A comparative study of glycopyrrolate and dexamethasone in the control of postoperative nausea and vomiting after intrathecal fentanyl and bupivacaine for caesarean section

Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is an undesirable outcome that parturient who undergo caesarean section experience. We compare the efficacies of IV glycopyrrolate and IV dexamethasone as prophyaxis against PONV in these paturient.Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, double blind placebo-controlled study of seventy six (76) ASA II patients aged 18-40 years who underwent elective caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia. Patients were randomly allocated to three groups, group G (glycopyrrolate): n=26, group D (dexamethasone): n=25 and group C (control; normal saline): n=25. Data collection was with the aid of a proforma which included the biophysical profile, Belville scoring scale for PONV, Likert scale was used for patient satisfaction and side effects were also documented. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 17 and presented in tables and figures.Results: The demographic characteristics and mallampati scores of patients in all 3 groups were similar. The results showed that the incidence of PONV in group D was 8%, in group G 19.2% and in group C 32% (p= 0.048, OR= 0.185, 95% C.I for OR= 0.035 – 0.983). All patients expressed satisfaction in the care they received as assessed using the Likert scale and only patients who received IV glycopyrrolate experienced side effects in the form of dryness of the mouth. There were no side effects reported in patients who received IV dexamethasone.Conclusions: The study demonstrated that IV dexamethasone 8mg was more effective in controlling PONV after intrathecal fentanyl and bupivacaine for caesarean section when compared to 0.2 mg IV glycopyrrolate

ANALISIS NILAI TAMBAH DAN PEMASARAN JAGUNG EBI (STUDI KASUS) PADA INDUSTRI RUMAH TANGGA MENTARI DI KELURAHAN FATULULI KECAMATAN OEBOBO KOTA KUPANG

ABSTRAK   Penelitian ini telah dilakukan di home industri “Mentari” Kelurahan Fatululi Kecamatan Oebobo Kota Kupang pada bulan Juli 2019 ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses produksi jagung ebi, nilai tambah dan keuntungan dari pengolahan jagung ebi, saluran pemasaran pada home industri “Mentari”. Penentuan daerah penelitian ini dilakukan secara sengaja (Purposive) dan metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode studi kasus. Data primer dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, data yang terkumpul dianalisis secara deskriptif diikuti oleh analisis keuntungan, nilai tambahmetode Hayami dan pemasaran jagung goreng pedas ebi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengolahan jagung menjadi jagung goreng pedas ebi pada home industri “Mentari” bulan Juli 2019 meliputi pengadaan bahan baku, perendaman, perebusan, penirisan, penggorengan, pencampuran bumbu, pengemasan dan pengepakan. Penerimaan yang diperoleh home industri “Mentari” sebesar Rp 43.200.000,- per bulan untuk jagung goreng pedas ebi ukuran 350 gr, Rp 22.400.000,- per bulan untuk jagung goreng pedas ebi ukuran 200 gr dengan total penerimaan sebesar Rp 65.600.000,- per bulan dan keuntungan sebesar Rp 39.411.733,- per bulan. Adapun nilai tambah pada home industri “Mentari”  bulan Juli 2019 untuk jagung goreng pedas ebi ukuran 350 gr sebesar Rp 27.861,-/kg dengan rasio  nilai tambah sebesar 82,08 %, untuk jagung goreng pedas ebi ukuran 200 gr nilai tambah sebesar Rp 11.300,-/kg dengan rasio nilai tambah sebesar 71,75 %. Nilai tambah ini merupakan keuntungan yang diperoleh dari pengolahan jagung menjadi jagung goreng pedas ebi dalam penggunaan 1 kilogram bahan baku. Saluran pemasaran yang dimiliki oleh home industri “Mentari” terdapat 2 saluran pemasaran yaitu saluran pemasaran I dan saluran pemasaran II.   Kata kunci: home industry, penerimaan, keuntungan, nilai tambah, saluran pemasaran   ABSTRACT This research was carried out in July 2019 in the home industry "Mentari" in the Fatululi subdistrict, Oebobo district, Kupang city, to study the process of ebi corn production, the added value and profits of processed ebi corn and to find out the marketing channels in the home industry "Mentari ". The research area was determined purposely and the method used was the case study method. Primary data was collected through interviews, the collected data was analyzed descriptively, followed by a profit analysis, the added value of the Hayami method and the marketing of ebi-spicy fried corn. The results showed that the processing of corn into spicy corn ebi in the home industry "Mentari" in July 2019 included the sourcing of raw materials, soaking, cooking, draining, frying, seasoning, blending, and packaging. The revenue of home industry "Mentari" amounted to Rp 43,200,000, per month - for 350 grams of spicy fried corn, Rp 22,400,000, per mont - for 200 grams of spicy fried Ebi corn with a total revenue of Rp 65,600,000 and profits amounted to Rp 39.411.733,- per month. The added value of the home industry of Mentari in July 2019 for 350 grams of spicy ebi-fried corn is Rp 27.861,-/kg with a value added of 82,08 %, for 200  grams of spicy ebi-fried corn the value added is Rp 11.300,-/Kg at a value added ratio of 71,75 %. This added value results from the processing of corn into ebi-spicy fried corn using 1 kg of raw material. The marketing channels of the domestic industry "Mentari" consist of 2 marketing channels, namely the marketing channel I and the marketing channel II.   Keywords: Home industry, revenue, profit, added value, marketing channe

