EFFECT OF ADSORPTION CONDITIONS ON THE REMOVAL OF LEAD (II) USING SEWAGE SLUDGE AS ADSORBENT MATERIAL

The introduction of more stringent legislation limiting the disposal and use of sewage sludge, combined with an increase in its production and the loss of previously recognized disposal routes, has sparked a search for alternate applications for sewage sludge. The conversion of sludge into adsorbents is one of the promising technologies give a more stable treatment of sludge. In a batch mode adsorption, adsorbent created by recycling sewage sludge was employed as a sustainable and low-cost material to remove pb (II) ions from manufactured polluted aqueous solutions. A laboratory test was done to determine the influence of a variety of operational parameters on Pb (II) adsorption, including the acidic function (pH), absorbent dosage, agitation speed, agitation period, and initial   concentration at room temperature. The maximum removal efficiency was 88.2 % at optimum factors pH=4, agitation time =250 rpm, agitation time=180 min, adsorbent dose=1.5 g and initial concentration=50 (mg/l). In this way sewage sludge, which pollutes the environment and is costly to treat, may be disposed of in a useful and economic way to achieve the lowest pb (II) concentration level

Removal of Blue 56 by Orange Peel from the Waste Water

The use of orange peel as low-cost and eco-friendly adsorbents has been investigated as an ideal alternative to the current expensive methods of removing dyes from wastewater. This paper concerns with the removal of Blue 56 from aqueous solutions by orange peel. The effects of pH, initial concentration, adsorbent dosage, and particle size of adsorbent, temperature and also isotherm data analysis and adsorption kinetics were investigated. A maximum removal of 96.76% was obtained at pH 2.5 for an adsorbent dose of 0.2 mg. Rate of adsorption was found to conform to pseudo-second-order kinetics with a good correlation (R2=0.99). The maximumadsorption capacity obtained from Langmuir equation was9.69 (mgg-1).</div

Removal of Blue 56 by Orange Peel from the Waste Water

<div style="mso-element: para-border-div; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 1.0pt 0cm 1.0pt 0cm;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; border: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm; mso-padding-alt: 1.0pt 0cm 1.0pt 0cm;"><span style="font-size: 9.5pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">The use of orange peel as low-cost and eco-friendly adsorbents has been investigated as an ideal alternative to the current expensive methods of removing dyes from wastewater. This paper concerns with the removal of Blue 56 from aqueous solutions by orange peel. The effects of pH</span><span style="font-size: 9.5pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">,</span><span style="font-size: 9.5pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> initial concentration,<strong> </strong>adsorbent dosage, and particle size of adsorbent, temperature and also isotherm data analysis and adsorption<em> </em>kinetics were investigated. A maximum removal of 96.76% was obtained at pH 2.5 for an adsorbent dose of 0.2 mg</span><span style="font-size: 9.5pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">. Rate of adsorption was found to conform to pseudo-second-order kinetics with a good correlation (</span><span style="font-size: 9.5pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">R</span>^{<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">2</span>}<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">=0.99). The maximum</span><span style="font-size: 9.5pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">adsorption capacity obtained from Langmuir equation was</span><span style="font-size: 9.5pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">9.69 (mgg^-1).</span></p></div

Laboratory Diagnostic Methods and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli Strains: An Evolving Human Health Challenge

Raw ground meat is known as a transmission vehicle for biological agents that may be harmful to human health. The objective of the present study was to assess microbiological quality of the ground meats. A total of 280 samples of local and imported chilled meats were randomly collected from retail shops in Buraydah City, Saudi Arabia. The meat samples were microbiologically analyzed using standard methods, peptide mass fingerprinting (PMF) technique, MicroScan Walkaway System (MicroScan) and qPCR System. The imported meat was more bacterially contaminated than local meat, with variable contamination degrees of Staphylococcus aureus (40.33%), Escherichia coli (36.13%), Hafnia alvei (7.56%), Pseudomonas spp. (6.72%), Salmonella spp. (5.88%) and Aeromonas spp. (3.36%). PMF verified all the isolated bacteria by 100%, compared to 75&ndash;95% achieved by MicroScan. The gene encoding flagellin (fliC) was recognized in 67.44% of E. coli strains, while the thermonuclease (nuc) and methicillin resistance (mecA) genes were detected in 100% S. aureus and 39.6% of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains, respectively. The S. aureus and E. coli strains were highly resistant to multiple antibiotics (e.g., ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and cephalothin). For identifying various foodborne pathogens, PMF has been recognized as a powerful and precise analytical method. In light of the increasing use of PMF to detect multidrug-resistant bacteria, this study emphasizes the need for improved ways of treating and preventing pathogens, as well as setting up monitoring systems to guarantee hygiene and safety in meat production