pra-kultur yang efektif dalam meningkatkan efisiensi regenerasi in vitro terhadap eksplan buku kotiledon pada empat varietas kedelai. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Ilmu Tanaman Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Lampung, dimulai dari Maret sampai dengan Mei 2013. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah rancangan acak kelompok. Perlakuan yang diterapkan merupakan kombinasi dari dua faktor yaitu varietas (Detam 1, Detam 2, Burangrang, Panderman) dan metode pra-kultur (kecambah 6 hari dan imbibisi 20 jam) yang merupakan perlakuan terhadap empat varietas benih kedelai tersebut sebelum ditanam pada media inisiasi tunas. Perlakuan disusun secara faktorial (4x2) dengan 5 ulangan. Setiap satuan percobaan terdiri dari empat eksplan buku kotiledon kedelai. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata jumlah tunas adventif per eksplan (RJTAPE) tidak dipengaruhi oleh metode prakultur, varietas dan interaksi antara keduanya. Sedangkan, persentase eksplan yang membentuk tunas adventif (PEMTA) tidak dipengaruhi oleh metode pra-kultur namun dipengaruhi oleh varietas dan interaksi antara kedua faktor tersebut. PEMTA tertinggi didapatkan jika menggunakan varietas Detam 1 melalui perlakuan perkecambahan (70%) dan varietas Pandermanmelalui perlakuan imbibisi (50%). Media pengakaran ½ MS dan ½ MS + NAA 0,5 mg l-1 memiliki efektifitas yang sama terhadap persentase tunas adventif yang membentuk akar fungsional (PTMAF) pada minggu kedua setelah pengakaran. Dengan demikian, teknik regenerasi secara in vitro melalui organogenesis pada varietas Detam 1 dengan perlakuan perkecambahan dan varietas Panderman dengan perlakuan imbibisi lebih efisien digunakan untuk transformasi genetik kedelai

Texture-based Image Retrieval Using Multiscale Sub-image Matching

The paper presents research on a robust technique for texture-based image retrieval in multimedia museum collections. The aim is to be able to use a query image patch containing a single texture to retrieve images containing some area with similar texture to that in the query. A retrieval technique without the need for segmentation is presented. The algorithm uses a multiscale sub-image matching method together with an appropriate texture feature extractor. The multiscale sub-image matching is achieved by first decomposing each database image into a set of 64x64 pixel patches covering the entire image. The resolution of the database image is then rescaled to create sub-images corresponding to a larger scale. The process continues until the final resolution of the image is equal to some pre-determined value. Finally, a collection of sub-images corresponding to different image regions and scales is obtained. The final image feature vector consists of a collection of feature vectors corresponding to each sub-image. Several wavelet-based feature extractors are tested with the multiscale technique. From the experiments, it is found that the multiscale sub-image matching method is an efficient way to achieve effective texture retrieval without any need for segmentation

A Fully Unsupervised Texture Segmentation Algorithm

This paper presents a fully unsupervised texture segmentation algorithm by using a modified discrete wavelet frames decomposition and a mean shift algorithm. By fully unsupervised, we mean the algorithm does not require any knowledge of the type of texture present nor the number of textures in the image to be segmented. The basic idea of the proposed method is to use the modified discrete wavelet frames to extract useful information from the image. Then, starting from the lowest level, the mean shift algorithm is used together with the fuzzy c-means clustering to divide the data into an appropriate number of clusters. The data clustering process is then refined at every level by taking into account the data at that particular level. The final crispy segmentation is obtained at the root level. This approach is applied to segment a variety of composite texture images into homogeneous texture areas and very good segmentation results are reported.

Simulation of crude palm oil dilution and clarification in a palm oil mill using computational fluid dynamics: grid dependency and parametric studies

Oil extraction rate (OER) is a useful tool for assessing the performance of palm oil mills, where a higher OER is favorable. The OER can be enhanced by improving the quantity of palm oil recovered from fresh fruit bunches processed. In this study, the simulation of dilution and clarification of crude palm oil (CPO) in a clarifier of a palm oil mill was performed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach. Grid dependency and parametric studies were conducted on the fluid region inside the clarifier. From the results, the utilization of medium-sized mesh managed to achieve grid-independent solutions, with the average percentage error of 12.4% based on the comparison of the actual and simulation data. Moreover, the input parameters (i.e., velocity, temperature, and oil mass fraction of the inlet) significantly influenced the oil mass fraction of the outlet based on the coefficient determination (R2) values. As a conclusion, CFD has the potential to enhance the OER of a palm oil mill by enabling the study of parameters influencing dilution and clarification of CPO without the need of conducting experiments