Model Calibration With Censored Data

<p>The purpose of model calibration is to make the model predictions closer to reality. The classical Kennedy–O’Hagan approach is widely used for model calibration, which can account for the inadequacy of the computer model while simultaneously estimating the unknown calibration parameters. In many applications, the phenomenon of censoring occurs when the exact outcome of the physical experiment is not observed, but is only known to fall within a certain region. In such cases, the Kennedy–O’Hagan approach cannot be used directly, and we propose a method to incorporate the censoring information when performing model calibration. The method is applied to study the compression phenomenon of liquid inside a bottle. The results show significant improvement over the traditional calibration methods, especially when the number of censored observations is large. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.</p

MMP-9 Activity.

<p>(A) MMP-9 activity in the ischemic zone of the rat brain was determined by gelatin zymography. (B) Densitometric analysis. Values are expressed as means±SDs (n = 5 per group; *<i>P</i><0.05 versus the sham group, **<i>P</i><0.01 versus the sham group; #<i>P</i><0.05 versus the I/R group, and ##<i>P</i><0.01 versus the I/R group).</p

Schematic of Experimental Protocol.

<p>Schematic of Experimental Protocol.</p

ApoE, MMP-9, Claudin-5, and Occludin Protein Expression.

<p>(A) ApoE (B) MMP-9, (C) claudin-5, and (D) occludin protein expression levels in the ischemic zone of the rat brain were determined by Western blotting and densitometric analysis with β-actin used as an internal control. Values are expressed as means±SDs (n = 5 per group; *<i>P</i><0.05 versus the sham group, **<i>P</i><0.01 versus the sham group; #<i>P</i><0.05 versus the I/R group, and ##<i>P</i><0.01 versus the I/R group).</p

MMP-9 mRNA Expression.

<p>MMP-9 mRNA expression level in the ischemic zone of the rat brain was determined by RT-PCR with β-actin used as an internal control. (B) Densitometric analysis. Values are expressed as means±SDs (n = 5 per group; *<i>P</i><0.05 versus the sham group, **<i>P</i><0.01 versus the sham group; #<i>P</i><0.05 versus the I/R group, and ##<i>P</i><0.01 versus the I/R group).</p

Evans Blue (EB) Method.

<p>Increased EB content in brain tissue confirms increased BBB permeability post-I/R. Values are expressed in μg/g as means±SDs (n = 5 per group; *<i>P</i><0.05 versus the sham group, **<i>P</i><0.01 versus the sham group; #<i>P</i><0.05 versus the I/R group, and ##<i>P</i><0.01 versus the I/R group).</p

Additional file 4 of Upregulation of mir-1199-5p is associated with reduced type 2 5-α reductase expression in benign prostatic hyperplasia

Supplementary Material

Additional file 6 of Upregulation of mir-1199-5p is associated with reduced type 2 5-α reductase expression in benign prostatic hyperplasia

Supplementary Material

Additional file 7 of Upregulation of mir-1199-5p is associated with reduced type 2 5-α reductase expression in benign prostatic hyperplasia

Supplementary Material

Additional file 3 of Upregulation of mir-1199-5p is associated with reduced type 2 5-α reductase expression in benign prostatic hyperplasia

Supplementary Material