Valor nutricional do triticale (X Triticosecale Wittimack) para uso como silagem na Zona da Mata de Minas Gerais Nutritional value of triticale (X Triticosecale Wittimack) for ensiling in Zona da Mata - Minas Gerais State, Brazil

Avaliaram-se, em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso com quatro repetições, os efeitos da idade de corte (83, 90, 97, 104, 111 e 118 dias) do triticale (X Triticosecale Wittimack) sobre o valor nutricional da forragem e sobre os padrões de fermentação e de qualidade da sua silagem. Houve incremento de 0,26 e decréscimo de 0,12 unidades porcentuais, respectivamente, nos teores de matéria seca (MS) e de proteína bruta (PB) da silagem, para cada dia adicional na idade de corte, sendo os maiores teores de MS obtidos de plantas cortadas aos 104 e 118 dias. Foi observado decréscimo de 0,03 unidades no pH das silagens para cada dia adicional na idade de corte do triticale. Os menores valores de pH e a menor taxa de proteólise foram observados de 97 a 118 dias de crescimento das plantas. Os parâmetros de degradação ruminal in situ da MS da forragem verde variaram de 82,2 a 91,7% (degradabilidade potencial), de 1,9 a 3,3%/h (taxa de degradação) e de 40,5 a 52,9% (degradabilidade efetiva, sob taxa de passagem ruminal de 5%/h). Na faixa de idade de corte do triticale de 83 a 118 dias em cultivo de inverno com irrigação por aspersão, na Zona da Mata de Minas Gerais, as silagens obtidas de plantas cortadas aos 104 e 111 dias de crescimento apresentam melhor qualidade de fermentação. A forragem obtida aos 83 dias de crescimento das plantas apresentou bom valor nutricional para ser utilizada sob condição de pastejo ou fornecida verde picada no cocho.<br>The effects of cutting age of triticale (X Triticosecale Wittimack) on its nutritional value, fermentation patterns, and quality of its silage were evaluated in a completely randomized design with four replications. Cutting ages were 83, 90, 97, 104, 111, and 118 days after sowing. There was an increase of 0.26 and a decrease of 0.12 percent unit on dry matter and crude protein contents, respectively, for each additional day in the cutting age. The highest values of dry matter were observed in plants cut at 104 and 118 days. It was observed a 0.03 percent unit decrease in the silage pH for each additional day in the cutting age. The lowest pH values and the lowest ammoniacal nitrogen concentration were observed from 97 to 118 days. The in situ ruminal degradation parameters of fresh forage ranged from 82.2 to 91.7% (potential degradability), from 1.9 to 3.3%/h (degradation rate), and from 40.5 to 52.9% (effective degradability under 5%/h of passage rate). When triticale was growth under irrigation in Zona da Mata during the winter and cut for silage, the best fermentation was observed at the plant ages of 104 and 111 days. At the age of 83 days, the plants showed good nutritional value to be grazed or fed as fresh cut to the animals

Production of tifton 85 hay overseeded with white oats or ryegrass

The objective of this experiment was to estimate the curve of dehydration, chemical composition and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and crude protein digestibility (IVCPD) of tifton 85 hay, produced single or overseeded with ryegrass or white oat IPR 126. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, in a 3 × 10 factorial arrangement, with three cropping systems and ten evaluation times (0, 4, 8, 24, 28, 32, 48, 52 and 56 and 71 hours after harvest) during the dehydration process. For chemical composition and in vitro DM and CP digestibility, the experimental design was in randomized blocks with three cropping systems and three evaluation times (before cutting, before baling and 100 days after of storage). It was found that tifton 85 intercropped with white oat kept its higher nutritional value after storage, with 19.78% crude protein and 70.03% of in vitro dry matter digestibility. The participation of white oat in tifton 85 area was 57.04% and for ryegrass, it was 38.52%, but the dry matter yield of single tifton 85 was higher than other intercrops. Thus, it is recommended an oversowing of winter annual species on Tifton 85, without moisture restriction, because of the benefits obtained in the hay nutritional value