Circulating Lysophosphatidylcholines in Early Pregnancy and Risk of Gestational Diabetes in Chinese Women.

ObjectivesThis study aimed to explore associations of lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs) in early pregnancy with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and whether LPCs mediated the associations of bile acids with GDM risk or had interactive effects with bile acids on GDM risk.DesignWe conducted a 1:1 nested case-control study (n = 486) from a large prospective pregnant women cohort in urban Tianjin, China. Blood samples were collected at their first antenatal care visit (median at 10th gestational week). LPCs were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis. Conditional binary logistic regression and restricted cubic spline analysis were used to identify cutoff points of these metabolites for GDM risk.ResultsOf the 6 detectable LPCs, LPC14:0 less than 0.24 nmol/mL, LPC15:0 at 0.45 nmol/mL or greater, and LPC18:0 at 18.00 nmol/mL or greater were independently associated with GDM risk. Adjustment for LPC18:0 slightly attenuated odds ratios (ORs) of deoxycholic acid (DCA, ≤ 0.36 nmol/mL) and glycoursodeoxycholic acid (GUDCA, ≤ 0.07 nmol/mL) for GDM, and the correlations of DCA and GUDCA with LPC18:0 were weak. However, the presence of DCA at 0.36 nmol/mL or less greatly amplified the adjusted OR of LPC18:0 at 18.00 nmol/mL or greater alone for GDM from 8.18 (2.51-26.7) up to 17.7 (6.64-47.1), with significant additive interaction. Similarly, the presence of GUDCA at 0.07 nmol/mL or less also greatly amplified the adjusted OR of LPC18:0 at 18.00 nmol/mL or greater alone for GDM from 17.2 (1.77-168) up to 73.8 (12.7-429), with significant additive interaction.ConclusionsLPCs in early pregnancy were associated with GDM risk. Low DCA or GUDCA greatly amplified the effect of high LPC18:0 on GDM, and its molecular mechanism is worth further investigations

Dietary patterns and risk for gastric cancer: A case-control study in residents of the Huaihe River Basin, China

AimEvidence linking dietary patterns and the risk of gastric cancer was limited, especially in Chinese populations. This study aimed to explore the association between dietary patterns and the risk of gastric cancer in residents of the Huaihe River Basin, China.MethodsThe association between dietary patterns and the risk of gastric cancer was investigated through a case-control study. Dietary patterns were identified with factor analysis based on responses to a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Gastric cancer was diagnosed according to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD 10). Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated across the tertiles of dietary pattern scores using unconditional logistic regression models.ResultsA total of 2,468 participants were included in this study. Six main dietary patterns were extracted, and those patterns explained 57.09% of the total variation in food intake. After adjusting for demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, individual disease history, family history of cancer and Helicobacter. Pylori (H. pylori) infection, comparing the highest with the lowest tertiles of dietary pattern scores, the multivariable ORs (95% CIs) were 0.786 (0.488, 1.265; Ptrend < 0.001) for the flavors, garlic and protein pattern, 2.133 (1.299, 3.502; Ptrend < 0.001) for the fast food pattern, 1.050 (0.682, 1.617; Ptrend < 0.001) for the vegetable and fruit pattern, 0.919 (0.659, 1.282; Ptrend < 0.001) for the pickled food, processed meat products and soy products pattern, 1.149 (0.804, 1.642; Ptrend < 0.001) for the non-staple food pattern and 0.690 (0.481, 0.989; Ptrend < 0.001) for the coffee and dairy pattern.ConclusionsThe specific dietary patterns were associated with the risk of gastric cancer. This study has implications for the prevention of gastric cancer

Composite Nanofibers as Novel Sorbents for On-Line and Off-Line Solid-Phase Extraction in Chromatographic System: A Comparison for Detection of Free Biogenic Monoamines and Their Metabolites in Plasma

Two different pretreatment approaches have been used for the enrichment and separation of biogenic monoamines and metabolites in plasma for high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) determination. The first approach, based on on-line packed-fiber solid-phase extraction (PFSPE) coupled with HPLC, allows for the simultaneous detection of epinephrine (E), norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), 3-methoxyl epinephrine (MN), norepinephrine (NMN), 3-methoxytyramine (3-MT), and 5-hydroxytryptamin (5-HT). Using this developed on-line PFSPE–HPLC method, the limit of detections (LODs) of the seven analytes ranged from 1 ng/mL (NMN and MN) to 2 ng/mL (NE, E, DA, 3-MT and 5-HT). The reportable ranges were 5–300 ng/mL for NE and DA, 5–100 ng/mL for E, and 5–200 ng/mL for NMN, MN, 3-MT and 5-HT. The off-line PFSPE–HPLC was employed in the second approach and could provide simultaneous detection of NE, E, DA, NMN, and MN. The linearity was verified in the range of 0.5–20 ng/mL (NE, E, and DA) and 20–250 ng/mL (NMN and MN). The LODs of the five analytes ranged from 0.2 ng/mL (NE, E, and DA) to 5 ng/mL (NMN and MN). This study verified the possibility of using nanofibers as an adsorbent in an on-line PFSPE–HPLC system for the determination of biogenic monoamines and their metabolites in human plasma. Compared with the off-line PFSPE approach, the on-line PFSPE method deserves attention mainly due to its greener character, derived from the automation of the process and high-throughput with less operators’ handling

