A comparative study in money attitude among university students: a gendered view

The paper aims to examine gender differences in money attitude among college students. Using the stratified sampling method, 2,340 college students from six public and five private colleges were studied. The findings indicate gender differences for different dimensions of money attitude, in which males were attached to money as a power/prestige tool while experiencing anxiety and having a retentive attitude toward money. Meanwhile female students were conservatively minded about money, as well as being attached to money for self-gratification purposes

Gender differences in financial well-being among college students

Financial satisfaction and its impact on the quality of life have received considerable attention in recent decades. A large number of studies have attempted to identify the dimensions of financial well-being and financial behavior among various groups in relation to the development of personal financial well-being. The majority of studies on personal financial satisfaction and financial behavior among adolescents reveal notable sex differences. There is evidence that men and women's perceptions differ and that they are not necessarily only influenced by economic factors, but also by social and psychological issues. To identify gender differences in financial well-being, this study focuses on the perceived financial well-being of Malaysian college students. This study was carried out under (IRPA) funding. Data were collected from students in public and private Malaysian universities. The multi stage stratified random sampling technique was used. A total of 11 universities were randomly selected for the study and 350 questionnaires were distributed to students through the student affairs section of the respective university. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires. Financial well-being was measured by a six-item scale. The students were asked to rate those six items on a scale of one (not satisfied at all) to nine (very satisfied). The items statements include the amount of saving, financial situation, ability to purchase, saving for emergency expenses, skill to manage money, and ability to spend. The results revealed that there were significant gender differences among Malaysian college students concerning financial matters. The results indicate that Malaysian female students have a significantly higher level of financial satisfaction compared to male students. Female students have a lower level of financial knowledge and late age financial socialization compared to male students. The results showed that primary socialization agents were the strongest predictor of financial well-being among male students while financial problems were the strongest predictor among female students. Mediation analysis confirmed the mediation effect of financial problems in the association between predictors and financial well-being

FAMILY RISK AND FAMILY LIFE CYCLE: An Explanatory Study of the Perceived Level of Family Risks in Family Life Cycle Stages in Tehran, Iran

ABSTRACT This study aims to explore different aspects of risk among Iranian families, and, furthermore, to determine the cumulative risk during the family life cycle stages. The sample comprised 600 women (either employed or unemployed) in six districts of Tehran, whowere selected by the convenience sampling method. Family risk was measured using a 30-item scale pertaining to the marital, social and economic risks among families. The family life cycle stage was measured by asking families to report the number of kids, their age and situation (stay with or left family). The results of factor analysis of family risk items explored four main risks -economic, marital, social and managerial. The results indicate that families perceived the highest level of risk during the second stage of the family life cycle in which the children are born and grow up

Predictors of financial well-being among Malaysian employees: examining the mediate effect of financial stress / Mohamad Fazli Sabri and Leila Falahati.

Financial well-being and its impact on the quality of life among employees have received considerable attention from researchers, consumer and financial educators, practitioners and policy makers. The purpose of this study is to examine the determinant factors of employees’ financial well-being in Malaysia. The results of this study can be used for better understanding of the relationship between and among determinants of financial well-being by highlighting the relationships among financial literacy, financial behavior, financial capability, financial problem, and financial stress. Samples were selected using multi-stage sampling technique among employees in public and private sectors. A total of 2,000 completed questionnaires were analyzed using path analysis to identify direct and indirect effects on financial well-being. The results identified that financial well-being determinants were financial literacy, financial behavior, financial capability, financial problem; and financial stress had either a direct and indirect effect on financial well-being. The findings indicated that financial stress partially mediate the effect of factors on predicting financial well-being

Estimating a model of subjective financial well-being among college students

The issue of financial well-being among college students has received increasing attention. The purpose of this study is to examine the association between childhood consumer experience, financial socialization, financial literacy, financial management and subjective financial well-being of college students. Data were collected from eleven public and private universities across Malaysia. Structural equation modeling indicated that childhood consumer experiences such as savings habits, primary socialization agents such as parents, sibling and even religion and secondary socialization agents such as peer and media contribute to students’ financial literacy level which the effect of secondary socialization agents was negative. Financial literacy has the greatest effect on financial management which in turn enhanced the perceived level of financial well-being among students. Overall, implications and recommendations for future research, teaching, and public policy are also provided for parents, college administrators, counselors, and educators

Predictors of financial well-being among Malaysian employees: examining the mediate effect of financial stress

Financial well-being and its impact on the quality of life among employees have received considerable attention from researchers, consumer and financial educators, practitioners and policy makers. The purpose of this study is to examine the determinant factors of employees’ financial well-being in Malaysia. The results of this study can be used for better understanding of the relationship between and among determinants of financial well-being by highlighting the relationships among financial literacy, financial behavior, financial capability, financial problem, and financial stress. Samples were selected using multi-stage sampling technique among employees in public and private sectors. A total of 2,000 completed questionnaires were analyzed using path analysis to identify direct and indirect effects on financial well-being. The results identified that financial well-being determinants were financial literacy, financial behavior, financial capability, financial problem; and financial stress had either a direct and indirect effect on financial well-being. The findings indicated that financial stress partially mediate the effect of factors on predicting financial well-being

Ethnic and gender differences in financial management among college students

The paper aims to examine ethnic and gender differences in financial management among college students. Using the stratified sampling method, 2,340 college students from six public and five private colleges were studied. The findings indicate gender differences in financial management, in which female students performed greater financial management than male students. The results revealed significant ethnic differences in financial management, in which Malay students performed greater financial management than Chinese and Indian students

The emergence of gender differences in consumer socialization among college students

This study examines the gender differences in consumer socialization among college students. The sample comprised 2,430 students in six public and five private universities across Malaysia, which were randomly selected for the study. A self-administered questionnaire was used as the data collection method. The results revealed gender differences in consumer socialization, in which male students’ perceived earlier socialization regarding financial matters. In addition, the results indicated that females are socialized earlier in receiving allowances and owning bank accounts while males are socialized earlier in financial activity and financial assets

Gender differences in financial well-being, financial socialization and financial knowledge among college students

This study aims to determine the gender differences in the financial well-being, financial socialization and financial knowledge among college students. The sample comprised 2,430 students in six public and five private universities across Malaysia, which were randomly selected for the study. A self-administered questionnaire was used as the data collection method. The perceived financial well-being was measured by asking students to rate their level of satisfaction on a scale of one (not satisfied at all) to ten (very satisfied) on six items including the amount of savings, financial situation, ability to purchase, savings for emergency expenses, skills to manage money, and ability to spend. The results revealed significant gender differences in financial well-being, financial socialization and financial knowledge. Female students perceived a higher level of financial well-being and a lower level of financial knowledge and later age financial socialization

Gender differences in financial literacy among college students

The paper aims to examine gender differences in financial literacy among college students. Using the stratified sampling method, 2,340 college students from six public and five private colleges were studied. The findings indicate gender differences in different dimensions of financial literacy, in which males were more knowledgeable in financial matters than female students. The results revealed that among the six dimensions of financial literacy, male students have more knowledge concerning credit and risk management, while females are more knowledgeable in respect of general financial literacy