1,753 research outputs found
Correlation between non-invasive optimal vessel volume flow rate and time-of-flight signal intensity ratio: value in unilateral internal carotid artery occlusion
Non-invasive optimal vessel analysis quantitative magnetic resonance angiography (NOVA-QMRA) is increasingly recognized as an effective method for measuring cerebral blood flow in individuals suffering from intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD). This study aimed to investigate the potential relationship between volume flow rate (VFR) obtained through NOVA-QMRA and the signal intensity ratio (SIR) from time-of-flight (TOF) MRA in bilateral M1- and P2-segments of patients with unilateral internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion
A scheme for quantum-logic based transfer of accuracy in polarizability measurement for trapped ions using a moving optical lattice
Optical atomic clocks based on trapped ions suffer from systematic frequency
shifts of the clock transition due to interaction with blackbody radiation from
the environment. These shifts can be compensated if the blackbody radiation
spectrum and the differential dynamic polarizability is known to a sufficient
precision. Here, we present a new measurement scheme, based on quantum logic
that allows a direct transfer of precision for polarizability measurements from
one species to the other. This measurement circumvents the necessity of
calibrating laser power below the percent level, which is the limitation for
state-of-the-art polarizability measurements in trapped ions. Furthermore, the
presented technique allows to reference the polarizability transfer to
hydrogen-like ions for which the polarizability can be calculated with high
precision
The panopticon of Germany’s foreign trade, 1880–1913: New facts on the first globalization
We present and analyze the panopticon of Germany’s foreign trade, with new data on all products, all trade partners, quantities, and values, at annual frequency, 1880–1913. Historical product categories are reclassified according to the Standard International Trade Classification (SITC) to ensure comparability over time and across countries. Germany became increasingly specialized in manufacturing, in line with theories of comparative advantage. However, most trade growth occurred along the extensive margin, and 20–25 percent of trade was intra-industry trade, at five-digit SITC. Both facts suggest substantial within-sector heterogeneity. We discuss why this matters for our understanding of the first globalization.Peer Reviewe
Efficient sympathetic motional ground-state cooling of a molecular ion
Cold molecular ions are promising candidates in various fields ranging from
precision spectroscopy and test of fundamental physics to ultra-cold chemistry.
Control of internal and external degrees of freedom is a prerequisite for many
of these applications. Motional ground state cooling represents the starting
point for quantum logic-assisted internal state preparation, detection, and
spectroscopy protocols. Robust and fast cooling is crucial to maximize the
fraction of time available for the actual experiment. We optimize the cooling
rate of ground state cooling schemes for single ions and
sympathetic ground state cooling of . In particular, we
show that robust cooling is achieved by combining pulsed Raman sideband cooling
with continuous quench cooling. Furthermore, we experimentally demonstrate an
efficient strategy for ground state cooling outside the Lamb-Dicke regime.Comment: 11 pages, 11 figure
Welche Bedeutung haben Unternehmenscharakteristika und regionales Umfeld für die Beschäftigungsdynamik? Eine mikroökonometrische Analyse für das ostdeutsche Verarbeitende Gewerbe
In this paper, we analyse the influence of firm characteristics and the regional environment on employment growth of East German manufacturing firms between 1992 and 1996. Our results confirm the negative impact of firm size and age on employment growth found in various studies for several developed economies. An additional negative effect far firms which have emerged from former state-owned establishments can only be observed for firms with more than nine employees. Our analysis also shows some evidence that there exists a positive influence of localization economies on the firm specific growth rate of employment. Furthermore. the regional wage rate influences the growth rate in the expected way. --
Detection of motional ground state population of a trapped ion using delayed pulses
Efficient preparation and detection of the motional state of trapped ions is
important in many experiments ranging from quantum computation to precision
spectroscopy. We investigate the stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP)
technique for the manipulation of motional states in a trapped ion system. The
presented technique uses a Raman coupling between two hyperfine ground states
in Mg, implemented with delayed pulses, which removes a single
phonon independent of the initial motional state. We show that for a thermal
state the STIRAP population transfer is more efficient than a stimulated Raman
Rabi pulse on a motional sideband. In contrast to previous implementations, a
large detuning of more than 200 times the natural linewidth of the transition
is used. This approach renders STIRAP suitable for atoms in which resonant
laser fields would populate fluorescing excited states and thus impede the
STIRAP process. We use the technique to measure the wavefunction overlap of
excited motional states with the motional ground state. This is an important
application for photon recoil spectroscopy and other force sensing applications
that utilize the high sensitivity of the motional state of trapped ions to
external fields. Furthermore, a determination of the ground state population
enables a simple measurement of the ion's temperature.Comment: 17 pages, 7 figure
Quantum sensing of oscillating electric fields with trapped ions
Quantum noise is a fundamental limitation for quantum sensors and results in the so-called shot-noise limit. Nowadays, several systems such as optical clocks or gravitational wave detectors approach measurement sensitivities where this limitation poses a major contribution to the total statistical uncertainty. It is known that this limit can be overcome by preparing the probe in a non-classical state. We will give an overview over the different non-classical states that have been implemented in the motion of single trapped ions and discuss their individual advantages and limitations in metrology. Possible applications for the presented experiments are the measurement of small oscillating electric fields and trapping frequencies. The Focus will be on our experimental work on Fock states, where quantum-enhanced sensing in both scenarios is possible with the same quantum state
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