Bioactive secondary metabolites from new endophytic fungus Curvularia. sp isolated from Rauwolfia macrophylla.

Kaaniche F, Hamed A, Abdel-Razek AS, et al. Bioactive secondary metabolites from new endophytic fungus Curvularia. sp isolated from Rauwolfia macrophylla. PLoS ONE. 2019;14(6): E0217627.Over the last decades, endophytic fungi represent a new source of pharmacologically active secondary metabolites based on the underlying assumption that they live symbiotically within their plant host. In the present study, a new endophytic fungus was isolated from Rauwolfia macrophylla, a medicinal plant from Cameroon. The fungus showed a highest homology to Curvularia sp. based on complete nucleotide sequence data generated from the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of ribosomal DNA region. Large scale fermentation, working-up and separation of the strain extract using different chromatographic techniques afforded three bioactive compounds: 2'-deoxyribolactone (1), hexylitaconic acid (2) and ergosterol (3). The chemical structures of compounds 1-3 were confirmed by 1 and 2D NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry, and comparison with corresponding literature data. Biologically, the antimicrobial, antioxidant activities and the acetylcholinesterase inhibitory of the isolated compounds were studied

Anti-oxidant, antimicrobial and anti-acetylcholinesterase activities of organic extracts from aerial parts of three Tunisian plants and correlation with polyphenols and flavonoids contents

In goal of searching new active compounds with important biological activities, a screening of several plants from salt-marsh region of Chebba-Tunisia had been realized. Three species had been selected: Calendula arvensis, Chenopodium murale and Nicotiana glauca. The organic extracts of different aerial parts of these plants (stems, leaves and flowers) displayed variable contents of total polyphenols (TPP) and total flavonoids (TF). Flowers acetone extract from N. glauca contained the higher quantity in TPP (264.8 ± 1.6 µg GA/mg), while stems dichloromethane extract exhibited the best TF content (49.8 ± 2.2 µg QE/mg). The important TPP and TF contents reflected a good anti-oxidant and antimicrobial activities. The best acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity had been shown in the fractions obtained after extraction with low polarity solvents. Whence, a correlation of flavonoids contents with biological activities had been shown, while, there was no correlation with acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. Video Clip of Methodology: DPPH radical scavenging activity: 3 min   Full Screen   Alternat

Dewerin and gilbertionol two new secondary metabolites from the stem bark of Gilbertiodendron dewevrei (De Wild) J. Leonard.

Stephanie DM, Stephane FFY, Jules BKJ, et al. Dewerin and gilbertionol two new secondary metabolites from the stem bark of Gilbertiodendron dewevrei (De Wild) J. Leonard. Natural product research. 2020.The phytochemical investigation of the methanol extract of the stem bark of Gilbertiodendron dewevrei led to the isolation of two new secondary metabolites, 5,7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavan-2,4-dione (1) and 23-hydroxy-2-tricosanone (2) along with 19 known compounds (3-21). The structure of these compounds were established by interpretation of their spectral data, mainly HR-TOFESIMS, 1D NMR (1H, 13C and DEPT) and 2D NMR (1H-1H COSY, HSQC, HMBC, and NOESY), and by comparison with those reported in the literature. The methanol extract and some isolates were screened for their antiradical, antibacterial, and inhibitory properties against acetylcholinesterase

A-type doubly linked proanthocyanidin trimer and other metabolites from Canthium venosum fruits, and their biological activities

Dongmo AK, Nono RN, Kaaniche F, et al. A-type doubly linked proanthocyanidin trimer and other metabolites from Canthium venosum fruits, and their biological activities. Phytochemistry Letters. 2020;36:134-138.Phytochemical investigation of Canthium venosum fruits led to the isolation of a new doubly linked A-type proanthocyanidin trimer: epicatechin-(2 beta -> O -> 7, 4 beta -> 8)-catechin-(5 -> O -> 2 beta, 6 -> 4 beta)-epicatechin [venosumtannin A-1 (1)], along with twenty known compounds 2-21. Allyl (9a) and acetyl (9b) derivatives of 9 were prepared. The structures of compounds were established using comprehensive spectroscopic analysis including 1D NMR, 2D NMR (COSY, HMQC, HMBC, and NOESY) and circular dichroism (CD), and by comparison with the corresponding literature data. The antioxidant, cytotoxic, acetylcholinesterase and antibacterial activities of some of the isolated compounds were investigated. In the acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity test, compounds 2 and 9 (IC50: 0.03 +/- 1.22x10(-3) and 0.04 +/- 1.23x10(-3) mu M) were more active than the references (eserine and tacrine; IC50: 0.77 +/- 1.84x10(-3) and 0.15 +/- 1.04x10(-3) mu M respectively)

Early administration of norepinephrine in sepsis: Multicenter randomized clinical trial (EA-NE-S-TUN) study protocol.

One of the most important components of sepsis management is hemodynamic restoration. If the target mean arterial pressure (MAP) is not obtained, the first recommendation is for volume expansion, and the second is for norepinephrine (NE). We describe the methodology of a randomized multicenter trial aiming to assess the hypothesis that low-dose NE given early in adult patients with sepsis will provide better control of shock within 6 hours from therapy starting compared to standard care. This trial includes ICU septic patients in whom MAP decrease below 65 mmHg to be randomized into 2 groups: early NE-group versus standard care-group. The patient's attending clinician will determine how much volume expansion is necessary to meet the target of a MAP > 65 mm Hg. If this target not achieved, after at least 30 ml/kg and guided by the available indices of fluid responsiveness, NE will be used in a usual way. The latter must follow a consensual schedule elaborated by the investigating centers. Parameters to be taken at inclusion and at H6 are: lactates, cardiac ultrasound parameters (stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), E/E' ratio), and P/F ratio. MAP and diuresis are recorded hourly. Our primary outcome is the shock control defined as a composite criterion (MAP > 65 mm Hg for 2 consecutive measurements and urinary output > 0.5 ml/kg/h for 2 consecutive hours) within 6 hours. Secondary outcomes: Decrease in serum lactate> 10% from baseline within 6 hours, the received fluid volume within 6 hours, variation of CO and E/E', and 28 days-Mortality. The study is ongoing and aims to include at least 100 patients per arm. This study is likely to contribute to support the indication of early initiation of NE with the aim to restrict fluid intake in septic patients. (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT05836272)