Face Recognition Using Line Edge Mapping Approach

The research is based on developmeni of an authentication system. Similar to these is the fucial features authentication method which is a very new and unpopular method of authentication. The method is very unique with its operation as it doesn't require contact between the individual and the authentication device. The palm and retinal scanners have motivated the invention of the authentication system Retinal scanners are contactless authentication methods which scans the venation in the retinal of the individual which is of course unique to human beings. The technology employed in this work uses picture fuomes from videos, detects fucial features, and or matches the fuce to the respective individual's face features in the database. Authentication systems are used to identifY or verifY an individual as well as to distinguish the individual so far identified. This work develops an authentication system that operates with similar accuracy and speed of the bnman identification

Improving The Thermoplastic Extrusion Process In Cable Manufacturing

Cable manufacturing in a developing country like Nigeria today is faced with a number of problems that affect the quality of cables produced from extrusion to insulation of conductors. The main cause of the problems is the low and variable output rate from extruder causing non-uniform conductor diameter which results in insulation surface appearance defects. These defects manifest in form of pimples, dimples, cracking, air cavity, voids and porosity within the plastics which are insulation. The conductor insulation normally used is the Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) which is normally sourced locally or imported. The locally produced PVC is cheaper in cost than the imported one but at the expense of quality due to inconsistency in the percentage combination of plasticizers, fillers, stabilizers, lubricants, and other additives required for producing quality PVC resin for cable applications. If the local manufacturers of PVC are not patronized, it will lead to employees losing their jobs and most likely their family income with other attending societal ills. The work in this paper takes a close to look at what should be done to improve the quality of locally produced PVC at little or no increase in cost. It has been discussed while working with one of the manufacturers that the required additives to produce an acceptable level of quality PVC resins for cable application are not optimally combined proportionately. In order to improve the quality oflocal plastics, optimum proportion of the required additives for quality cable insulation were experimentally determined at a comparable cost and better additive material consumption. The ratio of weight per charge (Kg/charge) of additives especially plasticizer and chalk gave a good output comparable in quality to the imported ones. The test results obtained from the analysis of the local plastics with optimum proportion of additives are comparable to the imported one. The analysis is based on insulation test, cost savings, material consumption/wastages, viscosity, melt temperature, flows and pressure requirements associated with extrusion process of thermoplastic

Transmission Network Enhancement with Renewable Energy

Wind and solar energy play an important role in the de - carbonization of electricity generation. However, high shares of these Variable Renewable Energies (VREs) challenge the power system considerably due to their temporal fluctuations and geographical dispersion. This paper systematically reviews and analyzes transmission grid extensions as an integration measure for VREs. Effects of grid extensions for fundamental properties of the power system as a function of the penetration and mix of wind coupled with solar energy were revealed in the study. The paper also provides an overview of the system implication of wind and solar PV energy and investigates a way to partly overcome transmission grid extension

Smart Grid Technology Potentials in Nigeria: an Overview

In recent time electricity system in Nigeria has suffered lots of difficulties that have led to the epileptic electricity supply without any solution improvement. The poor power system has affected the economic development of the nation. Despite all the different strategies of reform embarked on by the Nigeria government, the energy sector is still not efficient or reliable. This poor power system is as a result of the inadequate and inefficient power generation, poor transmission and distribution facilities, and out worn metering system used by electricity consumers. This paper strives to present the way forward for the Nigerian epileptic electricity by reviewing the power sector as a whole and smart grid potential.This paper compare the traditional grid with the smart grid, looking at the smart potentials that the Nigeria grid can achieve reliability and efficiency. Several benefits can be achieved by the power supplied to the Nigeria masses to have a good quality and reliable supply if the smart grid potentials are considered. Smart grid is an emerging technology that can lead to the modernization of the electrical power system, comprising of communication systems with different storage technology, distributed generation and loads. The content of this paper is to manage energy use more efficiently, save money on electricity, and provide technology and processes that are integrated into the appliances and devices consumers use in their everyday lives, all without causing significant disruptio

Design And Development Of A Microcontroller Based Wireless Security Access System

Security can simply be protecting your equipment and files from unauthorized access, but there is much more. Computer security helps ensure that your computers, networks, and peripherals work as expected all the time, and that your dsta is safe in the event of hard disk crash or a power failure resulting from an electrical storm. Security makes sure no dsmage is done to your dsta and that no one is able to read it unless you want them to. This work focuses on security from the dimension of remote wireless access using password credential. In various industries, companies and even homes of today, the use of this means of security is very popular and various evolution over the years have been made to the first model that came out in the late 1800's. The main activities involved in this work are the research done on how the automatic gate works and the transfer of frequency modulated signals using the transmitter and receiver module