ANALISIS CURAHAN TENAGA KERJA WANITA TANI DALAM PRODUKSI USAHATANI PADI SAWAH DI KECAMATAN MALAKA TENGAH KABUPATEN MALAKA

This research was conducted in the Central Malaka district, namely in Wehali village and Kletek village from January to May 2020. This research aims to determine the amount of female agricultural labor force in the production of lowland rice farming, the factors that affect the outpouring of female workers in lowland rice farming. , as well as a large influence on the production of lowland rice farming. The location of the study was determined deliberately by as many as 84 female rice farmers using the Slovin formula. The types of data collected are primary data and secondary data. The data collected was then analyzed descriptively to determine the first objective, and using multiple linear regression analysis to determine the second objective.            The results showed that: (1) The total outpouring of female agricultural labor in the production of lowland rice farming in the Central Malaka district was 2,400.57 HKO/planting season of the total area of ​​land cultivated of 6,310 acres, with an average share of female labor amounting 57.95 HKO/planting season. (2) Based on the results of multiple linear regression analysis, the factor of land area and lowland rice farming income has a significant effect on the outpouring of female agricultural labor. Meanwhile, the factors of the number of family members, the level of education of female farmers, and the age of female farmers do not have a significant effect on the outpouring of female farm labor in the production of lowland rice farming in Central Malaka district, Malaka regency

ANALISIS FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PRODUKSI LABU SIAM DI DESA SAENAM KECAMATAN MIOMAFFO BARAT KABUPATEN TIMOR TENGAH UTARA

This research was conducted in Saenam Village, West Miomaffo District, North Central Timor Regency. This study aims to determine (1) the amount of chayote farming income (2) Analysis the factors that influence the production of chayote the amount of chayote farming income. The analytical method used is the Cobb - Douglas analysis. From the results of the regression analysis with the Cobb - Douglas function, the coefficient of determination (R2) is 0.664, meaning that variations in independent variables such as land area, labor, number of productive plants and fertilizer can explain the dependent variable, namely production (Y) of 65% and the remaining 35 % is explained by variables outside of the variables being analyzed.  The results of the F test (diversity test), it was found that the factors X1, X2, X3,α 5% then accept H1 at least one of : βi ≠ 0. While the resultst test (partial test) shows that the factors that significantly influence the increase in chayote production are land area, fertilizer, number of productive plants, while labor  has no significant effect. The results of this study indicate that the total average income per hectare of chayote in the research location is Rp. 2.463.840 with a total average revenue per hectare of Rp. 3.492.545.45 and the total average cost per hectare is Rp. 1.028.705

Development of Bi-modal exercise bicycle for physical fitness and rehabilitation

Exercise bicycles are used for kinesiological activities; to increase general fitness, and for training for cycling events. They are also used for weight loss. The aim of this study is to produce a special exercise bike which allows for both upper and lower limbs pedalling either independently or otherwise. The manufacturing processes employed in the design involved the use of AutoCAD design suite and other production engineering processes which included material selection and acquisition, cutting, welding and drilling. The device was tested for both comfort and effectiveness for cardiac rehabilitation using the rate of heartbeat as the test parameter. A strong positive correlation was found (p<0.001; r=0.962) between the two heart rate tests. An ergonomic evaluation of the bi-modal exercise bike showed 98% suitability of the seat-pedal height with the knee height of the study population and 100% suitability of the seathandle post height with the buttock-knee length of the population. In conclusion, the goal of developing a bi-modal exercise bike that permits simultaneous upper and lower limbs pedalling was realised.Keywords: exercise bicycle; cycling; ergometer; fitness; rehabilitation

The moderating effect of employee motivation on workplace surveillance and employee engagement amongst employees at the Zimbabwe Revenue Authority

Orientation: The study took place at the Zimbabwe Revenue Authority (ZIMRA), an organisation noted to be undergoing varying challenges because of the macro-environmental issues in Zimbabwe. Research purpose: The study examined the moderating effect of employee motivation on workplace surveillance and employee engagement amongst employees at ZIMRA. Motivation for the study: Calls exist for studies that explore how organisations can assist their employees, especially within contexts deemed to be difficult to operate in. Research approach/design and method: This study adopted the positivist research philosophy and used the quantitative research approach. A self-administered questionnaire was sent to 364 respondents using an online survey. The study utilised the principles of structural equation modelling in analysing the data. Main findings: The results are twofold. Firstly, the results of the study show the existence of a relationship between workplace surveillance and employee engagement. Secondly, this relationship is partially moderated by employee motivation. Practical/managerial implications: There is need for ZIMRA management to involve employees when making decisions on issues about workplace surveillance. Such involvement may have an effect on outcomes such as engagement and motivation within the workplace. Contribution/value-add: The study contributes to the body of knowledge by noting that employee motivation moderates the relationship between workplace surveillance and employee engagement. Thus, the presence of workplace surveillance calls for more investment in employee motivation if employees are to remain engaged with their work

Germinação de embrião de Mama-Cadela "in vitro".

Trabalhos e palestras apresentados no 40º. Congresso Brasileiro de Olericultura; 2º Congresso Ibero-Americamo sobre Utilização de Plástico na Agricultura; 1º Simpósio Latino-Americano de Produção de Plantas Medicinais, Aromáticas e Condimentares