Biodegradation of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons using the filamentous fungus Penicillium sp. CHY-2 and characterization of its manganese peroxidase activity

The aim of this work was to study the potential of the non-lignolytic filamentous fungus Penicillium sp. CHY-2, isolated from Antarctic soil, for the biodegradation of eight different aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons such as octane, decane, dodecane, ethylbenzene, butylbenzene, naphthalene, acenaphthene, and benzo[a]pyrene. Among all the compounds, CHY-2 showed the highest level of degradation for decane (49.0%), followed by butylbenzene (42.0%) and dodecane (33.0%), and lower levels of degradation for naphthalene (15.0%), acenaphthene (10.0%), octane (8.0%), ethylbenzene (4.0%), and benzo[a]pyrene (2.0%) at 20 °C. The addition of carbon sources such as glucose (5 g L−1) and Tween-80 (5 g L−1) enhanced decane degradation by about 1.8-fold and 1.61-fold respectively at 20 °C. The metabolites produced during the degradation of decane were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Furthermore, the enzyme manganese peroxidase (MnP) from CHY-2 was purified. MnP was found to consist of monomers with a molecular mass of 36 kDa. The purified MnP had an optimum pH of 5.0 and temperature of 30 °C. The Km and Vmax values of MnP towards Mn2+ were 1.31 μM and 185.19 μM min−1 respectively. These results indicated that the strain CHY-2 can be used for the degradation of hydrocarbons and could have promising applications in treatment of hydrocarbon contaminated sites

Degradation of Toxic Compounds at Low and Medium Temperature Conditions Using Isolated Fungus

In the present study, a fungal strain isolated from the Antarctic soil was identified as Penicillium sp. CHY-2 based on its 5.8S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Furthermore, its biodegradation ability towards 13 different toxic compounds such as 4-butylphenol (4-BP), 4-sec-butylphenol (4-s-BP), 4-tert-butylphenol (4-t-BP), 4-nonylphenol (4-NP), 4-tert-octylphenol (4-t-OP), 4-chlorophenol (4-CP), phenol, bisphenol A (BPA), benzene, toluene, xylene, naphthalene, and phenanthrene at low (4°C) and medium (15°C) temperature conditions was evaluated using high pressure liquid chromatography. Among the 13 compounds, the strain CHY-2 effectively degraded the six compounds i.e., 4-BP, 4-s-BP, 4-t-BP, 4-NP, 4-CP, and phenol at 15°C within one week, and at 4°C within 3 weeks. Also CHY-2 effectively degraded the 4-t-OP at 15°C (70%), but not at 4°C (35%). Among different carbon sources tested, glucose was found to be the most suitable and the growth of CHY-2 at 4°C was slower than at 15°C. Addition of Tween 80 increased the growth and degradation ability of CHY-2 towards 4-BP at 4 and 15°C. The metabolites produced during the degradation of 4-BP were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Also, bacteria present in the Antarctic soil were determined by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and the result showed the presence of Pseudomonas and Syntrophus groups of bacteria

Degradation of Toxic Compounds at Low and Medium Temperature Conditions Using Isolated Fungus

application/pdfIn the present study, a fungal strain isolated from the Antarctic soil was identified as Penicillium sp. CHY-2 based on its 5.8S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Furthermore, its biodegradation ability towards 13 different toxic compounds such as 4-butylphenol (4-BP), 4-sec-butylphenol (4-s-BP), 4-tert-butylphenol (4-t-BP), 4-nonylphenol (4-NP), 4-tert-octylphenol (4-t-OP), 4-chlorophenol (4-CP), phenol, bisphenol A (BPA), benzene, toluene, xylene, naphthalene, and phenanthrene at low (4°C) and medium (15°C) temperature conditions was evaluated using high pressure liquid chromatography. Among the 13 compounds, the strain CHY-2 effectively degraded the six compounds i.e., 4-BP, 4-s-BP, 4-t-BP, 4-NP, 4-CP, and phenol at 15°C within one week, and at 4°C within 3 weeks. Also CHY-2 effectively degraded the 4-t-OP at 15°C (70%), but not at 4°C (35%). Among different carbon sources tested, glucose was found to be the most suitable and the growth of CHY-2 at 4°C was slower than at 15°C. Addition of Tween 80 increased the growth and degradation ability of CHY-2 towards 4-BP at 4 and 15°C. The metabolites produced during the degradation of 4-BP were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Also, bacteria present in the Antarctic soil were determined by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and the result showed the presence of Pseudomonas and Syntrophus groups of bacteria