Power quality considerations for embedded generation integration in Nigeria: A case study of ogba 33 kV injection substation

The deregulation of the Nigerian power sector has resulted in the quest to explore power generation options for power quality improvement. One of such options is the pattern shift from central power generation to embedded power generation. Network integration of embedded generators (EGs) causes several regulatory, technical and economic issues. This research focuses on power quality challenges that may arise as a result of network integration of embedded generation in a weak electricity networks using Ogba 33 kV injection substation as case study. The embedded generators considered comprised of gas turbine and diesel generators. NEPLAN software was used to perform the load flow analysis with and without EGs connection on the network. This was necessary so as to ascertain the healthiness of the existing distribution network for EGs integration. The power quality issues considered in the study were bus voltage profiles and the total line losses. Simulation results showed that EGs connection improved the voltage profile, for example, bus voltage at PTC 11 kV, improved from 0.881 pu to 0.958 pu while the total active power loss was reduced by 78.16%. The results obtained suggest that the grid is healthy enough to accommodate the EGs with no quality issues

Synchronous Generator Excitation Chatter-Free Sliding Mode Controller

A chatter-free sliding mode controller (SMC) for synchronous generator excitation is presented in this paper. A linearized model of a single machine connected to an infinite bus is employed to design a variable-structure controller which not only stabilizes the system, but also ensures that this is maintained in the face of system parameter variations. Validating the robustness feature of an SMC, simulation results that show the dynamic performance of the system under both constant excitation and SMC-controlled excitation are presented

Contingency Analysis for Assessing Line Losses in Nigeria 330-kV Power lines

Line losses ill transmission lilies constitute one of the llllljor problt!llls affecting power generation and distribution systems. Losses luwe beelt foulld to affect the overall ejJidency of a system. Therefore, to illcretUe the efficiency of any system, losses must be minimized, This paper carried out a comprehensive study alld analym of line losses associated with Nigeritz 330-kV power transmission lines. The work includes the power-flow analysis carrid out on the existilfg Mtwork using both the Newton-Rapltson (N-R)wrltten in code-btlsed MATLAB a1ld the model-based N-R ill Power World Simulator (PWS) environment. The power-flow analysis HillS further subjected to contingency analysis and silllukdion using the N-R in PWS. Two 101111-flows were performed to reveal voltage violated buses.The resulb showed that the bus voltages outsith the statutory limit of 0.95- 1.05p.u(i.e 313.5 - 346.5kV) occurred at buses2-Bimi1JKebbi (0.9183pu), bus 9 Akangba (0.937pu), bus 18-0nitslul (0.935pu), bus 20-New-Htn~e~~ (0.920pu), bus 25- Kaduna (0.9233pu), bus 26-Kano (0.776pu), bus 22-Jos (0.8192pu) and bus 28-Gombe (0. 7247pu) under normal uncompensated conditio11. CfiiHICitive shunt compensation was applkd on these buses and the results recorded appreciable loss rethlction (about 111.35%). The result of the 11ingk line contiiJgency analyllis for uncompeMated and compen~~ated indicates a total of 335 alld 25 voltage bus violl.ltions respectivel

Wind Energy Potential in Nigeria

Wind energy is one of the fastest growing technologies in energy generation industry nowadays. The erratic and epileptic state of power in this country and the concern about global warming should be a great concern for all and should drive us into strong demand for wind generation. The main advantages of electricity generation from wind are the absence of harmful emissions, very clean and the almost infinite availability of the wind that is converted into electricity. In Nigeria, where the wind power prospect is estimated to be high or moderate has not connected this renewable resources to the grid. It is not just enough to say that the wind turbines should be connected to the grid because there are sufficient wind speeds to drive the wind turbine. Mostly, the stability and reliability studies must be carried out whenever wind power is to be connected to power system to predict severe consequences on the power system to which the wind generators will be connected. This paper therefore describes the wind energy potential in Nigeria and specifies the conditions to be met before the wind generator can be connected to the existing grid and how it can be connected. The paper also shows that short-circuit power at Point of Common Coupling (PCC) is the crucial value for the permissible installed power ratings of the turbine

Investigation of the Performance of of Synchronous Generators Equipped with Nonlinear Excitation Controller

Investigation of the dynamic performance of a synchronous generator connected to an infinite bus (SMIB) system is carried out in this paper. The generator is equipped with a nonlinear excitation control law based on the concepts of geometric homogeneity and feedback linearization. A new positive parameter, called the dilation gain, is introduced in the control law for improved damping of oscillations and better dynamic performance. Two models of the system are employed for the study, and a disturbance in form of a network fault with varied durations is applied to test the performance of the system. Simulation results as well as MATLAB® code for testing for exact linearization of an affine nonlinear system are provided