Diffusion-controlled phase growth on dislocations

We treat the problem of diffusion of solute atoms around screw dislocations. In particular, we express and solve the diffusion equation, in radial symmetry, in an elastic field of a screw dislocation subject to the flux conservation boundary condition at the interface of a new phase. We consider an incoherent second-phase precipitate growing under the action of the stress field of a screw dislocation. The second-phase growth rate as a function of the supersaturation and a strain energy parameter is evaluated in spatial dimensions d=2 and d=3. Our calculations show that an increase in the amplitude of dislocation force, e.g. the magnitude of the Burgers vector, enhances the second-phase growth in an alloy. Moreover, a relationship linking the supersaturation to the precipitate size in the presence of the elastic field of dislocation is calculated.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures, a revised version of the paper presented in MS&T'08, October 5-9, 2008, Pittsburg

Theoretical and methodological approaches to the determination of the "capital of enterprise" economic essence

Розглянуто основні підходи до обґрунтування сутності поняття "капітал підприємства". Сформовано власне визначення категорії "капітал" підприємства як матеріальні, грошові та нематеріальні ресурси, що авансовано у формування активів підприємства, необхідних для здійснення його господарської діяльності в довгостроковій перспективі, з метою отримання доходу та прибутку. Визначено склад взаємопов'язаних і взаємообумовлених внутрішніх і зовнішніх факторів, що впливають на структуру капіталу підприємства та визначають можливості управління ним.The main approaches to substantiating the essence of the concept of "capital of an enterprise" are considered. The actual definition of the category of "capital" of the enterprise as material, monetary and intangible resources, which was advanced in forming the assets of an enterprise necessary for its economic activity in the long run, was formed for the purpose of obtaining income and profits. The composition of interconnected and mutually determined internal and external factors influencing the structure of the enterprise capital and determine the possibilities of management of it are determined. The internal factors determining the peculiarities of the formation and composition of the capital of enterprises are: the organizational and legal form of the enterprise's activity, the existing capital structure, the level of profitability of the operating acti vity, the size of the enterprise and the stage of its life cycle, the degree of financial stability, the priorities of owners and management in choosing a method of financial provision, etc. External factors are the following: the state of the legislative process, the level of administrative influence on the economy of enterprises, the stability of the commodity market, the financial market situation, the tax burden on the enterprise, the ratio of creditors and investors to a particular enterprise, the degree of credit risk and the level of potential of the banking system, tendencies of development of other branches of economy