883 research outputs found
Understanding Older Adults' Perceptions and Challenges in Using AI-enabled Everyday Technologies
Artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled everyday technologies could help address
age-related challenges like physical impairments and cognitive decline. While
recent research studied older adults' experiences with specific AI-enabled
products (e.g., conversational agents and assistive robots), it remains unknown
how older adults perceive and experience current AI-enabled everyday
technologies in general, which could impact their adoption of future AI-enabled
products. We conducted a survey study (N=41) and semi-structured interviews
(N=15) with older adults to understand their experiences and perceptions of AI.
We found that older adults were enthusiastic about learning and using
AI-enabled products, but they lacked learning avenues. Additionally, they
worried when AI-enabled products outwitted their expectations, intruded on
their privacy, or impacted their decision-making skills. Therefore, they held
mixed views towards AI-enabled products such as AI, an aid, or an adversary. We
conclude with design recommendations that make older adults feel inclusive,
secure, and in control of their interactions with AI-enabled products.Comment: The Tenth International Symposium of Chinese CHI (Chinese CHI 2022
Multiple Scale Impacts of Nomad Settlement on Social-Ecological Systems
There are complex interactions and feedback mechanisms between human and natural systems within the coupled social-ecological systems (SESs) (Liu et al. 2007, Li and Li 2012). Human society is the major driving force that changes ecosystem dynamics from local environments to the biosphere (Liu et al. 2007, Kirch 2005). Grasslands, especially the vulnerable arid and semi-arid grassland ecosystems upon which pastoralists live and graze livestock, can be considered as SESs; pastoral activities influence the biophysical environment and set up interactions between the components of these systems (Robinson 2009). In recent years, the ecosystem services provided by grasslands and the problem of poverty in grassland communities have attracted increasing attention from governments and society in China. One response has been the Nomad Settlement Projects (NSPs), implemented as a development strategy in pastoral areas to find solutions to the prevailing ecological and social problems. Nomadic people were provided with houses and farmland in some place, and encouraged to settle down and modernize the “backward” pastoralism.
In this paper, we explored the impacts of China’s Nomad Sedentarization Project (NSP) for pastoral areas on coupled social and ecological systems by evaluating the consequences of these projects at different scales (village scale, county scale and catchment scale) undertaken in grassland SESs, including the ecological and social consequences. China\u27s government is now promoting the NSP in large areas of grassland as a solution for ecological restoration and poverty alleviation. To determine the effects of this policy, we conducted in-depth interviews at two of the project\u27s sites and examined the social and ecological systems at village, county, and catchment scales
OperARtistry: An AR-based Interactive Application to Assist the Learning of Chinese Traditional Opera (Xiqu) Makeup
Chinese Traditional Opera (Xiqu) is an important type of intangible cultural
heritage and one key characteristic of Xiqu is its visual effects on face
achieved via makeup. However, Xiqu makeup process, especially the eye-area
makeup process, is complex and time-consuming, which poses a learning challenge
for potential younger inheritors. We introduce OperARtistry, an interactive
application based on Augmented Reality (AR) that offers in-situ Xiqu makeup
guidance for beginners. Our application provides a step-by-step guide for Xiqu
eye-area makeup, incorporating AR effects at each stage. Furthermore, we
conducted an initial user study (n=6) to compare our approach with existing
video-based tutorials to assess the effectiveness and usefulness of our
approach. Our findings show that OperARtisty helped participants achieve
high-quality eye-area makeup effects with less learning time.Comment: 11 pages, 9 figures, In Proceedings of The Eleventh International
Symposium of Chinese CHI (Chinese CHI 2023
Experimental Study on the Influence of KDL Physical and Health Education Curriculum on Primary School Students\u27 Physical Fitness
Physical and Health Education Curriculum (KDL) is a curriculum based on China\u27s Sports and Health Curriculum Standards and China\u27s Health Sports Curriculum Model. This study aims to explore the influence of KDL on primary school students\u27 physical fitness. A total of 91 primary school students participated in this study, including 47 in the experimental group and 44 in the control group. The experiment lasted for 18 weeks. During the experiment, the PE teacher of experimental group used KDL to teach, with specific requirements: (1) The activity time of each class was more than 75%, and the intensity, measured with average heart rates, was above 140-160 beats/min; (2) Each class had about 10 minutes of physical exercise; and (3) each class focused on activities and competitions. The control group was given routine physical education lessons without intervention. Before and after the experiment, both groups participated in physical fitness tests, including 50-meter running, vital capacity, seat forward flexion, and 1-minute rope jumping. SPSS was used to analyze the physical fitness of both groups. Before the experiment, there was no significant difference in physical fitness between the two groups. After the experiment, the experiment group outperformed the control group in the 1-minute rope skipping (t = 10.77, p \u3c 0.05) and exceled in the vital capacity (t = 0.04, p \u3c 0.05). There was no significant difference in other physical fitness tests between the two groups. This study shows that KDL curriculum has a significant positive impact on physical fitness of primary school students, mainly reflected in vital capacity and 1-minute rope skipping. The effect may be related to the high time on task and appropriate intensity advocated by KDL curriculum. We recommend KDL physical curriculum to be promoted in primary and secondary schools
Communication in Immersive Social Virtual Reality: A Systematic Review of 10 Years' Studies
As virtual reality (VR) technologies have improved in the past decade, more
research has investigated how they could support more effective communication
in various contexts to improve collaboration and social connectedness. However,
there was no literature to summarize the uniqueness VR provided and put forward
guidance for designing social VR applications for better communication. To
understand how VR has been designed and used to facilitate communication in
different contexts, we conducted a systematic review of the studies
investigating communication in social VR in the past ten years by following the
PRISMA guidelines. We highlight current practices and challenges and identify
research opportunities to improve the design of social VR to better support
communication and make social VR more accessible.Comment: Chinese CHI '22: The Tenth International Symposium of Chinese CHI
(Chinese CHI 2022
Synapse: Interactive Guidance by Demonstration with Trial-and-Error Support for Older Adults to Use Smartphone Apps
As smartphones are widely adopted, mobile applications (apps) are emerging to
provide critical services such as food delivery and telemedicine. While bring
convenience to everyday life, this trend may create barriers for older adults
who tend to be less tech-savvy than young people. In-person or screen sharing
support is helpful but limited by the help-givers' availability. Video
tutorials can be useful but require users to switch contexts between watching
the tutorial and performing the corresponding actions in the app, which is
cumbersome to do on a mobile phone. Although interactive tutorials have been
shown to be promising, none was designed for older adults. Furthermore, the
trial-and-error approach has been shown to be beneficial for older adults, but
they often lack support to use the approach. Inspired by both interactive
tutorials and trial-and-error approach, we designed an app-independent mobile
service, \textit{Synapse}, for help-givers to create a multimodal interactive
tutorial on a smartphone and for help-receivers (e.g., older adults) to receive
interactive guidance with trial-and-error support when they work on the same
task. We conducted a user study with 18 older adults who were 60 and over. Our
quantitative and qualitative results show that Synapse provided better support
than the traditional video approach and enabled participants to feel more
confident and motivated. Lastly, we present further design considerations to
better support older adults with trial-and-error on smartphones
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