EFISIENSI MESIN PENGERING BEKU VAKUM PADA PENGERINGAN CABAI MERAH (Capsicum annuum L.)

Vacuum freeze drying is a drying method performed at low temperature, reducing product damage caused by high temperature. Red chilies are highly perishable and seasonal, so farmers who have applied the recommended cultivation technology will produce large quantities of chilies at harvest time. This study aimed to design a vacuum freeze dryer, obtained the performance of the dryer based on the efficiency of the cooling machine, and obtained red chilies that met the water content standards based on SNI No. 01-3389-1994. The parameters measured for the cooling machine performance including time, temperature of the evaporator inlet and outlet, temperature of the condenser inlet and outlet. For red chilies drying, the measured parameters were drying temperature with variations 40oC, 45oC, 50oC, and 55oC for 13 hours. Based on the test result, the design of this vacuum freeze dryer had a maximum capacity of 6.52 L for the cold room and 3 L for the heating room. The average of the actual COP, Carnot COP, and refrigeration efficiency were 3.33, 6.18, and 53.71%respectively. The dried chilies produced met the moisture content in accordance with SNI No. 01-3389-1994, namely at temperature 50oC and 55oC with water content of 10.66% and 9.50%respectively

PERANCANGAN DAN UNJUK KERJA SISTEM PENGENDALIAN PROSES PADA MICROFERM FERMENTOR

State of Polytechnic Sriwijaya has a Microferm Fermentor that can not be operated, therefore it needs to be fixed and developed. The development being done is the addition of process control system. The purpose of this research is to design automatic process control system that is applied to microferm fermentor based on computerization. This research method starts with calibration program initialization on the alcohol sensor, pH and temperature control system, then performance test method based on fermentation process. This research uses pH Probe SEN0169 Sensor, Thermocouple Type-K, dan Gas Sensor MQ-5 as part of system which take data and Arduino mikrokontroller as a system which control the sensors. On the designed system, final control element used is a heater, cooler, and peristaltic pump for process changes. The research result shows that pH Dfrobot SEN0169 sensor, Thermocouple Type-K and Alcohol sensor can be used as a transducer, because they can work according to desired set point, it has error measurement ≤ 1%. Based on sensor performance test can be concluded that those sensors can be used in microferm fermentor because they are able to produce fermentation product that is in accordance to desired conditions and produced the concetration bioethanol of 8.925%

Conversion of CO2 to Methane (CH4) using Ni-Al Based Catalyst and Mg as Promoter via Methanation Process

The increase of CO2 gas in the atmosphere, which can cause climate change, is one of the reasons for converting it into value-added chemicals and renewable fuels. One way to reduce CO2 in the atmosphere is to capture and store CO2. The conversion of CO2 into chemical fuels can be a method to reduce the problem of global warming and provide alternative chemical fuels.The purpose of this research is to obtain methane gas through the CO2 methanation process. Methane gas is produced using nickel-alumina based catalyst and Mg as promoter. The CO2 methanation process is carried out in a 500ml Erlenymeyer flask with CO2 gas flowing from the CO2 tube as the raw material in the process. In this research, the amount of catalyst is adjusted by varying the ratio of Nickel-Alumina catalyst 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3, 2:1, 3:1. Analysis of the methane content was used a Multi Gas Detector Analyzer and for catalyst used X-Ray Diffractionmeter. It is obtained from the research result that the most optimum variation of the Nickel-Alumina catalyst ratio is at the ratio of 3:1. The CO2 conversion to CH4 from the methanation process by using 3:1 Nickel-Alumina ratio also has a significant percentage of 1.82% for the methane content and 0.2% for the CO2 content

PENYULUHAN PENGOLAHAN SAMPAH ORGANIK RUMAH TANGGA SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU PEMBUATAN PUPUK KOMPOS DI KELURAHAN 8 ILIR

Kegialan Pcngabdian Kepada Masyarakal ini biirupa penyuluhan yang akan dilaksanakan pada bulan agustus 2015 bertempat di balai pertemuan kelurahan 8 l!ir Kecamatan Ilir Timur II Kotamadya Palembang. Penyuluhan berupa peragaan langsung tentang psngolahan sampah organ ik rumah tangga sebagai bahan baku pembuatan pupuk kompos, dan scsi tanya jawah mengenai sampah, organik dan pembuatan pupuk kompos. Tujuan dari pembuatan pupuk kompos ini agar sampah mempunyai nilai jual dan untuk rnenjaga lingkungan supaya tidak tercemar olch tumpukan sampah scrta menghasilkan sedikit pcndapalan maka diberikan suatu pcnyuluhan tcntang pembuatan pupuk kompos yang ierbuat dari sampah organik, khususnya masyarakat yang tinggal di kelurahan 8 ilir Kecamatan ilir Timur II Kotamadya Palembang. Kegiatan penyuluhan sederhana ini diharapkan dapat dilaksanakan sccara kontinyu agar masyarakat dapat membuat sendiri pupuk kompos bahkan dapat di jual sehingga dapat meningkatkan pcndapatan masyarakat

