20 research outputs found

    Colonização ictiofaunística do Reservatório de Itaipu e áreas adjacentes Ichthyofaunistic colonization of the Itaipu Reservoir and vicinity áreas

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    <abstract language="eng">Samples were taken from November 1983 to October 1989 in sites along the main body of the Itaipu reservoir and its area of influence to evaluate the impacts of this reservoir on ichthyofauna and to provide information about the colonization process in the dammed area. The ichthyofaunistic similarity between the sites was analysed during the studied period. Spatial and temporal variations of the ichthyofaunistic diversity were also done, using Shannon-Winer Index of Diversity, eveness and species richness, comparing the results with those obtained before the damming. After Itaipu Reservoir formation, it was observed significative alteration in specific abundance and ichthyofauna structure of the Paraná River, with an increase in species number in ali tributaries of the reservoir, and a high replacement in species. Diversity and species richness were higher in the dammed stretch of the Paraná river and in its tributaries of the left side after the Itaipu reservoir formation. Among the sampled sites, the highest values of the diversity index were registered in Paraná River upstream and downstream the reservoir, Iguatemi river and Arroio Guaçu. Based on information of similarity in species composition and abundance in the sampled area, five site groups could be identified

    Germinação de sementes de genótipos de maracujazeiro Seed germination of yellow passion fruit genotypes

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    O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a germinação de sementes de 22 progênies de meios-irmãos e duas cultivares de maracujazeiro (Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Degener) e submeter 6 desses genótipos a diferentes tempos de embebição. Foram conduzidos dois experimentos, sendo que no primeiro foi utilizado o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições, considerando-se cada genótipo como um tratamento. No segundo experimento, utilizou-se o mesmo delineamento experimental, num fatorial 6x4 (genótipo x tempo de embebição), com quatro repetições. Cada grupo de 50 sementes foi considerado como uma unidade experimental. No primeiro experimento, aos 28 dias, avaliaram-se a porcentagem de germinação e velocidade de emergência e aos 45 dias, a porcentagem de sobrevivência, o comprimento total das plântulas, a altura das plântulas, o comprimento de raiz, o número de folhas e a massa total das plântulas. No segundo experimento, aos 28 dias, as mesmas variáveis do experimento anterior foram avaliadas, com exceção da porcentagem de sobrevivência e número de folhas. A porcentagem de germinação das sementes e o índice de velocidade de emergência não são influenciados pelos diferentes tempos de embebição, mas pelo genótipo das plantas, indicando que estas características podem ser utilizadas para seleção, no melhoramento genético.<br>The objective of this work was to evaluate the germination of seeds of 22 half-sib progenies and two cultivars of Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Degener and submit 6 of these genotypes to different times of soak. Two experiments were carried out. The first experiment was set up on an entirely randomized design, with four repetitions, and each genotype was considered as a treatment. In the second experiment, the same experimental design was used, in a factorial 6x4 (genotype x time of soak), with four repetitions. In both experiments, each group of 50 seeds was considered as an experimental unit. In the first experiment, after 28 days, germination percentage and emergency speed were evaluated. After 45 days of survival the percentage, total plantlets and root length, plantlets height, number of leaves and total dry mass of plantlets were evaluated. In the second experiment, after 28 days, the same variables from the first experiment were evaluated, except survival percentage and number of leaves. The seed germination percentage and the emergency speed are not influenced by the different times of soak, but there is effect of plant genotype, indicating that these characteristics can be used for selection in genetic improvement

    Características bromatológicas, fermentativas e população de leveduras de silagens de cana-de-açúcar acrescidas de ureia e aditivos absorventes de umidade Fermentative and bromatological characteristics and population of yeast of sugarcane silage enriched with urea and with additive absorbent of humidity

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    Este trabalho foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos da utilização de aditivos sobre as características fermentativas e bromatológicas e a população de leveduras da silagem de cana-de-açúcar. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições. Foram testadas diferentes quantidades de aditivos à cana-de-açúcar no momento da ensilagem (com base na matéria verde da forragem): 1,5% ureia; 0,5 ureia + 4% de milho; 0,5 ureia + 4% de mandioca desidratada; 1,5% de amireia e cana-de-açúcar controle. A cana-de-açúcar da variedade RB-72454, com 18 meses de rebrota, foi armazenada em silos experimentais de concreto com capacidade de 500 kg durante 180 dias. Foram avaliados os teores de matéria seca, proteína bruta, fibra em detergente neutro, fibra em detergente ácido, carboidratos não-fibrosos, cinzas, pH, nitrogênio amoniacal e lignina e a contagem de leveduras. O maior teor de matéria seca e o menor teor de fibra em detergente neutro são obtidos com a associação de ureia e milho, que melhora o padrão fermentativo na silagem.<br>The research aimed to evaluate the use of additives on the fermentative and bromatological characteristics and the population of yeast of the sugarcane silage. The experiment was carried out in a complete randomized design with four replicates. It was tested different amount of additives added to the sugarcane silage at ensiling (based on the forage fresh matter) which were the following: urea 1.5%; urea 0.5% + corn meal 4%; urea 0.5% + dehydrated cassava 4%; starea 1.5%; sugar cane only. Sugarcane variety RB-72454, at 18 months of regrowth was stored for 180 days in experimental concrete silos (500 kg capacity). Contents of ash, pH, dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, non fiber carbohidrate, ammonium nitrogen, lignin and count of yeasts were evaluated. The greatest contents of dry matter and the lowest contents of neutral detergent fiber are observed in the urea-corn meal treatment, which improves fermentative pattern of the silage
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