Pola Distribusi Himenolepiasis di Kalimantan Selatan

Kecacingan umumnya disebabkan oleh cacing golongan Soil Transmitted Helminths (STH) yaitu Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, Hookworm dan cacing golongan non STH yaitu Enterobius vermicularis. Kasus kecacingan yang khas terjadi di Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan adalah yang disebabkan oleh Fasciolopsis buski. Namun dalam survei kecacingan oleh Balai Litbang P2B2 Tanah Bumbu tahun 2008-2009 ditemukan pula kasus himenolepiasis yang disebabkan oleh Hymenolepis sp. Penelitian observasional analitik ini dilakukan di 13 kabupaten/kota di wilayah Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan dengan desain potong lintang. Survei tinja dilaksanakan dalam 2 tahap: yaitu tahap 1 pada tahun 2010 di 6 kabupaten (Tanah Laut, Tabalong, Tanah Bumbu, Tapin, Barito Kuala, dan Balangan), dan tahap 2 pada tahun 2011 di 7 kabupaten/kota (Kotabaru, Banjar, Hulu Sungai Selatan, Hulu Sungai Tengah, Hulu Sungai Utara, Banjarbaru, dan Banjarmasin), dengan jumlah total 3.643 sampel tinja. Total kasus himenolepiasis yang ditemukan dalam penelitian ini sebesar 0,5% (20 kasus) yang tersebar pada Kabupaten Kotabaru 0,3%, Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu 0,3%, Kabupaten Balangan 0,5%, Kabupaten Tabalong 0,6%, Kabupaten HSS 0,9%, Kabupaten Banjar 1,7%, dan tertinggi di Kabupaten Tapin 1,9%. Banyak aspek pada masyarakat di Kalimantan Selatan yang kemungkinan menyebabkan penularan himenolepiasis, misalnya kebiasaan masyarakat memakan sedikit beras mentah setelah makan jengkol, dengan anggapan bahwa dengan makan beras dapat mencegah bau yang timbul akibat memakan jengkol. Sehingga kemungkinan ikut termakan kutu beras atau beras yang mengandung cysticercoid Hymenolepis. Hal ini perlu digali lebih dalam agar dapat menjadi landasan bagi dasar penelitian dan program penanggulangan himenolepiasis

Identifikasi Serkaria Fasciolopsis buski dengan PCR untuk Konfirmasi Hospes Perantara di Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara, Kalimantan Selatan, Indonesia

Fasciolopsiasis in Indonesia is endemic in Hulu Sungai Utara District, South Kalimantan. Problems in controlling this disease is to identify the snail that acts as an first intermediate host. Fasciolopsis buski intermediate host is determined by the presence of F. buski cercariae on the conch. Identification of cercariae using microscopic method can not ensure that was F. buski cercariae, so it is necessary to use a more accurate method. Therefore, the research aimed to identify F. buski cercariae using Polymerase Chain Reaction ( PCR ) to confirm the cercariae species and the first intermediate host snails of F. buski. Observational studies in the field and laboratory are conducted in March -December 2014. Snail samplings were taken place at Sungai Papuyu and Kalumpang Dalam villages. Cercariae PCR analys is was done at Molecular Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Science-Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru. Our field collections found 6 snail genus: Pomacea, Bellamya, Indoplanorbis, Lymnaea, Gyraulus, and Melanoides. Three species of cercariae obtained by microscopic examination consisted of Echinostome cercariae in Lymnaea and Indoplanorbissnail, Brevifurcate-pharyngeate cercariae in Lymnaea snail, and Sulcatomicrocercous cercariae in Bellamya snail. PCR analysis showed positive result of F. buski on Echinostome cercariae samples found from Lymnaea and Indoplanorbis snail. This finding have confirmed that both snails were the first intermediate host of F. buski at our sampling sites

Alergi Dan Kecacingan Pada Anak Sekolah Dasar Negeri Kampung Baru Kecamatan Kusan Hilir Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu, Kalimantan Selatan

Allergy and helminthiasis are having a unique relationship and more need to be studied. Helminthiasis canhave' no, positive, or negative relation with allergy. Objective of the study is to identify the relationshipbetween helminthiasis and atopic by determining human total IgE serum and identify historical recall ofallergy in childhood. This is a cross sectional study conducted on March-April 2011. The sample were 3-5grade elementary school children in Sekolah Dasar Negeri Kampung Baru sub district of Kusan Hilirdistrict of Tanah Bumbu, South Kalimantan. Stool and blood serum specimen were collected from thesamples. International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISSAC) questionaires wereinterviewed to their parent. Stools were checked-out through microscope by using Kato technique to foundthe worm eggs the Human total IgE serum was measured by ELISA. Results of the interview were used todetermine allergic status in children. Result showed the percentage of atopic with helminthiasis (30%) lessthan atopic without helminthiasis (48,2%). The study showed that there is a relationship between helminthinfection and allergy. It is recomended to conduct future research with larger sample and using IgE specificto explore more the relationship between helminthiasis and allergy

