1,093 research outputs found
Water, Water, Anywhere?: Protecting Water Quantity in State Water Quality Standards
Although much of the earth’s surface is covered with water, less than one percent of water is available for human use. Water is becoming progressively scarcer worldwide, as demand increases and pollution, drought, and climate change jeopardize access to clean water. The United States is no exception to that trend. Effective regulation of water supplies can blunt the impacts of water scarcity. This Article suggests that states can—and should—regulate instream flows and lake levels in their federally-mandated water quality standards, with an eye toward conserving scarce water resources. Regulating water quantity as an element of water quality is not only permissible under the Federal Clean Water Act according to Supreme Court precedent, but it is also a prudent safeguard against water shortages. This Article advocates for the adoption of numeric water quality criteria mandating minimum river instream flows and lake levels pursuant to section 303 of the Clean Water Act. It argues that numeric criteria are preferable to both narrative criteria, which may be vaguer and less susceptible to enforcement, and continued reliance on the willingness of agency staff to interpret the designated uses of water bodies and state antidegradation policies as requiring adequate amounts of water
Testing Alternative Theories of the Property Price-Trading Volume Correlation
This article examines the correlation between the real housing price and trading volume. Contrary to the predictions of standard rational expectation models, a robust positive correlation between the two variables is identified. While no clear lead-lag relationship is found in the raw data, which is more consistent with the downpayment effect model, the medium-run component of the trading volume tends to lead (and Granger cause) the corresponding component of the property price, which is more consistent with the search theoretic model. An explanation for this difference in behavior is suggested and several future research directions are provided.
Renormalization Group Analysis of \rho-Meson Properties at Finite Density
We calculate the density dependence of the -meson mass and coupling
constant() for -nucleon-nucleon vertex at one loop using the
lagrangian where the -meson is included as a dynamical gauge boson of a
hidden local symmetry. From the condition that thermodynamic potential should
not depend on the arbitrary energy scale, renormalization scale, one can
construct a renormalization group equation for the thermodynamic potential and
argue that the various renormalization group coefficients are functions of the
density or temperature. We calculate the -function for
-nucleon-nucleon coupling constant () and -function
for -meson mass (). We found that the -meson mass
and the coupling constant for drop as density increases in the
low energy limit.Comment: 24 pages, 10 figures, revised versio
Lorentz gauge theory as a model of emergent gravity
We consider a class of Lorentz gauge gravity theories within Riemann-Cartan
geometry which admits a topological phase in the gravitational sector. The
dynamic content of such theories is determined only by the contortion part of
the Lorentz gauge connection. We demonstrate that there is a unique Lagrangian
that admits propagating spin one mode in correspondence with gauge theories of
other fundamental interactions. Remarkably, despite the R^2 type of the
Lagrangian and non-compact structure of the Lorentz gauge group, the model
possesses rather a positive-definite Hamiltonian. This has been proved in the
lowest order of perturbation theory. This implies further consistent
quantization and leads to renormalizable quantum theory. It is assumed that the
proposed model describes possible mechanism of emergent Einstein gravity at
very early stages of the Universe due to quantum dynamics of contortion.Comment: 11 pages, final version, minor correction
- …