STUDI KASUS PENGARUH WAKTU DAN LAJU ALIR PADA PROSES REGENERASI MOLSIEVE MELALUI PEMANASAN PADA KILANG EKSTRAKSI NGL DI PT.PERTA-SAMTAN GAS

  Molsieve adsorption plant which adsorp moisture content in feed gas until H2O below 0.1 ppmv at outlet vessel. After adsorption process, molsieve will saturated and need to regenerate for return molsieve capacity. Regeneration process are very important for adsorption capacity. Problem at extraction plant prabumulih is molsieve capacity will decrease after 3 month. Based of things that affect molsieve capacity, need to evaluate optimal regeneration as a maximum equipment limit. Meassurement parameter in this research is quantitiy of H2O not boiled or remain in molsieve, with heating time variable 3.5 hour , 4.0 hour, 4.5 hour, and 5.0 hour. Combined with flow rate variable 14.0 MMscfd, 14.5 MMscfd, 15.0 MMscfd, 15.5 MMscfd.  Result in combination flow rate 15.5 MMscfd with heating time 5.0 hour have a mass H2O to boil up is 1.39387 ton and mass H2O remain in molsiev is 0.08019 ton. The writter found in flow rate 15.0 with heating time 5.0 hour is optimal combination based on equipment limitation. Writter suggest for replace equipment for raise up flow rate to maximal regeneration.Proses regenerasi sangat berpengaruh sekali terhadap kemampuan adsorpsi. Tujuan studi kasus ini adalah dapat mengetahui titik optimal proses regenerasi sesuai dengan kemampuan peralatan yang ada pada kilang. Parameter yang diukur pada penelitian ini adalah masih adakah indikasi H2O yang tidak teruapkan atau tertinggal di molsieve, dengan variasi waktu pemanasan 3,5 jam, 4 jam, 4,5 jam dan 5,0 jam serta variasi laju alir 14,0 MMscfd, 14,5 MMscfd, 15,0 MMscfd, 15,5 MMscfd. Hasil yang di dapat pada kombinasi laju alir 15,5 MMscfd dengan waktu pemanasan 5,0 jam memiliki massa air teruapkan 1,39387 ton dan massa air tak teruapkan 0,08019 ton. Penulis menyimpulkan pada kondisi laju alir 15,5 MMscfd dengan waktu pemanasan 5,0 jam adalah kondisi optimal sesuai dengan keterbatasan kemampuan alat di kilang, dalam hal ini penulis menyarankan untuk melakukan perubahan alat untuk menambah laju alir sehingga lebih maksimal

EFISIENSI THERMAL ALAT PENGERING TIPE TRAY UNTUK PENGERINGAN PULP CAMPURAN TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT DAN PELEPAH PISANG

Pengeringan pulp yang dilakukan masyarakat pada industri skala rumah tangga saat ini masih secara manual (konvensional) yaitu dengan memanfaatkan energi cahaya matahari atau dijemur sehingga memakan waktu yang cukup lama. Menanggapi hal tersebut, perlu adanya suatu alat pengering yang dapat mempercepat proses pengeringan pulp. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah merancang alat pengering tipe tray untuk pengeringan pulp, menentukan kinerja dari alat pengering tipe tray ditinjau dari efisiensi thermal, dan mendapatkan pulp dari campuran tandan kosong kelapa sawit dan pelepah pisang yang memenuhi standar kadar air berdasarkan Standar Nasional Indonesia No. 6106-2006. Prototype alat pengering tipe tray memiliki ukuran 39,5 cm x 45 cm x 39 cm, berbahan stainlees steel dengan jumlah tray 4 tingkat dan menggunakan energi panas yang dihasilkan dari strip heater dan memiliki sistem konveksi paksaan. Variasi yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini di antaranya, variasi temperatur pengeringan 60oC, 70oC, dan 80oC serta variasi waktu pengeringan 30 menit, 60 menit, 90 menit, 120 menit, 150 menit, 180 menit, dan 210 menit. Efisiensi thermal tertinggi pada pengering tipe tray yang didapat yaitu pada temperatur pengeringan 60oC dengan waktu pengeringan 120 menit yaitu sebesar 93,485%. Pulp yang dihasilkan dari pengering tipe tray telah memenuhi standar mutu kadar air berdasarkan Standar Nasional Indonesia No. 6106-2006 yaitu pada temperatur pengeringan 80oC dengan waktu pengeringan 150 menit pada tray 1 didapatkan kadar air 7,5%

