Effects of Chronic Waterborne Nickle Exposure on Two Successive Generations of \u3cem\u3eDaphnia Magna\u3c/em\u3e

In a 21-d chronic toxicity test in which an F0 generation of Daphnia magna were exposed to waterborne Ni, the noobservable-effect concentration (for survival, reproduction, and growth) was 42 μg Ni L-1, or 58% of the measured 21-d median lethal concentration (LC50) of 71.9 μg Ni L-1 (95% confidence interval, 56.5–95.0). Chronic exposure to 85 μg Ni L-1 caused marked decreases in survival, reproduction, and growth in F0 animals. In the F1 generation (daphnids born of mothers from the chronically exposed F0 generation), animals chronically exposed to 42 μg Ni L-1 for 11 d weighed significantly less (20%) than controls, indicating increased sensitivity of F1 animals. Additionally, in this successive generation, significant decreases in whole-body levels of metabolites occurred following exposure to both 42 μg Ni L-1 (decreased glycogen and adenosine triphosphate [ATP]) and 21 μg Ni L-1 (decreased ATP). No significant changes were observed in whole-body total lipid, total protein, and lactate levels at any concentration. Whereas F1 neonates with mothers that were exposed to 21 μg Ni L-1 showed increased resistance to acute Ni challenge, as measured by a significant (83%) increase in the acute (48-h) LC50, F1 neonates with mothers that were exposed to 42 μg Ni L-1 were no more tolerant of acute Ni challenge than control animals were. Nickel accumulations in F1 animals chronically exposed to 21 and 42 μg Ni L-1 were 11- and 18-fold, respectively, above control counterparts. The data presented suggest that chronic Ni exposure to two successive generations of D. magna lowered the overall energy state in the second generation. Whereas the quantity of neonates produced was not affected, the quality was; thus, environmentally meaningful criteria for regulating waterborne Ni concentrations in freshwater require consideration of possible multigenerational effects

Continued Progress: Promising Evidence on Personalized Learning

The findings are grouped into four sections. The first section on student achievement finds that there were positive effects on student mathematics and reading performance and that the lowest-performing students made substantial gains relative to their peers. The second section on implementation and the perceptions of stakeholders finds that adoption of personalized learning practices varied considerably. Personalized learning practices that are direct extensions of current practice were more common, but implementation of some of the more challenging personalized learning strategies was less common. The third section relates implementation features to outcomes and identifies three elements of personalized learning that were being implemented in tandem in the schools with the largest achievement effects. Finally, the fourth section compares teachers' and students' survey responses to a national sample and finds some differences, such as teachers' greater use of practices that support competency-based learning and greater use of technology for personalization in the schools in this study with implementation data

Modal Sosial Antar Etnis pada Komunitas Kawasan Usaha Batu Bata di Rw 027 Kelurahan Sail Kecamatan Tenayan Raya Kota Pekanbaru Riau

This research was conducted in the District Tenayan Raya Pekanbaru. The purpose of this study was to determine how to form inter-ethnic Social Capital Community contained in RW 027 and the factors that influence it. In the data collection researchers conducted observations and depth interviews. Subjects in this study amounted to 10 people. The data obtained was processed in the form of descriptive qualitative analysis. Sampling technique research using purposive sampling technique. The result from this research that social capital there are exist in the form: (1) trust, applied by the citizens by establish a relationship with good friends among them and maintaining trust with no cheating in their work and mutual trust in matters of employment in other words, not put an excessive suspicion. (2) Social Network, as seen in the sharing of information between citizens in finding or getting a job or workers, help each other in need and share in the joy, and mutual cooperation involving all citizens without distinction of each other in race, religion, race, and intergroup. (3) Social norms, formed themselves that nothing written in the rules in RW 027, but personally and awareness of citizens to know how to respect each other despite differences of culture, language and ethnicity and religion. And the factors forming social capital in society of RW 027 is : (1) has long shared with together routines making them an intense met each other, (2) Comfortable and safe sense, (3) Good communication and the openness of society to newcomers. In the social capital that exist in the society created by people trying not to disturb the public tranquility else and be friendly and humble among them and greeted each other so that at the end of the third factor makes people intimate and social capital solid.Keywords : Social Capital, Ethnic, Societ

Komunikasi Interpersonal Pengasuh dalam Membentuk Sikap Positif Anak Didik Dipanti Asuhan Aisyiyah Pekanbaru

