Effect of Arnebia euchroma root extract on burn wound healing in Balb/c mice

زمینه و هدف: یکی از علل عمده مرگ و میر و ناتوانی در دنیا سوختگی و ضایعات حاصل از آن می باشد. از زمان های گذشته تاکنون درمان صحیح سوختگی مورد توجه اطباء بوده است و در مطالعات مختلف خواص برخی از گیاهان دارویی در بهبود زخم های سوختگی ثابت شده است. گیاه ابوخلسا یا هواچوبه (Arnebia euchroma) از گیاهانی است که غنی از آنتی اکسیدان می باشد و ممکن است در بهبود سوختگی موثر باشد. مطالعه حاضر با هدف تعیین اثر ابوخلسا بر بهبود زخم سوختگی درجه دو در موش کوچک آزمایشگاهی طراحی و اجرا شده است. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه ی تجربی، 105 سر موش کوچک آزمایشگاهی بالغ نر (5 گروه 20 تایی، 1 گروه 5 تایی) با وزن تقریبی 20 گرم مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. موش ها در 5 گروه وازلین 1 گرم، سولفادیازین نقره 1 گرم، بدون مداخله، ابوخلسا 1 و ابوخلسا 10 روزانه 2 بار به مدت 21 روز تحت درمان موضعی سوختگی درجه 2 عمقی قرار گرفتند. اندازه زخم، درصد زخم و درصد بهبودی زخم در روزهای 7،14 و 21 بررسی شدند. داده ها با استفاده از آزمون های آماری کروسکال والیس و تعقیبی دان تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. یافته ها: بیشترین بهبودی به ترتیب در گروه های سولفادیازین نقره، بدون مداخله، وازلین، ابوخلسا 1 و ابوخلسا 10 مشاهده شد. گروه سولفادیازین نقره بیشترین اثر را در بین گروه های مطالعه نشان داد (05/0>P). نتیجه گیری: این مطالعه نشان داد که ریشه گیاه ابوخلسا نمی تواند در بهبود زخم سوختگی درجه دو در موش تأثیری داشته باشد و مطالعات بیشتری در خصوص ارزیابی انواع دیگر عصاره و دوزهای دیگر این گیاه در درمان سوختگی پیشنهاد می گردد

Feeding formaldehyde-treated sesame meal to lactating Murciano-Granadina goats: implications on milk yield and composition, digestibility, rumen fermentation, and blood metabolites

Aim of study: To investigate the effect of substituting sesame meal (SM) treated with different levels of formaldehyde instead of soybean meal (SBM) on rumen fermentation, milk composition, and hemato-chemical parameters in lactating goats. Area of study: Kerman, Iran. Material and methods: Forty Murciano-Granadina goats in mid-lactation were allocated to four groups as a completely randomized design for 56 d. They were fed with diets containing: 1) SBM (control), 2) 12.5% untreated SM, 3) 12.5% treated SM with 0.8 g formaldehyde/100g crude protein (CP), and 4) 12.5% treated SM with 1.2 g formaldehyde/100g CP. Main results: The goats fed diet containing SM treated with 1.2 g of formaldehyde had greater (p < 0.01) intake of dry matter, CP and metabolizable energy (ME) than other groups. Milk yield and milk protein in goats fed diets containing 1.2 g formaldehyde-treated SM were greater than others (p < 0.01). Fat-corrected milk and total solids in groups fed diets containing formaldehyde-treated and untreated SM were greater than those in control (p < 0.01). Goats fed control diet showed a greater proportion of saturated fatty acids (SFA), and short and medium-chain FA in their milk compared to other groups (p < 0.01). Partial replacement of SBM with formaldehyde-treated or untreated SM increased milk unsaturated FA and long-chain FA (p < 0.01). Goats fed formaldehyde-treated SM had lower acetate production (p < 0.01). Research highlights: Partial replacement of SBM with formaldehyde-treated SM can be suggested to increase lactating goats' performance without adverse effects on their health

Diagnostic value of clinical symptoms and pulse oximetry for diagnosis of congenital heart disease in infants

Background: Infants born with congenital heart disease (CHD) typically present different clinical manifestations which make this condition hard to diagnose. Considering serious complications arising from misdiagnosis, inventing new methods and/or improving traditional diagnostic approaches has always been a research objective. Methods: In this cross-sectional analysis, which took place in Children's Medical Center in Tehran, 150 infants admitted to an intensive care unit were evaluated based on echocardiographic findings from 2015 to 2017. Echocardiography was done due to abnormalities in physical examination and/or oxygen saturation level. Results: The sensitivity of clinical study value was 82% and the negative predictive value was 20%. The sensitivity of arterial oxygen saturation immediately after admission to the neonatal intensive care was 92%, the specificity was 34%, positive predictive value was 56% and negative predictive value was 25%. Conclusion: In terms of high sensitivity, clinical symptom including tachypnea, cyanosis, arrhythmias, respiratory distress, cardiac murmur, or arterial oxygen saturation level in newborns may be useful for screening CHD. Among the clinical manifestations, cyanosis and respiratory distress are more valuable

Prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress and associated reasons among Iranian primary healthcare workers: a mixed method study

Abstract Background Different mental disorders may be associated with many work-related factors to which primary health care workers (PHCWs) are exposed. The current research aims to measure the rates of depression, anxiety, and stress among PHCWs, and their associated causes in primary health care (PHC) settings. Methods An explanatory sequential mixed methods design was employed in this research from January 2021 to January 2022 in Tabriz, Iran’s PHC centers. First, this study followed an online-based cross-sectional survey using a self-reported questionnaire. The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 Items (DASS-21) and questions on demographic and work-related characteristics were completed by 303 frontline PHCWs during the quantitative phase. In the qualitative phase, a semi-structured interview was held with 12 PHCWs who had the highest level of depression, anxiety, and stress to identify the reasons and sources of mental health prevalence. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics via SPSS-26. A content analysis was performed to analyze qualitative data. Results The results showed that self-reported stress, anxiety, and depression had a prevalence of 40.3%, 42.9%, and 42.6%, respectively. Symptoms of at least one mental disorder were experienced by 54% of respondents, while 28% had all three. Major sources of stress, anxiety, and depression among PHCWs were working environment conditions, organizational policies, job-related reasons, and interpersonal relations. Conclusions The results of current study indicated that PHCWs experienced high levels of depression, anxiety, and stress. The main factors and reasons that contributed to these mental health issues among PHCWs were work environment conditions, organizational policies, job-related reasons and interpersonal relations. Therefore, interventions should be implemented to promote mental health of PHCWs. This can include measures such as psychological screening, supportive care, workload management, flexible scheduling, and access to mental health resources. Additionally, training programs can be implemented to enhance resilience and coping skills among healthcare professionals

Efficacy of polyarginine peptides in the treatment of stroke: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Abstract Background Disparities exist regarding an efficient treatment for stroke. Polyarginines have shown promising neuroprotective properties based on available published studies. Thus, the present study aims to systemically review and analyze existing evidence regarding polyarginine's administration efficacy in animal stroke models. Method Medline, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science were systematically searched, in addition to manual search. Inclusion criteria were administrating polyarginine peptides in stroke animal models. Exclusion criteria were previous polyarginine administration, lacking a control group, review articles, and case reports. Data were collected and analyzed using STATA 17.0; a pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI), meta‐regression, and subgroup analyses were presented. Risk of bias, publication bias, and level of evidence were assessed using SYRCLE's tool, Egger's analysis, and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation framework, respectively. Results From the 468 searched articles, 11 articles were included. Analyses showed that R18 significantly decreases infarct size (SMD = –0.65; 95% CI: –1.01, –0.29) and brain edema (SMD = –1.90; 95% CI: –3.28, –0.51) and improves neurological outcome (SMD = 0.67; 95% CI: 0.44, 0.91) and functional status (SMD = 0.55; 95% CI: 0.26, 0.85) in stroke animal models. Moreover, R18D significantly decreases infarct size (SMD = –0.75; 95% CI: –1.17, –0.33) and improves neurological outcome (SMD = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.06, 0.86) and functional status (SMD = 0.35; 95% CI: 0.16, 0.54) in stroke models. Conclusion Moderate level of evidence demonstrated that both R18 and R18D administration can significantly improve stroke outcomes in animal stroke models. However, considering the limitations, further pre‐clinical and clinical studies are warranted to substantiate the neuroprotective efficacy of polyarginines for stroke

Survey of corrosion and scaling potential in drinking water resources of the villages in Qom province by use of four stability indexes (With Quantitative and qualitative analysis

Background &amp;amp; Aims of the Study: &nbsp;Corrosion and scaling are the most common problems of water facilities. Corrosion imposes many financial and health loss on system and consumer respectively, scaling also causes clogging and head loss in network. The purpose of this study is to determine the corrosion and scaling potential of water supply sources of Qom villages. Materials &amp;amp; Methods This cross-sectional study was done in 12 months (from 2011-2012). 100 samples were collected to determine pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), temperature, alkalinity, Calcium hardness and residual chlorine, and water corrosion and scaling have been studied by using Langelier, Ryzner, aggressive and Puckorius indexes. Results: &nbsp;The results illustrate that Qom village water according to the Langelier index equals 1.62 (&plusmn;0.11), according to Rayzner index equals 10.5 (&plusmn;0.17), based on Aggressive index equals 12.035 (&plusmn;0.14) and based on Pokurious index equals 9.92 (&plusmn;0.13) respectively. Comparison of four index&rsquo;s were showed that Water conditions in all villages of Qom is in corrosive range. Conclusions: &nbsp;According to this study, water supply in Qom village is corrosive, one of the effective ways for solves this problem is pH adjustment by lim