Integrating AADL and FMI to Extend Virtual Integration Capability

Virtual Integration Capability is paramount to perform early validation of Cyber Physical Systems. The objective is to guide the systems engineer so as to ensure that the system under design meets multiple criteria through high-fidelity simulation. In this paper, we present an integration scheme that leverages the FMI (Functional Mock-Up interface) standard and the AADL architecture description language. Their combination allows for validation of systems combining embedded platform captured by the AADL, and FMI components that represent physical elements, either mechanical parts, or the environment. We present one approach, and demonstrator case studies

Modélisation des exigences en UML/SysML

National audienceRésumé L'ingénierie des exigences est une activité primordiale dans tout développement de systèmes. En ingénierie système (IS) tout ingénieur est formé à la capture et à l'ingénierie des exigences. L'INCOSE et l'OMG, quand ils ont développé SysML [3] à partir d'UML [1], ont introduit explicitement la notion d'exigence comme élément de modélisation. Un diagramme ainsi qu'une table des exigences leur sont même dédiés. Nous expliquons dans cet article comment les exigences sont modélisées, et surtout comment elles sont liées avec le reste de la modélisation structurelle et comportementale. Nous apportons notre analyse sur les manques constatés par les industriels et dressons quelques pistes d'améliorations futures

Modélisation des exigences en UML/SysML

L'ingénierie des exigences est une activité primordiale dans tout développement de systèmes. En ingénierie système (IS) tout ingénieur est formé à la capture et à l'ingénierie des exigences. L'INCOSE et l'OMG, quand ils ont développé SysML [3] à partir d'UML [1], ont introduit explicitement la notion d'exigence comme élément de modélisation. Un diagramme ainsi qu'une table des exigences leur sont même dédiés. Nous expliquons dans cet article comment les exigences sont modélisées, et surtout comment elles sont liées avec le reste de la modélisation structurelle et comportementale. Nous apportons notre analyse sur les manques constatés par les industriels et dressons quelques pistes d'améliorations futures

Polarsys towards Long-Term Availability of Engineering Tools for Embedded Systems

International audienceThe Polarsys Industrial Working Group (http://www.polarsys.org) addresses specific issues of industrial users who develop and maintain Embedded Systems:• A satellite needs to be supported for more than 25 years.• An aircraft flight control system must be "certified" according to safety standards, including the tooling used to produce the software.During the whole life cycle of the product, system architects and developers of embedded systems need maturity assessment and long lasting support for their tooling. These concerns are also relevant in other safety-regulated environments like railway or energy, and for other domains with long life products like telecommunication or healthcare

Efficient modelling of avionics systems: combining standard language and custom editor

International audienceIn aeronautic, space, and automotive fields, critical embedded systems are more and more subjected to high safety requirements and so need an important verification effort during the development phase to avoid errors. It becomes more difficult for industrial actors to specify such systems, while ensuring the quality and the non-ambiguity of the specification. Model Based System Engineering (MBSE), allows designers to mature specifications quicker than with document approach because errors and inconsistencies in requirements are generally detected earlier thanks to their formalization in model elements. MBSE approach is more and more recognized as a good approach in industry and we find a lot of evaluations in R&T programs

Hepatocarcinogenesis in non-cirrhotic liver is associated with a reduced number of clonal hepatocellular patches in non-tumorous liver parenchyma

We investigated circumscribed cell proliferations in healthy livers in comparison to non-cirrhotic livers bearing hepatocellular carcinoma. Using histochemical staining for cytochrome c oxidase, the fourth complex of the respiratory chain, we visualized patch-forming descendents of regeneratively active liver cells. The clonal nature of these patches was verified by laser-capture microdissection and Sanger sequencing of the enzyme's core subunits in patches carrying marker mutations on the mtDNA. We demonstrate a highly significant increase of the patch size and also a highly significant increase in the number of patches carrying marker mutations between hepatocellular carcinoma-free and -bearing livers. Thus, the carcinoma-bearing livers accumulated more genetic damage on mtDNA than the control group. Furthermore, for the first time, we present evidence in hepatocellular carcinoma-bearing non-cirrhotic livers of a significantly reduced pool of regeneratively active liver cells that are genetically and functionally altered. The analogy to ageing-related changes is suggestive of premature ageing of stem cells in non-cirrhotic hepatocellular carcinoma-bearing liver as an early step to hepatocarcinogenesis. Copyright (c) 2012 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd