50 research outputs found

    Evaluation of effect of surface quality of machined rail way wheels on fatigue strength

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    Railway transport capacities all over the world have been growing, a phenomenon which is accompanied by the requirement to increase axle loads of freight rolling stock. Apart from new wheel designs for higher axle loads, the requirements of their safety and reliability have also been growing, since these wheels are often used in extreme climactic conditions. Cruising speeds of passenger trains been increasing, which likewise brings more stringent requirements concerning the quality and safety of the supplied railway wheels. This paper describes methods of evaluating fatigue strength of railway wheel webs and methods of evaluating the quality of machined railway wheel webs. Results of fatigue tests performed on wheels machined in a standard way are compared with wheels which have been treated by shot peening, a treatment frequently used to increase the fatigue strength of wheel webs of the railway wheelset

    Role of air humidity in residual fatigue lifetime of railway axle

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    This research was funded by grant No. CK03000060 “Advanced design methodology of railway axles for safe and efficient operation” of The Technology Agency of the Czech Republic

    Influence of heat treatment-induced residual stress on residual fatigue life of railway axles

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    Assessment of residual fatigue life of railway axles commonly does not include effect of residual stress. This paper presents advanced methodology for estimation of residual fatigue life of railway axles considering not only external loading but also internal residual stresses. The studied axles made of the EA4T steel were treated by induction hardening in order to generate very high compressive residual stress in the surface layer of the axle. Such residual stress has positive effect on behaviour of surface defects and leads to fatigue crack retardation or even crack arrest and, consequently, to immense prolongation of residual fatigue life. Experimentally measured data of residual stress were implemented in a numerical model in order to determine the true stress state in the axle. The model included a crack and took the effects of bending, press fit and residual stress into account. Residual fatigue life was calculated for various starting crack lengths based on the experimentally determined da/dN-ΔK curves for various load ratios. Finally, the results for axles hardened by standard method and by induction hardening were compared with residual fatigue lives obtained experimentally from fatigue tests on real railway axles with artificial cracks. The calculated values were conservative with good agreement with experimental dat

    The Development a New Method of Increasing Fatigue Strength of Railways Wheel Sets

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    Import 22/10/2012Disertační práce se zabývá vývojem nových metod zvyšování únavové pevnosti železničních dvojkolí. Tato práce si klade za cíl objasnit vliv metalurgických a technologických faktorů ovlivňujících mez únavy ve vztahu ke zvýšení životnosti a spolehlivosti železničních kol a náprav v železničním provozu. Z metalurgických faktorů je studován vliv legující strategie materiálu železničních náprav na dosahované únavové vlastnosti a optimalizace chemického složení oceli ve vztahu k pevnostním a únavovým vlastnostem. Z hlediska technologie je práce zaměřena na objasnění vlivu technologie tepelného zpracování a výsledné meze pevnosti na dosahované únavové vlastnosti a na kvantifikaci a posouzení aplikace nových technologických postupů, zejména pak shot peeningu, válečkování povrchu, termického nanášení povlaků a vlivu indukčního kalení náprav na zvýšení meze únavy železničních dvojkolí. V disertační práci jsou popsány základní teoretické parametry ovlivňující únavovou pevnost materiálu, jakými jsou vliv pevnosti, vliv koncentrátorů napětí, reziduálních vnitřních napětí, charakter povrchových vrstev a velikost tělesa na únavovou pevnost. V práci je presentována metodika zkoušení železničních kol a náprav na speciálních zkušebních zařízeních, která byla v průběhu řešení práce vybudována za účelem testování meze únavy. Diskutovány jsou materiály běžně používané pro výrobu železničních kol a náprav, jejich základní normou definované mechanické charakteristiky a metody používané za účelem zvýšení meze únavy železničních kol a náprav. Hlavním přínosem disertační práce je vývoj nové technologie indukčního kalení železničních náprav jakosti EA4T a její specifikace na provozní podmínky společnosti BONATRANS GROUP a.s. Výsledky řešení vyúsťují v diskusi, kde jsou kvantifikovány přínosy nově vyvíjených technologií únavové pevnosti železničních dvojkolí.PhD work deals with the development of new methods of increasing the fatigue life of railway wheelsets. This job aims to clear up effects of metallurgical and technological factors influencing the limits of fatigue life to increase the service life and reliability of railway wheels and axles in the railway traffic. From the metallurgical factors the most studied is an influence alloying strategies of materials used for the railway axles on achieved fatigue attributes and optimization of chemical composition steel in relation to strength and fatigue properties. In terms of technology the work is aimed on clearing up the effects of heat treatment and result strenght limit on achieved fatigue attributes and on quantification and rating the application of new technological processes, especially shot peening, rolling of surface, thermal spray coatings and influence of induction hardening of axles on increasing the limits of fatigue life of railway wheelsets. In the PhD work there are described the basic theoretical parameters influencing the fatigue life of materials, which are the strenght influence, the influence of stress concentrators, residual internal stresses, character of the surface layers and size of body on the fatigue life. In the PhD work is present methodology of testing railway wheels and axles in the special testing equipment, that were built during the work solutions to test the limits of fatigue life. There are discuss the materials commonly used for production of railway wheels and axles, their mechanical characteristics defined by basic standards and methods for increasing the limits of the fatigue life of the railway wheels and axles. The main contribution of the PhD work is the development of new technology and introduction of axle induction hardening in EA4T quality on operation requirement BONATRANS GROUP a.s. The results of resolutions lead to the discussion, where are quantified benefits of new produce technology the fatigue life of railway wheelsets.Prezenční636 - Katedra materiálového inženýrstvívyhově

    Elektrochemická polarizační potenciokinetická metoda pro studium vlastností korozivzdorných ocelí

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    Import 20/04/2006Prezenční výpůjčkaVŠB - Technická univerzita Ostrava. Fakulta metalurgie a materiálového inženýrství. Katedra (636) materiálového inženýrstv

    On steroids. LXXXII. Fission of the 5β,6β-epoxides in the B-norsteroid series

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    On steroids. LXVII. 16-Bromoderivatives in the 5β-B-norandrostane series

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    On steroids. LXVI. 16-Bromoderivatives in the 5β-androstane series

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    On steroids. LXXV. 5β,6β-epoxides in the B-norsteroid series

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