2-(2-Methyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)ethyl 2-bromo­benzoate

In the title compound, C13H12BrN3O4, the dihedral angle between the benzene and imidazole rings is 30.6 (2)°. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked into chains parallel to [001] by C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The crystal packing is further consolidated by π–π inter­actions [centroid–centroid distance = 3.482 (2) Å]

2-Azido-1-(4-nitro­phen­yl)ethanone

In the title compound, C8H6N4O3, the ketone [C—C(=O)—C] and nitro groups are tilted with respect to the benzene ring by 18.92 (6) and 24.11 (15)°, respectively. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked into inter­woven chains running parallel to the [100] direction by C—H⋯N hydrogen bonds and weak π–π stacking inter­actions, with centroid–centroid separations of 3.897 (3) Å

2-(2-Methyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)ethyl 4-fluoro­benzoate

In the title compound, C13H12FN3O4, the dihedral angle between the benzene and imidazole rings is 32.77 (12)°. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked into a three-dimensional network by C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds

Spatiotemporal distribution patterns of climbers along an abiotic gradient in Jhelum District, Punjab, Pakistan

Climber–abiotic parameter interactions can have important ramifications for ecosystem’s functions and community dynamics, but the extent to which these abiotic factors influence the spatial distributions of climber communities in the western Himalayas is unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine the taxonomic diversity, richness, and distribution patterns of climbers in relation to abiotic variables in the Jhelum District. The data were collected from 120 random transects between 2019 and 2021, from 360 sites within triplet quadrats (1080 quadrats), and classification and ordination analyses were used to categorize the sample transects. A total of 38 climber species belonging to 25 genera and 11 families were recorded from the study area. The Convolvulaceae were the dominant family (26.32%), followed by the Apocynaceae (21.05%), and Leguminosae (15.79%). The majority of the climbers were herbaceous in nature (71.05%), followed by woody (23.68%). Based on the relative density, the most dominant species was Vicia sativa (12.74). The majority of the species flowered during the months of March–April (28.04%), followed by August–September (26.31%). Abiotic factors have a significant influence on the distribution pattern and structure of climbers in the study area. The results show that the climbers react to the biotic environment in different ways. The findings will serve as the foundation for future botanical inventories and will be crucial for understanding the biological, ecological, and economic value of climbers in forest ecosystems. This will help forest management, conservation, and ecological restoration in the Himalayas

Influence of edaphic properties in determining forest community patterns of the Zabarwan Mountain Range in the Kashmir Himalayas

The significance of edaphic factors in describing forest vegetation patterns is becoming more well acknowledged, with significant implications for the description of biogeographical regions and biome classification, as well as abundance and growth patterns at regional levels. The current study examines the vegetation association in the Zabarwan mountain range of the Western Himalayas and its association with edaphic factors. To collect data on forest types, we employed a systematic random sampling strategy in 60 plots (0.1 ha) across five forest types. We investigated data using ordination and cluster analysis approaches after calculating the important value index (henceforth IVI) for each plant species and edaphic data from forests. In total, 76 plant species from 39 different families were found in the area. The Rosaceae family was the most numerous, followed by Fabaceae and Asteraceae. Scrub forest types have lower diversity indices, while broad-leaved forest types have greater diversity indices. Two-way cluster analyses classified the forest vegetation of the Zabarwan mountain range into two plant communities on the basis of indicator plant species. The ordination analysis (canonical correspondence analysis) indicated that vegetation association tended to be influenced differently by distinct levels of soil parameters. The soil pH and calcium content were the main factors influencing the species distribution in the different forest types. The phytosociological features (basal area) were higher in coniferous forest type (74.49 m2ha−1) compared to broad-leaved (58.63 m2ha−1) and scrub forest type (15.4 m2ha−1). Overall, the goal of this research is to gain a better understanding of the impact of soil elements on forest composition and associations in order to develop scientifically based management options for forest ecosystem protection in the Himalayan region

2-(2-Methyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)ethyl methanesulfonate

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C7H11N3O5S, contains two independent molecules with virtually identical conformations. The imidazole rings of both molecules are essentially planar (r.m.s. deviations = 0.0019 and 0.0038 Å), with a dihedral angle 9.25 (19)° between them. The nitro groups are oriented at 4.5 (2) and 6.44 (13)° with respect to the imidazole rings. In the crystal, molecules are linked to form a three-dimensional framework by C—H...O and C—H...N hydrogen bonds

(E)-Ethyl 2-anilino-5-[3-(dimethylamino)acryloyl]-4-phenylthiophene-3-carboxylate

In the title compound, C24H24N2O3S, the phenyl rings form dihedral angles of 55.65 (11) and 79.60 (11)° with the plane of the thiophene ring. The molecular conformation is stabilized by an intramolecular N—H...O hydrogen bond, generating an S(6) ring motif. In the crystal, centrosymmetrically related molecules are linked into dimers by two pairs of C—H...O interactions

Ethyl 4-acetyl-5-anilino-3-methylthiophene-2-carboxylate

In the title compound, C16H17NO3S, a thiophene derivative with amino phenyl, acetyl, methyl and ethyl carboxyl susbtituents attached to a central thiophene ring, the phenyl and thiophene rings form a dihedral angle of 36.92 (9) Å. The molecular conformation is stabilized by an intramolecular N—H...O hydrogen bond, which forms an S(6) ring motif

2-Azido-1-(4-fluorophenyl)ethanone

The crystal structure of the title compound, C8H6FN3O, is stabilized by C—H...O hydrogen bonds, which link the molecules into chains running parallel to the a axis