Comparative examination of teachers' educational role and method in the teaching-learning process from the perspective of John Dewey and Abu Ali Sina

The Teaching-Learning process is a complex, widespread and time consuming task. To this end, the first step is to determine objectives we intend to reach and reaching these objectives necessitates using methods. Awareness of methodologies and objectives in the teaching process and specifically the educational role and method of teacher in the Teaching-Learning process requires understanding the opinions of renowned instructors and philosophers and scholars. Hence, the aim of the present research was to investigate the Teachers' educational role and methodologies in the Teaching-Learning process from the perspective of John Dewey and Abu Ali Sina. Here, in this research, first the educational role of the teacher in the Teaching-Learning process is expressed from the view of John Dewey and Abu Ali Sina and then, the educational objectives and methodologies of these two philosophers are put into discussion. The Dewey and Sina's educational objectives from the view of the teacher and its impacts on the society and the people under instruction have been examined. Later, by investigating similarities and differences of objectives and methods of the teachers' roles in the Teaching-Learning process by Dewey and Sina, we conclude that both philosophers consider the most significant and primary objectives of the teachers' educational role in the process of teaching as observing individual differences, group training and teaching based on tendencies and talents and interests of students. Meantime, these are the most important goals of the teachers in the Teaching-Learning process which these two philosophers share

Exploring society responsibilities in promoting Islamic ethics standards

ABSTRACT This research was aimed at exploring society responsibilities in promoting Islamic ethics standards and has been pathologically formulated to institutionalize what the existential nature and identity-orientedness is with regards to men and women' responsibilities and also those of the Islamic government separately. Attempts have been made to explain why the bases of moral virtues in the Koran which are worship, justice and righteousness have been observed. Later, the research refers to guidelines for reaching and fulfillment of moral standards in the society and specifically from a sociological point of view. The results found indicated that moral perfection could through man's psychological innate and bound and strong religious basis bring about some exhilarating moral standards within the existence, conscience and essence of humans. The man's perfection and superiority is instituted in regard to the knowledge of identity and understanding inner values and the goal of creation of humans

[Photograph 2012.201.B1100.0457]

Photograph used for a newspaper owned by the Oklahoma Publishing Company

The Effect of Rentier Economy on the Urban Space Organization with an Emphasis on Malls and Large Business Spaces (Case Study: 1st and 5th Districts of Tehran)

In the backdrop of a rentier economy, the malls connect the place to the global production network, increase consumerism and rent-seeking through improper locationing. Malls have been described as “urban spaces”,“enterprise-oriented spaces”,“a space for consumerism”,“a physical space for loitering”,“space of the simulacrum”,??”profitable and alien spaces with the structure of a pan option”, and “a new public space”. The metropolitan space of Tehran has become a commodity for the goals of the rentier and speculative economy because of the “disembedded” capitalist system, land rent and density sale combined with construction of malls and real estate bourgeoisie. The manifestations of this rentier economy can be analyzed in the economic, physical, environmental, social, and political-management structures. In this research, Districts 1 and 5 have greatly been affected by the flow and relations of rentier economy, especially the real estate bourgeoisie, and have had the most spatial changes in Tehran metropolis in terms of construction of malls and their locationing. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used for SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) analysis. SWOT-AHP model was used to describe the goals and strategies. The final result of the evaluation of internal and external factors indicates that the most important strategies for the organization of urban spaces with the approach of human-oriented cities is to locate malls outside the cities, to reduce land and housing rents, to prevent the locationing of malls based on “land rent”, to protect human-oriented spaces, and to avoid the destruction of local economy through brandism which is promoted by malls