Surface-Wave Dispersion Retrieval Method and Synthesis Technique for Bianisotropic Metasurfaces

We propose a surface-wave dispersion retrieval method and synthesis technique that applies to bianisotropic metasurfaces that are embedded in symmetric or asymmetric environments. Specifically, we use general zero-thickness sheet transition conditions to relate the propagation constants of surface-wave modes to the bianisotropic susceptibility components of the metasurface, which can themselves be directly related to its scattering parameters. It is then possible to either obtain the metasurface dispersion diagram from its known susceptibilities or, alternatively, compute the susceptibilities required to achieve a desired surface-wave propagation. The validity of the method is demonstrated by comparing its results to those obtained with exact dispersion relations of well known structures such as the propagation of surface plasmons on thin metallic films. In particular, this work reveals that it is possible to achieve surface-wave propagation only on one side of the metasurface either by superposition of symmetric and asymmetric modes in the case of anisotropic metasurfaces or by completely forbidding the existence of the surface wave on one side of the structure using bianisotropic metasurfaces

Multipolar Origin of the Unexpected Transverse Force Resulting from Two-Wave Interference

We propose a theoretical study on the electromagnetic forces resulting from the superposition of a TE and TM plane waves interacting with a sphere. Specifically, we first show that, under such an illumination condition, the sphere is subjected to a force transverse to the propagation direction of the waves. We then analyze the physical origin of this counter-intuitive behavior using a multipolar decomposition of the electromagnetic modes involved in that scattering process. This analysis reveals that interference effects, due to the two-wave illumination, lead to a Kerker-like asymmetric scattering behavior resulting in this peculiar transverse force

A Pricing-Based Cooperative Spectrum Sharing Stackelberg Game

We consider the problem of cooperative spectrum sharing among a primary user (PU) and multiple secondary users (SUs) under quality of service (QoS) constraints. The SUs network is controlled by the PU through a relay which gets a revenue for amplifying and forwarding the SUs signals to their respective destinations. The relay charges each SU a different price depending on its received signal-to-interference and-noise ratio (SINR). The relay can control the SUs network and maximize any desired PU utility function. The PU utility function represents its rate, which is affected by the SUs access, and its gained revenue to allow the access of the SUs. The SU network can be formulated as a game in which each SU wants to maximize its utility function; the problem is formulated as a Stackelberg game. Finally, the problem of maximizing the primary utility function is solved through three different approaches, namely, the optimal, the heuristic and the suboptimal algorithms.Comment: 7 pages. IEEE, WiOpt 201

Homogenization and Scattering Analysis of Second-Harmonic Generation in Nonlinear Metasurfaces

We propose an extensive discussion on the homogenization and scattering analysis of second-order nonlinear metasurfaces. Our developments are based on the generalized sheet transition conditions (GSTCs) which are used to model the electromagnetic responses of nonlinear metasurfaces. The GSTCs are solved both in the frequency domain, assuming an undepleted pump regime, and in the time-domain, assuming dispersionless material properties but a possible depleted pump regime. Based on these two modeling approaches, we derive the general second-harmonic reflectionless and transmissionless conditions as well as the conditions of asymmetric reflection and transmission. We also discuss and clarify the concept of nonreciprocal scattering pertaining to nonlinear metasurfaces

Cosmological Solution in M-theory on S^1/Z_2

We provide the first example of a cosmological solution of the Horava-Witten supergravity. This solution is obtained by exchanging the role of time with the radial coordinate of the transverse space to the five-brane soliton. On the boundary this corresponds to rotating an instanton solution into a tunneling process in a space with Lorentzian signature, leading to an expanding universe. Due to the freedom to choose different non-trivial Yang-Mills backgrounds on the boundaries, the two walls of the universe ( visible and hidden worlds) expand differently. However at late times the anisotropy is washed away by gravitational interactions.Comment: 10 pages, latex, no figur

PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA BISNIS MELALUI MULTILATERAL INVESTMENT GUARANTEE AGENCY TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN INVESTASI DI INDONESIA

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana penyelesaian sengketa antara investor dan negara penerima modal yang menanamkan modalnya di Indonesia dan Bagaimana peranan Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency dalam penyelesaian sengketa bisnis bidang investasi di Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif, disimpulkan: 1. Penyelesaian sengketa antara investor (penanam modal asing) dan pemerintah negara penerima modal yang menanamkan modalnya di Indonesia dapat diselesaikan melalui Arbitrase Internasional ICSID (International Convention  on  The Settlement  of  Dispute) ataupun  ICC  (International  Chamber  of  Commerce). ICSID berkedudukan di Washington DC yang akan diselenggarakan menurut “The convention of the settlement of investment dispute between states and national other statesâ€. 2. Peranan Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency dalam penyelesaian sengketa bisnis bidang investasi di Indonesia yaitu dengan memajukan (aliran) penanaman modal untuk tujuan-tujuan produktif di Indonesia. Untuk tujuan ini Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency akan memberikan aliran penanaman modal dan melaksanakan kegiatan-kegiatan lainnya untuk mencapai tujuannya. Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency menyediakan jaminan terhadap investasi yang ditanam oleh para investor asing yang ada di Indonesia.Kata kunci: Penyelesaian, Sengketa Bisnis, Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency, Investasi