Food texture as affected by ohmic heating: Mechanisms involved, recent findings, benefits, and limitations

peer-reviewedBackground: Food texture is an important quality characteristic that affects sensory perception and consumer satisfaction. Thermal processing applies to food material for several reasons including palatability improvement and shelf life extension. Ohmic heating is an energy- and time-saving technique that was previously proposed as an alternative to conventional heating methods in the food industry. Scope and approach: Investigating the effects of ohmic processes on food quality parameters, such as texture, is an important step towards the industrial adaptation of ohmic heating technology. This review focuses specifically on the effects of ohmic heating on food texture and tries to elucidate the mechanisms behind the changes in textural attributes during an ohmic process as compared to the classical heating method. Key findings and conclusions: Achieving a predefined product texture in a shorter time and the uniformity of product texture are among the benefits of ohmic heating. However, several challenges (e.g. the possibility of negative effects on the chemical composition of the product and high capital investment) should be addressed for the industrial adoption of this emerging technology

Materials properties and tableting of fruit powders

The tableting of fruit powders is gaining popularity due to conveniences in its use, storage, transportation, and product formulation. Food powders are generally cohesive in nature, and their compressibility is highly correlated with the material properties of the powder. Here, the material properties of fruit powders and their respective compressibilities in relation to powder type, drying technique and their operating parameters, portion of the fruit used to produce the fruit powder, and drying aids are discussed. Among the material properties analyzed, moisture content, water activity, particle density, particle size and shape, and powder surface properties are identified as vital properties that highly influence the tableting behavior of fruit powders. The Kawakita and Lüdde model and Heckel equation are widely studied to describe the compressibility and compactibility of fruit powders. A four-parameter model fits the sigmoidal compression data of food powders well

Food storage : changes to the protein component

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Postharvest nitric oxide treatment of persimmon (

Introduction. The effects of nitric oxide (NO) on postharvest ripening of persimmon were investigated. Materials and methods. Fruit were dipped for 30 min in 1.0 and 1.5 mM sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a nitric oxide donor, and stored at 1 °C and 90% relative humidity for 56 days. Changes in total antioxidant activity, total phenol compounds, color, firmness, soluble tannins and weight loss were evaluated. Results and discussion. The results showed that fruit ripening was significantly delayed by SNP. Application of 1.0 and 1.5 mM SNP delayed weight loss and retained greater total antioxidant activity, total phenolic compounds and firmness compared to the control treatments. No significant differences were observed between the two concentrations of SNP. Conclusion. These results demonstrated that postharvest NO application has potential to delay ripening and maintain quality of harvested persimmon fruit

Emerging Non-Thermal Food Processing Technologies: Editorial Overview

According to the statistics, there is a strong consumer trend towards high-quality and healthy foods with “fresh-like” characteristics [...

Editorial Overview on Emerging Thermal Food Processing Technologies

In many cases, thermal processing technologies are necessary to provide safe food products [...

Bioactive Variability and In Vitro and In Vivo Antioxidant Activity of Unprocessed and Processed Flour of Nine Cultivars of Australian lupin Species: A Comprehensive Substantiation

The aim of this present investigation was to analyze bioactive compounds, as well as demonstrate the antioxidant activities of nine cultivars of Australian lupin species accompanied by observing the effect of domestic heat processing on their antioxidant activities adopting in vivo and in vitro approaches. Gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis was performed for profiling bioactive compounds present in lupin cultivars. Multiple assay techniques involving quantification of polyphenolics, flavonoids and flavonol, electron transfer (ET) based assay, hydrogen atom transfer (HAT)-based assay and in vivo assays were performed. The major compounds found were hexadecanoic acid methyl ester, 9,12-octadecadienoic acid methyl ester, methyl stearate, lupanine,13-docosenamide and 11-octadecenoic acid (Z)- methyl ester. Mandelup was found to show excellent antioxidant activity. Moreover, Jurien, Gunyidi and Barlock had strong antioxidant activity. Both positive and negative impacts of heat processing were observed on antioxidant activity. Heating and usage of excess water during processing were the key determinants of loss of antioxidants. Negligible loss of antioxidant activity was observed in most of the assays whereas inhibition of both lipid peroxidation (33.53%) and hemolysis of erythrocytes (37.75%) were increased after processing. In addition, in vitro and in vivo antioxidant assays are found to show statistically significant (* p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01) results, which are supported by the presence of a number of antioxidant compounds in GC-MS analysis