Effect of Dietary Salt Intake on Risk of Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Case-Control Studies

Aim: The effect of dietary salt intake on the risk of gastric cancer is not clear. A meta-analysis was performed to estimate the association between dietary salt intake and the risk of gastric cancer. Methods: Three major databases were searched to retrieve case-control studies published in English before 1 July 2022. Random effects model analysis was used to obtain the pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the association between dietary salt intake and risk of gastric cancer. Subgroup analyses were used to identify possible sources of heterogeneity. Results: Thirty-eight case-control studies were included in this meta-analysis (total population: n = 37,225). The pooled ORs showed a significantly positive association between high salt intake and gastric cancer compared with low salt intake (OR = 1.55, 95% CI (1.45, 1.64); p < 0.001). In subgroup meta-analysis for geographic region, estimation method for dietary salt intake and the source of controls, this association was not changed. Conclusion: Higher dietary salt intake increased the risk of gastric cancer. This study has implications for the prevention of gastric cancer

Electrospun Polycrown Ether Composite Nanofibers as an Adsorbent for On-Line Solid Phase Extraction of Eight Bisphenols from Drinking Water Samples with Column-Switching Prior to High Performance Liquid Chromatography

Bisphenols (BPs) are a class of endocrine disruptors widely existing in the environment. They have a great impact on human health owing to their environmental endocrine disrupting effects, chronic toxicity, neurotoxicity, cytotoxicity and genetic toxicity. In this paper, an on-line packed fiber solid phase extraction (PFSPE) coupling with column-switching HPLC-FLD determination method was developed for the determination of eight BPs in drinking water. The poly (dibenzo-18-crown-6-ether)/polystyrene composite nanofibers (PDB18C6/PS) were prepared by electrospinning and used as an adsorbent for the on-line PFSPE column. The on-line PFSPE-HPLC equipment contained a dual ternary pump and a switching valve to enable enrichment, purification, and analysis directly in the system. The results showed that the proposed on-line PFSPE-HPLC-FLD method realized the simultaneous separation and detection of eight BPs: BPF, BPE, BPA, BPB, BPAF, BPAP, BPC and BPZ. The curves of the target analytes were prepared with good correlation coefficient values (r2 > 0.998) in the range of 50–1000 pg/mL. The limit of detection (S/N = 3) was 20 pg/mL, the limit of quantitation (S/N = 10) is 50 pg/mL. The recoveries of eight BPs were 94.8–127.3%, and the intra-day precisions (RSD) were less than 10%. The PFSPE column made of the PDB18C6/PS composite nanofibers has stable properties and can be reused at least 200 times. In the detection of drinking water samples, BPZ was detected in nearly 80% of drinking water samples, and BPA, BPAP, BPF and BPAF were also detected in some water samples. This high level of integration and automation was achieved in pretreatment of eight BPs from water samples. The proposed simple, rapid, and practical method has been successfully applied to the detection of eight BPs in drinking water, which can provide powerful technical support for drinking water quality and safety monitoring

A dried blood spot mass spectrometry metabolomic approach for rapid breast cancer detection

Objective: Breast cancer (BC) is still a lethal threat to women worldwide. An accurate screening and diagnosis strategy performed in an easy-to-operate manner is highly warranted in clinical perspective. Besides the routinely focused protein markers, blood is full of small molecular metabolites with diverse structures and properties. This study aimed to screen metabolite markers with BC diagnosis potentials

Selectivity for inhibition of nilotinib on the catalytic activity of human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases

1. Nilotinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, could potently inhibit SN-38 glucuronidation mainly catalyzed by UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A1. This study was designed to investigate whether nilotinib can be used as a selective inhibitor of UGT1A1 in human liver

Blockchain-Based DNS Root Zone Management Decentralization for Internet of Things

Domain Name System (DNS) is a widely used infrastructure for remote control and batch management of IoT devices. As a critical Internet infrastructure, DNS is structured as a tree-like hierarchy with single root zone authority at the top, which puts the operation of DNS at risk from single point of failure. The current root zone management is lack of transparency and accountability, since only the root zone file is published as the final outcome of operations inside the root zone authority. Towards distributed root zone operation in DNS, this paper presents a blockchain-based root operation architecture—RootChain, composed of multiple root servers. On the basis of maintaining the single root authority for top-level domain (TLD), RootChain decentralizes TLD data publication by empowering delegated TLD authorities to publish authenticated data directly. The transparency and accountability of root zone operation are attained by smart-contracting the whole life cycle of TLD operation and logging all operations on the chain. RootChain is transparent to recursive/stub resolver and DNS/DNSSEC-compatible. A proof-of-concept prototype of RootChain has been implemented with Hyperledger Fabric and evaluated by experiments