Prospecção de moléculas de extratos vegetais do bioma cerrado para o controle de Colletotrichum gossypii var. cephalosporioides e Meloidogyne incognita.

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Tuberculosis in cattle slaughtered in the intermediate geographic region of Caicó, State of Rioi Grande do Norte, Brazil.

The bovine farming constitutes an economic and social activity of great importance for the State of Rio Grande do Norte, contributing for the creation of jobs and generation of income. However, factors related to the low technification of the activity on the part of the producers, the occurrence of a wide and intense drought in the last years and the presence of infectious diseases have caused significant damages to the breeders of animals in the State. Infectious diseases include tuberculosis, which is a zoonotic infection caused by Mycobacterium bovis, the primary host of which is cattle, but several domestic and wild mammal species, including humans, are also susceptible. The objective of the study was to determine the occurrence of tuberculosis in bovine slaughtered in two public slaughterhouses of the intermediate geographic region of Caicó, State of Rio Grande do Norte. Between November 2017 and August 2018, a total of 11,616 bovine carcasses underwent routine post-mortem inspection, with lesions suggestive of tuberculosis in one animal (0.009%). Samples of tissues located in the lung, heart and spleen were submitted to bacteriological culture and molecular diagnosis

Dinâmica populacional e demografia de castanheiras nativas.

Este capítulo visa discutir aspectos demográficos da castanheira, de modo a considerar a variação geográfica regional e com foco na comparação entre castanhais nativos antigos na região amazônica e aqueles em formação nas áreas da agricultura itinerante.V. 3: Ecologia e manejo de castanhais nativos. ODS 2, ODS 3, ODS 8, ODS 11, ODS 12, ODS 13, ODS 17

Transcriptome analysis in cotton Boll Weevil (Anthonomus grandis) and RNA interference in insect pests.

Cotton plants are subjected to the attack of several insect pests. In Brazil, the cotton boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis, is the most important cotton pest. The use of insecticidal proteins and gene silencing by interference RNA (RNAi) as techniques for insect control are promising strategies, which has been applied in the last few years. For this insect, there are not much available molecular information on databases. Using 454-pyrosequencing methodology, the transcriptome of all developmental stages of the insect pest, A. grandis, was analyzed. The A. grandis transcriptome analysis resulted in more than 500.000 reads and a data set of high quality 20,841 contigs. After sequence assembly and annotation, around 10,600 contigs had at least one BLAST hit against NCBI non-redundant protein database and 65.7% was similar to Tribolium castaneum sequences. A comparison of A. grandis, Drosophila melanogaster and Bombyx mori protein families’ data showed higher similarity to dipteran than to lepidopteran sequences. Several contigs of genes encoding proteins involved in RNAi mechanism were found. PAZ Domains sequences extracted from the transcriptome showed high similarity and conservation for the most important functional and structural motifs when compared to PAZ Domains from 5 species. Two SID-like contigs were phylogenetically analyzed and grouped with T. castaneum SID-like proteins. No RdRP gene was found. A contig matching chitin synthase 1 was mined from the transcriptome. dsRNA microinjection of a chitin synthase gene to A. grandis female adults resulted in normal oviposition of unviable eggs and malformed alive larvae that were unable to develop in artificial diet. This is the first study that characterizes the transcriptome of the coleopteran, A. grandis. A new and representative transcriptome database for this insect pest is now available. All data support the state of the art of RNAi mechanism in insects

Sugarcane giant borer transcriptome analysis and identification of genes related to digestion.

Sugarcane is a widely cultivated plant that serves primarily as a source of sugar and ethanol. Its annual yield can be significantly reduced by the action of several insect pests including the sugarcane giant borer (Telchin licus licus), a lepidopteran that presents a long life cycle and which efforts to control it using pesticides have been inefficient. Although its economical relevance, only a few DNA sequences are available for this species in the Gen-Bank. Pyrosequencing technology was used to investigate the transcriptome of several developmental stages of the insect. To maximize transcript diversity, a pool of total RNA was extracted from whole body insects and used to construct a normalized cDNA database. Sequencing produced over 650,000 reads, which were de novo assembled to generate a reference library of 23,824 contigs. After quality score and annotation, 43% of the contigs had at least one BLAST hit against the NCBI non-redundant database, and 40% showed similarities with the lepidopteran Bombyx mori. In a further analysis, we conducted a comparison with Manduca sexta midgut sequences to identify transcripts of genes involved in digestion. Of these transcripts, many presented an expansion or depletion in gene number, compared to B. mori genome. From the sugarcane giant borer (SGB) transcriptome, a of aminopeptidase N (APN) cDNAs were characterized based on homology to those reported as Cry toxin receptors. This is the first report that provides a large-scale EST database for the species. Transcriptome analysis will certainly be useful to identify novel developmental genes, to better understand the insect?s biology and to guide the development of new strategies for insect-pest control

Utilização do óleo de gergelim (Sesamum indicum L.) na conservação de queijo de cabra à temperatura ambiente.

A Embrapa Caprinos e Ovinos e Embrapa Algodão, visando viabilizar metodologias alternativas para a agroindústria artesanal, adaptadas às condições do semiárido do Nordeste brasileiro, uniram duas cadeias produtivas, a de leite caprino e a de sementes oleaginosas, para investigar o efeito do óleo de gergelim na conservação de queijo Coalho à temperatura ambiente. A Embrapa Caprinos e Ovinos produziu os queijos de cabra e a Embrapa Algodão o óleo de gergelim através da prensagem a frio, sem a utilização de produtos químicos em uma unidade de Extração de óleo de gergelim, pertencente à Cooperativa Agroindustrial dos Produtores Familiares de Lucrécia, RN (Coafal). Este trabalho objetivou a fabricação de um novo tipo de queijo de cabra com coagulação enzimática, maturado à temperatura ambiente e conservado em óleo de gergelim. Algumas características promissoras resultaram em vantagens para conservação do queijo de cabra e serão abordadas nesse documento. O óleo de gergelim atuou como conservante do queijo de cabra fabricado por coagulação enzimática e acondicionado à temperatura ambiente. Nas condições experimentais, os queijos mantiveram-se adequados para o consumo e em conformidade com os padrões microbiológicos estabelecidos pela legislação brasileira após três meses de estocagem. Portanto, esse processo tecnológico mostrou ser uma alternativa para o processamento artesanal de queijos caprinos adaptados às condições climáticas do semiárido brasileiro. O uso do óleo de gergelim permite a conservação desse queijo à temperatura ambiente e agrega valor ao produto, conferindo-lhe sabor e aroma diferenciado.bitstream/item/154588/1/CNPC-2016-Cot159.pd