An example of the phase coherence of the left and right prefrontal Delta [HbO₂] oscillations, and the mean and two standard deviations of AAFT surrogate signals.

<p>(A) Raw time series of a Delta [HbO₂] signal. (B) The solid line shows the wavelet phase coherence of two Delta [HbO₂] signals. The dashed line and the dotted line show the mean and two standard deviations above the mean for the coherence calculated from 100 AAFT surrogate signals, respectively. In (B), the vertical lines indicate the outer limits of the frequency intervals: I (0.6–2 Hz), II (0.145–0.6 Hz), III (0.052–0.145 Hz), IV (0.021–0.052 Hz), V (0.0095–0.021 Hz), and VI (0.005–0.0095 Hz).</p

Chemoselective N‑Heterocyclic Carbene-Catalyzed Cascade of Enals with Nitroalkenes

An unprecedented N-heterocyclic carbene catalyzed chemoselective and enantioselective cascade reaction of enals with nitroalkenes has been developed. A wide range of enantioenriched dihydrocoumarins has been prepared, and the reaction goes through an enolate intermediate generated under a catalytic process

Comparison of accuracy rate between groups A and B.

<p>Significant difference is marked with *p<0.05 between the two groups.</p

Comparison of reaction time between groups A and B.

<p>Significant difference is marked with *p<0.05 between the two groups.</p

The interface of the cognitive task when operating.

<p>The interface of the cognitive task when operating.</p

Comparison of subjective scores between two groups using VAS.

<p>Significant differences are marked with *p<0.05 between the two groups. “0” represents the worst, and “10” represents the best in alertness, flexibility, comfort, and excitement; “0” represents no pain, and “10” represents sharp pain; “0” represents no fatigue, and “10” represents severe fatigue.</p

Comparison of F₁ score between groups A and B.

<p>Significant difference is marked with *p<0.05 between the two groups.</p

Basic information of the experimental subjects.

<p>Basic information of the experimental subjects.</p

An example of plot of WPCO of the Delta [HbO₂] signals measured from the left and right prefrontal lobes in group A from a subject during rest, task, and post-task periods.

<p>The black line shows the WPCO of two Delta [HbO₂] signals during the rest period in group A. The red line shows the WPCO of two Delta [HbO₂] signals during the task period in group A. The blue line shows the WPCO of two Delta [HbO₂] signals during the task period in group A.</p

WPCO comparison in six frequency intervals in task between groups A and B.

<p>Significant differences are marked with *p<0.05 between the two groups. Frequency intervals: I (0.6–2 Hz); II (0.145–0.6 Hz); III (0.052–0.145 Hz); IV (0.021–0.052 Hz); V (0.0095–0.021 Hz); and VI (0.005–0.0095 Hz).</p