Novel octopus shaped organic-inorganic composite membranes for PEMFCs

© 2016 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC.Phosphoric acid doped polybenzimidazoles are among the most interesting proton exchange membrane materials for high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell applications. As a major challenge the proton conducting decline due to free phosphoric acid leaching during the long term fuel cell operation is addressed by fixing overmuch phosphoric acid in the polymer matrix. Novel organic-inorganic composite membranes are prepared via in situ synthesis of poly(2,5-benzimidazole) (ABPBI) and OctaAmmonium POSS (AM-POSS) hybrid composites (ABPBI/AM-POSS) following phosphoric acid doping and membrane casting procedures. Compared with the pristine ABPBI membrane, the introduction of AM-POSS into ABPBI polymer membrane caused water and phosphoric acid absorbilities increasing dramatically, resulting in the significant increase of proton conductivities at whether hydrous or anhydrous condition. ABPBI/3AM composite membranes with phosphoric acid uptake above 250% showed best proton conductivities from room temperature to 160 °C, indicating these composite membranes could be excellent candidates as a polymer electrolyte membrane for low and intermediate temperature applications

The profile plot for the four-class model for Grade 4 (n = 712).

<p>The profile plot for the four-class model for Grade 4 (n = 712).</p

A latent transition analysis of bullying and victimization in Chinese primary school students

<div><p>Bullying is a social phenomenon that impacts a large number of children and young people, worldwide. This study aimed to longitudinally examine the development of bullying and victimization in Chinese students in grades 4, 5, and 6. We used latent class analysis to empirically identify groups of youth with different bullying and victimization patterns, and then used latent transition analysis to explore the movement of children between these latent classes over time. Results showed that: (1) across the three time points, students could be classified into four classes: bullies, victims, bully-victims, and non-involved children; and (2) students in the non-involved class tended to remain in that class when moving to higher grades, students in the bully and victims classes tended to transition to the non-involved class, while students in the bully-victims class tended to transition to the bullies class. Thus, future intervention should be implemented to prevent bully-victims from bullying behaviors.</p></div

Palladium-Catalyzed Direct Alkenylation of 2‑Oxazolones: An Entry to 3,4,5-Trisubstituted 2‑Oxazolones

Described herein is a novel method for the synthesis of 3,4,5-trisubstituted 2-oxazolones featuring the first Pd-catalyzed dehydrogenative alkenylation of 2-oxazolones, which is realized by employing 10 mol % of Pd­(OAc)₂ as the catalyst and the use of readily available Cu­(OAc)₂ as the oxidant. A wide range of functional groups, such as F, Cl, Br, OMe, ester, ketone, amide, alkyl, and aryl substituents, are found to be compatible under the reaction conditions. The utilization of the C–H functionalization strategy provides a straightforward, convenient, and highly atom-economical approach for the construction of 3,4,5-trisubstituted 2-oxazolones. It is worth noting that the 4-alkenyl 2-oxazolones can be smoothly converted into naphtho­[1,2-<i>d</i>]­oxazol-2-ones via a photochemical transformation

Model fit indices derived from LCA with 1–5 classes.

<p>Model fit indices derived from LCA with 1–5 classes.</p

The profile plot for the four-class model for Grade 5 (n = 669).

<p>The profile plot for the four-class model for Grade 5 (n = 669).</p

The profile plot for the four-class model for Grade 6 (n = 685).

<p>The profile plot for the four-class model for Grade 6 (n = 685).</p

Palladium-Catalyzed Direct Alkenylation of 2‑Oxazolones: An Entry to 3,4,5-Trisubstituted 2‑Oxazolones

Described herein is a novel method for the synthesis of 3,4,5-trisubstituted 2-oxazolones featuring the first Pd-catalyzed dehydrogenative alkenylation of 2-oxazolones, which is realized by employing 10 mol % of Pd­(OAc)₂ as the catalyst and the use of readily available Cu­(OAc)₂ as the oxidant. A wide range of functional groups, such as F, Cl, Br, OMe, ester, ketone, amide, alkyl, and aryl substituents, are found to be compatible under the reaction conditions. The utilization of the C–H functionalization strategy provides a straightforward, convenient, and highly atom-economical approach for the construction of 3,4,5-trisubstituted 2-oxazolones. It is worth noting that the 4-alkenyl 2-oxazolones can be smoothly converted into naphtho­[1,2-<i>d</i>]­oxazol-2-ones via a photochemical transformation

Supplemental Material - Confidence Screening Detector: A New Method for Detecting Test Collusion

Supplementary Material for Confidence Screening Detector: A New Method for Detecting Test Collusion by Yongze Xu, Ying Cui, Xinyi Wang, and Fang Luo in Applied Psychological Measurement.</p

<b>Supplemental Material - Projections from infralimbic medial prefrontal cortex glutamatergic outputs to amygdala mediates opioid induced hyperalgesia in male rats</b>

Supplemental Material for Projections from infralimbic medial prefrontal cortex glutamatergic outputs to amygdala mediates opioid induced hyperalgesia in male rats by Ling-Ling Cui, Xi-Xi Wang, Han Liu, Fang Luo and Chen-Hong Li in Molecular Pain.</p