Interpersonal communication is an interaction that is very important in establishing a good relationship between the educator with students at the orphanage. Through interpersonal communication educator can educate and teach students to be better. The aim of this study is to explain how the educator role of interpersonal communication in shaping positive attitudes of students in orphanages and explain interpersonal relationships educator in shaping positive attitudes of the students at the orphanage.This study was conducted in Pekanbaru Aisyiyah Orphanage located at Jalan Ahmad Dahlan Pekanbaru. This study used a qualitative descriptive study describes and interprets the data. Informants in this study were caregivers, students, and leaders Orphanage using techniques purposiv. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, and documentation.These results indicate the role of educator in the form of interpersonal communication positive attitude of the students in the Orphanage Aisyiyah Pekanbaru going well. Interpersonal communication between educator with children educated in orphanages instrumental in helping educator to educate and change attitudes of the students at the orphanage so that students in orphanages have the attitude and behavior is good or positive. Educator relationship interpersonal communication in shaping positive attitudes of students in the Orphanage Aisyiyah Pekanbaru also going well. Good interpersonal communication between educator with students forming a good relationship between the educator with the students so that the creation of comfort for students in orphanages so to facilitate educator to educate and nurture students to be better.Keywords: Interpersonal Communication, Interpersonal Communication Purposes, Characteristics And Role Of Interpersonal Communication, Interpersonal Relationship, Orphanages And Educato

Pengujian Kuat Tarik Lentur Beton Dengan Variasi Kuat Tekan Beton

Beton adalah campuran antara semen Portland atau semen hidraulik yang lain, agregat halus, agregat kasar, dan air dengan atau tanpa bahan tambah membentuk massa padat. Beton polos memiliki kekuatan tekan yang tinggi dibandingkan dengan kekuatan tariknya. Kuat tekan beban beton adalah besarnya beban per satuan luas, yang menyebabkan benda uji beton hancur bila dibebani dengan gaya tekan tertentu, yang dihasilkan oleh mesin tekan. Kuat tarik beton biasanya 8%-15% dari kuat tekan beton. Kuat tarik adalah suatu sifat yang penting yang mempengaruhi perambatan dan ukuran dari retak di dalam struktur. Sebuah balok yang diberi beban akan mengalami deformasi, oleh sebab itu timbul momen-momen lentur sebagai perlawanan dari material yang membentuk balok tersebut terhadap beban luar. Kuat tarik lentur adalah kemampuan balok beton yang diletakkan pada dua perletakan untuk menahan gaya dengan arah tegak lurus sumbu benda uji, yang diberikan padanya, sampai benda uji patah dan dinyatakan dalam Mega Pascal (MPa) gaya tiap satuan luas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah, membandingkan hubungan antara kuat tarik lentur beton dan kuat tekan beton. Pada penelitian dilakukan perawatan selama 28 hari dengan benda uji yang digunakan adalah balok 100x100x400 mm sebanyak 32 buah untuk pengujian kuat tarik lentur dan silinder 10/20 mm sebanyak 20 buah untuk pengujian kuat tekan. Variasi kuat tekan yang digunakan yaitu 20,25,30 dan 35 MPa. Hasil pengujian menyatakan bahwa nilai kuat tarik lentur pada beton mengalami kenaikan yaitu semakin besar nilai kuat tekan maka nilai kuat tarik lentur yang dihasilkan semakin besar pula. Pada penelitian ini nilai fr/ berkisar 0,81 sampai 0,83

Perencanaan Drainase Jalan Raya Semarang - Bawen Km 12+400 - Km 16+600 (Jamu Jago - Balai Pelatihan Transmigrasi Dan Penyandang Cacat Jateng)

Flooding or inundation problem is often occurs in highways in Indonesia, including in Semarang - Bawen highway which national highway. When raining, inundation occurs along that highway, so disturbs people and causes damage to pavement. Inundation occurs due to the not optimum drainage system cause of sedimentation at curb inlet and side channel. So, to find out how the drainage system performance we do hydrological analysis to calculate discharge plan with a return period of 5 years according to total area of drainage channel and city typology and then compare it with existing discharge side channel and culvert. Results of the comparison between discharge plan and existing discharge show that existing side channel and culvert can not accomodate discharge plan, so it is necessary to redimensional side channel and culvert. Cross section is planned rectangular because the limited area, while culverts is planned circle and rectangular (U-ditch). Curb inlet is planned 2 types namely (1) curb with hole with dimension 13/16 x 30 x 50 cm and its hole 15 x 30 cm to slope < 6% and concrete curb inlet with dimension 10 x 15 to slope ≥ 6%