PEMBUATAN BUBUK KONSENTRAT PROTEIN KELAPA (BLONDO) SEBAGAI SUSU RENDAH LEMAK MENGGUNAKAN ALAT PENGERING BEKU VAKUM

Coconut protein concentrate (blondo) can be used as a milk product because it has a high nutrient and mineral content, so it can be used as an affordable alternative to formula milk to treat malnutrition in Indonesia. Coconut protein concentrate (blondo) is packaged in powder form, so that the product lasts longer. Vacuum freeze dryer is suitable for drying coconut protein concentrate (blondo) which is susceptible to high temperatures to avoid denaturation of its protein content. Coconut protein concentrate (blondo) with mass variations of 40 and 50 gr was put into a freeze dryer to be dried with variations in vacuum pressure at 64, 67, 70 and 73 cmHg. The comparison of the quality of each product will be viewed from the moisture, protein and fat content. Based on the results of the analysis obtained, at a vacuum pressure of 73 cmHg with a mass of 50 gr has the best quality results with a moisture content of 4.99%, a protein content of 23.84% and a fat content of 10.90%. Thus, the greater the vacuum pressure, the better the quality of the product

PEMANFAATAN TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis) DAN SERBUK KAYU JATI (Tectona Grandis) DALAM PEMBUATAN HURUF TIMBUL KOMPOSIT BERUPA PAPAN PARTIKEL

Composite letter sign can be made from particle board. This study aims to produce composite letters sign in the form of particle board with the raw materials of Empty Bunch of Oil Palm, Teak Sawdust and Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) recycled plastics using the hot press method. This study used variations in the concentration of NaOH in the alkalization process. The concentration variations used were 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5%. The particle board was analyzed based on SNI 03-2105-2006 including moisture content, water absorption, density, thickness expansion, modulus of rapture and modulus of elasticity. The results of the analysis showed that in the test of water absorption, density and thickness expansion did not significantly influence the variation in NaOH concentration. However, in the test of water content, modulus of rapture and modulus of elasticity have an effect, this is indicated by the increasing concentration of NaOH, the more the quality of the particle board increases. The particle board used NaOH 5% concentration variations became the most optimum with water content data of 2.85%, modulus of rapture of 194.65 kgf/cm2 and modulus of elasticity of 7007.90 kgf/cm

PEMBUATAN ASAP CAIR HASIL PIROLISIS LIMBAH KAYU AKASIA (Acacia Mangium Wild) DAN KAYU JATI (Tectona Grandis) MENJADI PESTISIDA ORGANIK DI SMA NEGERI 3 KAYUAGUNG

Currenly, there are issues or problems that occur in agricultural products, namely the presence of chemical residues that are still contained plants due to chemical pesticides, so that they can endanger human health. Besidethat there is also the issue of air pollution due to the processing of wood into charcoal. Therefore, based on these is issues, dedication was carried out at SMA Negeri 3 Kayuaagung so that in addition to providing scientific and technological insight regarding zero-smoke pollution into liquid smoke as an organic pesticide that can be used as an organic pesticide safe for plants. This counseling aims to foster creativity, and create an attitude of caring for the environment, as well as understanding the positive impact of waste management on the environment, healt, social and economy. This community service activity was also carried out to support the excellent Student Writing and Literacy (Katulistiwa) program carried out at the school. Counseling is in the form of brief presentations and demonstrations by showing videos of making liquid smoke in the form of organic pesticides

PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH CUCIAN SEBAGAI SUMBER FOSFAT RAMAH LINGKUNGAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN

The use of detergent in washing activities is increasing in line with the population growth rate every year. Laundry waste generated by the use of detergents contains active ingredients which are harmful to the health of living things and can damage the environment and cause eutrophication. One method of processing that can be used to treat laundry waste is by using activated carbon as an adsorbent. This study aims to determine the best conditions for treating laundry waste using activated carbon and to be able to utilize laundry waste as a source of phosphate for plant growth. Laundry waste is treated with the addition of activated carbon as much as 5, 10, 15 and 20 grams per one liter of laundry waste with a variation of time 20, 40 and 60 minutes and a constant stirring speed at 200 rpm. The parameters analyzed were pH, COD, BOD, phosphate concentration and the effect on the growth of chili plants observed for 9 weeks. The results showed that the pH level remained constant at a value of 7, and the BOD, COD and phosphate concentrations decreased to 53.6, 227.3 and 0.178 mg/L, respectively. The adsorption isotherm model is closer to the Freundlich isotherm model with R2 value of 0.9835-0.9998. And there is no significant effect on the provision of laundry waste after treatment on the growth of the tested plants