Users’ Perception of Compliance of Security Features with Defensible Space Principles in Selected Secondary Schools in Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria

The idea of preventing crime by strategically using the environment as tool has been explored for decades. Defensible space provides architectural strategies for effectively preventing crime by reorganizing the physical environment and giving inhabitants control over their surroundings. This study seeks to examine the security features allaying with defensible space in four selected secondary schools in Ota, Ogun state, Nigeria, with a view to making contributions on how to improve security in such environments for users. The study identifies areas for further improvements based on users' perception, towards enhancing security in the academic environments in Nigeria. Four selected secondary schools in Ota, publicly and privately owned was used for the study. The study used quantitative and qualitative research methods to obtain data from 149 students, in addition with 33 teachers from four secondary schools. The collected data were descriptively analysed with the use of SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) software. Results showed that there are evidences of elements of defensible space strategies, which are Territoriality and Natural surveillance that were adequately perceived and being implemented by the respondents. Deterioration of school buildings and poor road construction were seen. These were evidences of the elements of Milieu and Image, an indication of defensible space perception. Students dissatisfaction with overall school security was also revealed. The study further shows that appropriate maintenance strategies can help enhance the physical and security conditions of school environment in Nigeria

Satisfaction and perceived impact of virtual learning during COVID-19 lockdown: A case study of an online nursing research conference

Aim This study aimed to assess nurses' satisfaction and perceptions of the impact of virtual learning. Design A descriptive cross-sectional survey. Method 236 nurses attending an online conference from several parts of Nigeria participated in the study. Analysed data were summarized and presented in tables and graphs, while linear regression was used to measure the associations. Results Most of the respondents perceived the programme as highly impactful. All three domains: learner-content interaction (p?=?0.020), learner?instructor interaction (p?=?0.000) and learner?learner interaction (p?=?0.000), were found to be statistically significantly associated with the perceived impact of the programme, and thus statistically significant predictors of the effects of online learning (p?=?0.02), (F?=?5.471). Conclusively, the Interaction of learners with learning content, lecturers and other learners was seen as determinants of an effective and impactful online education. It is recommended that nursing training institutions embrace online learning either as the leading platform or as an adjunct to a face-to-face method

The use of Bayesian design in two trials in rare cancers

Trials run in either rare diseases or rare subpopulations of common diseases are challenging in terms of identifying, recruiting and completing sufficient patients in a sensible time period. Moreover, the increasing emphasis on personalised and precision criteria for selection and endpoints during early drug development is changing the demands on trial designs because of a more limited number of patients. We will discuss two active trials in bone sarcoma which use Bayesian methodologies. In designing these trials we needed to minimise the expected sample size whilst having acceptable properties. To do this a number of Frequentist and Bayesian approaches were considered and compare using Frequentist and Bayesian properties. In the MEMOS trial, adaptations to Simon's two stage design to allow stopping early for efficacy and a Bayesian posterior predictive solution provide an efficient trial design. In the LINES trial, a Bayesian posterior predictive approach allows co-primary endpoints to be accounted for effectively in this single arm trial. The results of the first interim analysis will be described

The use of Bayesian design in two trials in rare cancers

Trials run in either rare diseases or rare subpopulations of common diseases are challenging in terms of identifying, recruiting and completing sufficient patients in a sensible time period. Moreover, the increasing emphasis on personalised and precision criteria for selection and endpoints during early drug development is changing the demands on trial designs because of a more limited number of patients. We will discuss two active trials in bone sarcoma which use Bayesian methodologies. In designing these trials we needed to minimise the expected sample size whilst having acceptable properties. To do this a number of Frequentist and Bayesian approaches were considered and compare using Frequentist and Bayesian properties. In the MEMOS trial, adaptations to Simon's two stage design to allow stopping early for efficacy and a Bayesian posterior predictive solution provide an efficient trial design. In the LINES trial, a Bayesian posterior predictive approach allows co-primary endpoints to be accounted for effectively in this single arm trial. The results of the first interim analysis will be described

Outcomes from a mechanistic biomarker multi-arm and randomised study of liposomal MTP-PE (Mifamurtide) in metastatic and/or recurrent osteosarcoma (EuroSarc-Memos trial)

The phase III clinical study of adjuvant liposomal muramyl tripeptide (MTP-PE) in resected high-grade osteosarcoma (OS) documented positive results that have been translated into regulatory approval, supporting initial promise for innate immune therapies in OS. There remains, however, no new approved treatment such as MTP-PE for either metastatic or recurrent OS. Whilst the addition of different agents, including liposomal MTP-PE, to surgery for metastatic or recurrent high-grade osteosarcoma has tried to improve response rates, a mechanistic hiatus exists in terms of a detailed understanding the therapeutic strategies required in advanced disease. Here we report a Bayesian designed multi-arm, multi-centre, open-label phase II study with randomisation in patients with metastatic and/or recurrent OS, designed to investigate how patients with OS might respond to liposomal MTP-PE, either given alone or in combination with ifosfamide. Despite the trial closing because of poor recruitment within the allocated funding period, with no objective responses in eight patients, we report the design and feasibility outcomes for patients registered into the trial. We demonstrate the feasibility of the Bayesian design, European collaboration, tissue collection with genomic analysis and serum cytokine characterisation. Further mechanistic investigation of liposomal MTP-PE alone and in combination with other agents remains warranted in metastatic OS.Transplantation and immunomodulatio

Outcomes from a mechanistic biomarker multi-arm and randomised study of liposomal MTP-PE (Mifamurtide) in metastatic and/or recurrent osteosarcoma (EuroSarc-Memos trial)

The phase III clinical study of adjuvant liposomal muramyl tripeptide (MTP-PE) in resected high-grade osteosarcoma (OS) documented positive results that have been translated into regulatory approval, supporting initial promise for innate immune therapies in OS. There remains, however, no new approved treatment such as MTP-PE for either metastatic or recurrent OS. Whilst the addition of different agents, including liposomal MTP-PE, to surgery for metastatic or recurrent high-grade osteosarcoma has tried to improve response rates, a mechanistic hiatus exists in terms of a detailed understanding the therapeutic strategies required in advanced disease. Here we report a Bayesian designed multi-arm, multi-centre, open-label phase II study with randomisation in patients with metastatic and/or recurrent OS, designed to investigate how patients with OS might respond to liposomal MTP-PE, either given alone or in combination with ifosfamide. Despite the trial closing because of poor recruitment within the allocated funding period, with no objective responses in eight patients, we report the design and feasibility outcomes for patients registered into the trial. We demonstrate the feasibility of the Bayesian design, European collaboration, tissue collection with genomic analysis and serum cytokine characterisation. Further mechanistic investigation of liposomal MTP-PE alone and in combination with other agents remains warranted in metastatic OS