Reflection and Review of General Education Localisation Research in China

Abstract: With the reform of the general education curriculum in China’s higher education, scholars have universally recognized the importance of general education. The exploration of general education has evolved from the study of theory to attention to practice. General education aims to promote the comprehensive development of the quality of college students. However, the foundation of general education during its integration process is relatively weak in varying degrees of ‘the climate does not suit one’ phenomenon. Thus, combining localisation theory and practice of general education and analysing the factors that hinder the localisation process for the development of general education in China should be re-examined.With the reform of the general education curriculum in China’s higher education, scholars have universally recognized the importance of general education. The exploration of general education has evolved from the study of theory of attention to practice. General education aims to promote the comprehensive development of the quality of college students. However, the foundation of general education during its integration process is relatively weak in varying degrees of ‘the climate does not suit one’ phenomenon. Thus, combining localisation theory and practice of general education and analysing the factors that hinder the localisation process for the development of general education in China should be re-examined

Fitting magnetic field gradient with Heisenberg-scaling accuracy

We propose a quantum fitting scheme to estimate the magnetic field gradient with $N$-atom spins preparing in W state, which attains the Heisenberg-scaling accuracy. Our scheme combines the quantum multi-parameter estimation and the least square linear fitting method to achieve the quantum Cram\'{e}r-Rao bound (QCRB). We show that the estimated quantity achieves the Heisenberg-scaling accuracy. In single parameter estimation with assumption that the magnetic field is strictly linear, two optimal measurements can achieve the identical Heisenberg-scaling accuracy. Proper interpretation of the super-Heisenberg-scaling accuracy is presented. The scheme of quantum metrology combined with data fitting provides a new method in fast high precision measurements.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figure

From outside-in to inside-out: galaxy assembly mode depends on stellar mass

In this Letter, we investigate how galaxy mass assembly mode depends on stellar mass $M_{\ast}$, using a large sample of $\sim$10, 000 low redshift galaxies. Our galaxy sample is selected to have SDSS R_{90}>5\arcsec.0, which allows the measures of both the integrated and the central NUV$-r$ color indices. We find that: in the $M_{\ast}-($ NUV$-r$) green valley, the M_{\ast}<10^{10}~M_{\sun} galaxies mostly have positive or flat color gradients, while most of the M_{\ast}>10^{10.5}~M_{\sun} galaxies have negative color gradients. When their central $D_{n}4000$ index values exceed 1.6, the M_{\ast}<10^{10.0}~M_{\sun} galaxies have moved to the UV red sequence, whereas a large fraction of the M_{\ast}>10^{10.5}~M_{\sun} galaxies still lie on the UV blue cloud or the green valley region. We conclude that the main galaxy assembly mode is transiting from "the outside-in" mode to "the inside-out" mode at M_{\ast} 10^{10.5}~M_{\sun}. We argue that the physical origin of this is the compromise between the internal and the external process that driving the star formation quenching in galaxies. These results can be checked with the upcoming large data produced by the on-going IFS survey projects, such as CALIFA, MaNGA and SAMI in the near future.Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJL,6 pages, 5 figure

Large-Time Behavior of the 2D Compressible Navier-Stokes System in Bounded Domains with Large Data and Vacuum

The large time behavior of the unique strong solution to the barotropic compressible Navier-Stokes system is studied with large external forces and initial data, where the shear viscosity is a positive constant and the bulk one is proportional to a power of the density. Some uniform estimates on the Lp-norm of the density are established, and then deduce that the density converges to its steady state in Lp-spaces, which transforms the large external force into a small one in some sense. Moreover, to deal with the obstacles brought by boundary, the conformal mapping and the pull back Green function are applied to give a point-wise representation of the effective viscous flux, and then make use of slip boundary conditions to cancel out the singularity.Comment: 55 page

Minimal sets determining universal and phase-covariant quantum cloning

We study the minimal input sets which can determine completely the universal and the phase-covariant quantum cloning machines. We find that the universal quantum cloning machine, which can copy arbitrary input qubit equally well, however can be determined completely by only four input states located at the four vertices of a tetrahedron. The phase-covariant quantum cloning machine, which can copy all qubits located on the equator of the Bloch sphere, can be determined by three equatorial qubits with equal angular distance. These results sharpen further the well-known results that BB84 states and six-states used in quantum cryptography can determine completely the phase-covariant and universal quantum cloning machines. This concludes the study of the power of universal and phase-covariant quantum cloning, i.e., from minimal input sets necessarily to full input sets by definition. This can simplify dramatically the testing of whether the quantum clone machines are successful or not, we only need to check that the minimal input sets can be cloned optimally.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure