Novel colorectal endoscopic in vivo imaging and resection practice: a short practice guide for interventional endoscopists

Colorectal cancer remains a leading cause of cancer death in the UK. With the advent of screening programmes and developing techniques designed to treat and stage colorectal neoplasia, there is increasing pressure on the colonoscopist to keep up to date with the latest practices in this area. This review looks at the basic principles behind endoscopic mucosal resection and forward to the potential endoscopic tools, including high-magnification chromoscopic colonoscopy, high-frequency miniprobe ultrasound and confocal laser scanning endomicroscopic colonoscopy, that may soon become part of routine colorectal cancer management

Avaliação do estado nutricional de pacientes internados em um hospital universitário Evaluation of nutritional status of hospitalized patients from an university hospital

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o estado nutricional de pacientes internados no Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, na faixa etária de 15 a 89 anos. A amostra escolhida ao acaso, foi composta por 154 indivíduos de ambos os sexos (74 homens e 80 mulheres). Durante o estudo foram coletados os dados antropométricos, os hábitos alimentares e as causas do internamento. As análises mostraram uma grande instabilidade nutricional, com elevadas prevalências tanto de baixo peso como de excesso de peso. Com relação aos hábitos alimentares foi observada pobreza e monotonia nos cardápios. Dos pacientes entrevistados, a maioria mencionou apenas seis tipos de alimentos comuns como sendo seus favoritos (arroz e feijão, carne bovina, galinha, macarrão e pão). Por outro lado, esse estudo também deixou claro a alta freqüência de tabus alimentares, o que pode limitar o consumo de vários nutrientes. Em termos de admissões ás clínicas médica e cirúrgica, a proporção para ambos o grupos foi muito similar.<br>The purpose of this research was to evaluate the nutritional status of hospitalized patients, aged 15 to 89 years old, from the Hospital das Clínicas - Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - Brazil. The sample, chosen at random, consisted of 154 individuals of both sexes (74 males and 80 females). Anthropometric data, food habits and reasons for hospitalization were recorded during the assessment. The analysis showed a great nutritional instability, with high prevalences of underweight and overweight. Regarding food habits, it was observed a poor and monotonous menu, resulted from a lack of variety. Of the patients interviewed, the majority mentioned only six kinds of common foods as their favourites (rice and beans, beef, chicken, macaroni and bread). On the other hand, this study also made clear the high frequency of food taboos, which might limit the consumption of various nutrients. In terms of admissions to the medical and surgical services, the proportion for both groups was very similar