Risiko Infeksi Cacing Usus pada Anak Sekolah Dasar Berdasarkan Ekosistem yang Berbeda di Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu Tahun 2009

Kecacingan umumnya masih menjadi permasalahan bagi negara berkembang terutama di daerah tropis seperti Indonesia karena prevalensinya yang cukup tinggi. Penularan cacing usus sangat erat kaitannya dengan kondisi higiene dan sanitasi lingkungan yang belum baik. Penelitian dengan desain cross sectional bertujuan untuk mendapatkan data kejadian infeksi cacing usus pada anak-anak di daerah perkotaan dan pedesaan di Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu melalui survei kecacingan pada anak usia Sekolah Dasar (SD). Pengumpulan sampel feses secara purposive sampling dilakukan di lima SD, tiga SD di Kecamatan Simpang Empat yang mewakili daerah perkotaan dan dua SD di Kecamatan Sungai Loban yang mewakili daerah pedesaan. Pemeriksaan sampel menggunakan metode pemeriksaan langsung dengan mikroskop untuk mengetahui sampel yang positif mengandung telur cacing. Data persentase infeksi cacing dan ekosistem disajikan dengan tabel 2x2 kemudian menggunakan uji Pearson Chi-Square serta mencantumkan Prevalence Ratio untuk mengetahui besaran risiko suatu pajanan berdasarkan ekosistem. Hasil menunjukkan dari 593 anak terdapat 49 orang yang terinfeksi cacing usus dari spesies Ascaris lumbricoides, dan merupakan kasus terbanyak baik di pedesaan maupun di perkotaan dibanding dengan kasus kecacingan lainnya. Risiko terinfeksi cacing pada anak pedesaan 1,2 kali lebih besar dibandingkan anak diwilayah perkotaan (PR=1,2; CI=0,415-1,340)

An overview of malaria elimination efforts in South Kalimantan from 2010 to 2018

Malaria elimination in Kalimantan is targeted to be completed by 2020. This study aimed to analyze efforts to eliminate malaria in South Kalimantan from 2010-2018. This research is a descriptive study of the population of South Kalimantan who is at risk of suffering from malaria. This study used a total participation technique involving all cases of malaria recorded in the malaria surveillance information system (SISMAL) 2010-2018 for South Kalimantan. The data used are secondary data obtained from the South Kalimantan Provincial Health Office in 2010-2018, namely the number of suspected malaria cases, confirmation and inspection, treatment use data, bed nets distribution, village stratification and annual parasite incidence (API) in each district. The results showed that there was the trend of malaria elimination efforts in South Kalimantan was increased from 89% of suspected patients in 2010 to 100% in 2018, and trend of API decreased from 1.5‰ in 2010 to 0.21‰ in 2018. So, with the provision of artemisinin combination therapy (ACT), from 78% in 2010 increased to 100% in 2018. All regencies/cities in South Kalimantan showed API number <1‰ in 2018. Stratification of high case incidence (HCI) villages/sub-district in 2018 decreased compared to 2010, from 211 villages to 19 villages, while malaria-free stratification from 0 in 2010 to 1,761 villages. Malaria elimination efforts in South Kalimantan showed a significant increase and it is expected that 2020 South Kalimantan will be free of malaria

Tingginya angka kecacingan pasca pengobatan massal filariasis (DEC dan Albendazole) di SDN Juku Eja Pagatan

Helminthiasis considered as "neglected diseases" because it doesn’t induce mortality, but impact on the human resources that can lead to "lost generation. The results of the study in 2008, found the prevalence of worm infection in SDN Juku Eja > 50% where the study was conducted at 3 months post-mass drug administration in it. Required periodic inspections to determine the update status of worm infection in SDN Juku Eja. Descriptive study with cross sectional design was held in SDN Juku Eja Pagatan Kusan Hilir subdistrict in February 2016 (four months after mass drug administration of filariasis in Tanah Bumbu. Population and sample were all students (grades 1-6) SDN Juku Eja Pagatan. 170 pots were distributed, 123 stool samples collected and examined using direct/native method, 102 positive samples (82.93%) consists of Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, Hookworm, Hymenolepis nana, Hymenolepis diminuta and Enterobius vermicularis. The high prevalence of helminthiasis in SDN Juku Eja riddling civil disobedience in consuming filariasis mass drug or albendazole dose is not able to heal helminthiasis due to the high intensity of helminthiasis. It is estimated that the high prevalence of helminthiasis at the Juku Eja village and the process of infection in the majority of the village so that the program intervention, preventive and promotional of helminthiasis is also need to be implemented at the village level

Identifikasi Serkaria Fasciolopsis Buski Dengan PCR Untuk Konfirmasi Hospes Perantara Di Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara, Kalimantan Selatan, Indonesia

Fasciolopsiasis in Indonesia is endemic in Hulu Sungai Utara District, South Kalimantan. Problems in controlling this disease is to identify the snail that acts as an first intermediate host. Fasciolopsis buski intermediate host is determined by the presence of F. buski cercariae on the conch. Identification of cercariae using microscopic method can not ensure that was F. buski cercariae, so it is necessary to use a more accurate method. Therefore, the research aimed to identify F. buski cercariae using Polymerase Chain Reaction ( PCR ) to confirm the cercariae species and the first intermediate host snails of F. buski. Observational studies in the field and laboratory are conducted in March-December 2014. Snail samplings were taken place at Sungai Papuyu and Kalumpang Dalam villages. Cercariae PCR analysis was done at Molecular Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Science-Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru. Our field collections found 6 snail genus: Pomacea, Bellamya, Indoplanorbis, Lymnaea, Gyraulus, and Melanoides. Three species of cercariae obtained by microscopic examination consisted of Echinostome cercariae in Lymnaea and Indoplanorbis snail, Brevifurcate-pharyngeate cercariae in Lymnaea snail, and Sulcatomicrocercous cercariae in Bellamya snail. PCR analysis showed positive result of F. buski on Echinostome cercariae samples found from Lymnaea and Indoplanorbis snail. This finding have confirmed that both snails were the first intermediate host of F. buski at our sampling sites

Gambaran status gizi dan faktor risiko kecacingan pada anak cacingan di masyarakat Dayak Meratus, Kecamatan Loksado, Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Selatan

Helminthiasis is a disease caused by intestinal parasite helminth with a high prevalence and spread throughout Indonesia, not deadly but secretly and slowly affect the health and productivity of patients through the decline in nutritional status. Slow and less symptom-prone effects cause the disease to be neglected among other diseases. This research is descriptive observational with cross sectional design, to know the description of nutritional status and risk factors of helminthiasis at elementary school children suffering from helminth in Meratus Dayak community, conducted in April 2017 at SDN Loksado and SDN Tanuhi, Loksado Subdistrict, Hulu Sungai Selatan Regency, South Kalimantan Province. The results showed 6.5% of helminthiasis occurred in the Dayak community in the Loksado Subdistrict. Helminthiasis consists caused by hookworm (58.33%), Enterobius (16.66), Hymenolepis (8.33%), Trichuris (8.33%), and mix infection of hookworm and enterobius (8.33%). However, this helminthiasis has not had an impact on the patient's nutritional status and progressed without symptoms, indicated by the nutritional status of patients who are mostly in the normal category until the fat. Although helminthiasis is not a deadly disease and is emergency, but the risk factor of helminthiasis in the patient can cause chronic infestation and transmission to other children. Keywords          : helminthiasis, nutritional status, risk factor

Kebijakan Pengendalian terhadap Penyakit Kecacingan di Kabupaten Tapin Kalimantan Selatan

Infeksi cacing saluran cerna (usus) baik yang tergolong dalam Nematoda usus dengan siklus soil-transmitted helminthes (Ascaris lumbricoides, Ancylostoma duodenale, Necator americanus, Enterobius vermicularis, Trichuris trichiura dan Strongyloides stercoralis), Trematoda usus (Fasciolopsis buski) dan Cestoda (Taenia saginata, Taenia solium, Hymenolepis nana) merupakan masalah kesehatan yang memerlukan penanganan serius terutama di daerah tropis karena prevalensi yang tinggi. Penyakit kecacingan umumnya menyerang negara yang sedang berkembang terutama pada masyarakat dengan sosial ekonomi rendah seperti di Indonesia. Data kebijakan pengendalian kecacingan yang akan didapatkan meliputi penelusuran data dan gambaran kebijakan yang dilaksanakan di tingkat kabupaten dan pelaksanaan strategi serta faktor penghambat maupun pendukung terlaksananya program kecacingan. Hasil wawancara terhadap para pemegang kebijakan/stakeholder mendalam terhadap adalah bahwa kebijakan pengendalian penyakit kecacingan di Dinas Kesehatan belum pernah dilakukan baik dari segi perencanaan dan penganggaran, selain itu dinas kesehatan belum pernah melakukan koordinasi dengan pihak DPRD dan Bappeda, namun pihak Bappeda mengatakan pernah melakukan koordinasi. Melihat dari keadaan tersebut, sebaiknya dinas kesehatan perlu melakukan upaya koordinasi dengan pihak terkait mengenai kebijakan pengendalian kecacingan, khususnya dalam perencanaan dan penganggaran. Selain itu upaya surveilans dan skrining perlu dilakukan pihak dinas kesehatan dan Puskesmas terkait dalam upaya mengetahui jumlah kasus kecacingan secara lebih mendalam