Analysis of antigen conservation and inactivation of gamma-irradiated avian influenza virus subtype H9N2

Avian influenza (AI) A subtype H9N2 virus belongs to Orthomyxoviridae family and causes low-pathogenic disease AI. The use of gamma-irradiated viral antigens has been developed in the production of effective vaccines. In this research, LPAIV H9N2 strain, A/Chicken/IRN/Ghazvin/2001, was multiplied on SPF eggs and irradiated by a Nordian gamma cell instrument. Irradiated and non-irradiated AI virus (AIV) samples were titrated by EID50 method and hemagglutinin (HA) antigen was analyzed by HA test as the WHO pattern method. Infectivity of irradiated virus was determined by egg inoculation method during four blind cultures. The results showed that after increasing the dose of gamma radiation, virus titer gradually decreased. D10 value and optimum dose for complete virus inactivation were calculated by dose/response curve, 3.36 and 29.52 kGy, respectively. In addition, HA antigenicity of gamma-irradiated virus samples from 0 to 30 kGy was not changed. The results of safety test for gamma-irradiated AIV samples showed complete inactivation with gamma ray doses 30 and 35 kGy, without any multiplication on eggs after four blind cultures. According to the results of HA antigen assay and safety test, the gamma-irradiated and complete inactivated AIV subtype H9N2 is a good candidate as an inactivated immunogenic agent for poultry vaccination

FMD virus type Asia-1 irradiated vaccine and evaluation of immune response on guinea-pig model

Introduction: Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) is the most contagious disease in cloven-hoofed animals which causes a lot of economical losses. FMD virus belongs to Picornaviridae family and Aphthovirus genus. The aim of the study is evaluation of humoral and cellular immune responses triggered by a Gamma-irradiated FMD vaccine in the guinea-pig model. Materials and Methods: FMD virus type Asia-1 was multiplied on BHK21 cell line and irradiated by gamma ray in different doses. According  to dose/survival curve, D10 value and optimum dose of virus inactivation were calculated 7.69 and 50 kGy, respectively. Antigenic characteristic of irradiated and un-irradiated virus samples were evaluated by complement fixation test (CF test) and safety test was done by four blind passages cell culture on IBRS2 cell line. The inactivated virus sample was formulated as Radio- vaccine and immune responses were evaluated in three groups of ginea-pigs; the first group Radio-vaccine, the second group conventional vaccine and the last one was negative control. Results: The results of neutralizing antibody titration for two vaccinated groups were significant (

Evaluation of [ 67 Ga]Citrate in The Detection of Various Microorganism Infections in Animal Models

ABSTRACT Introduction: Gallium-67 citrate has been known as a good infection agent in nuclear medicine for decades. In this work the value of 67 Ga-citrate has been investigated in infected animal models using SPECT imaging at optimized/standardized conditions. Methods: The bacterial (Staphylococcus aureus; S.a. and Escherichia coli; E.c.) and fungal (Candidae albicans; C.a.) species from standard sources were cultured according to the standard procedures and wild-type NMRI rats were inoculated by the injection of 5x10 7 microorganisms (MO) into their thighs and animals incubated for infection site formation for 2 and 3 days followed by iv injection of freshly prepare

Immune Response of Gamma-Irradiated Inactivated Bivalent Polio Vaccine Prepared plus Trehalose as a Protein Stabilizer in a Mouse Model

INTRODUCTION: Poliovirus causes paralysis by infecting the nervous system. Currently, 2 types of polio vaccine are given in many countries in polio eradication program including inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) and oral polio vaccine (OPV). Because of OPV-related paralysis, OPV should be replaced by IPV. METHODS: The aim of this study was to prepare the gamma-irradiated IPV and determine its effectiveness compared with the commercial vaccine (OPV) in the mouse model. The virus titration of OPV was determined and then inactivated by the appropriate dose of gamma radiation into an irradiated vaccine formula. The vaccine was inoculated in BALB/c mice in 2 different formulations of intramuscular injection with 2-week intervals. The level of anti-polio-neutralizing antibody and polio-specific splenocyte proliferation assay were evaluated by collecting the blood samples and spleens of the vaccinated groups with conventional vaccine and irradiated vaccine. RESULTS: There was a significant increase in the neutralizing antibody titration between all of the vaccinated groups and negative control group (A) (p \u3c 0.05). And it shows that the IPV by gamma irradiation has the highest antibody titration. Also, the increasing of stimulation index value in the B* group, F group, and G group was the most against other groups. Furthermore, the neutralizing anti-serum titer and splenic lymphocyte proliferation assay show humoral and cellular immunity were significantly increased in the irradiated vaccine group as compared with conventional group. CONCLUSION: According to the results, gamma-irradiated IPV could induce humoral and cellular immunity in vaccinated mouse groups, so the irradiated poliovirus could be recommended as a good candidate vaccine to prevent the transport of poliovirus to the central nervous system and thus protect against paralysis