From the breast to the upper jaw: A rare case of metastatic breast cancer

Breast cancer is the commonest malignancy in women globally. Metastasesof advanced breast carcinoma to bones, lungs and liver are well known but spread to maxillary bone presenting as maxillary sinus and palatal swelling is rare. We present a case of advanced breast carcinoma in a female Nigerian with clinical, radiological and histopathological features of lung and right maxillary bone metastases. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of metastatic breast cancer to the lungs and maxilla in Nigeria. The debilitating sequelae of advanced untreated breast carcinoma in a resource limited setting with suboptimal comprehensive cancer care are highlighted. Keywords: Breast cancer; orofacial metastasis; resource limited setting, Nigeri

Dental anxiety, pain, and quality of life among exodontia patients: A cross-sectional study

Introduction: There are few studies on dental anxiety (DA) among patients who are planned for routine dental extraction compared with a plethora of published reports on DA and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in patients undergoing third molar surgery. Aim: This study aims to investigate anxiety level, pain experience and OHRQoL of patients scheduled for routine exodontia at a Nigerian tertiary hospital. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the Oral Surgery clinic of Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria from April to September 2019. DA, pain, and OHRQoL of participants were assessed using Corah's DA Scale (DAS), Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and 14-item oral health impact profile (OHIP-14) questionnaire, respectively. Just before routine exodontia, the demographic variables of the participants were also recorded. Data were analyzed using R version 4.2.2. Results and Discussion: One hundred fifty-nine participants planned for routine exodontia of one or two permanent tooth/teeth with 41.7 ± 19.8 years mean age. The mean DAS score for the study population was 7.9 ± 3.6 (range: 4–18) with the proportion of dentally anxious patients (DAS score ≥13) being 15.1%. The majority (125; 78.6%) reported preexodontia dental pain VAS score of 4–10. Only 22.6% of the participants had their OHRQoL significantly impaired with OHIP-14 score of 29–56. Conclusion: The prevalence of DA among Nigerian adults scheduled for routine exodontia was 15.1%. At least seven in ten patients had moderate and severe dental pain, while one-fifth presented with significantly impaired OHRQoL