Modelling sustainable lighting with eyetracker and spatial syntax techniques

This research provides an integrated methodological approach based on the combined use of spatial syntax modelling and eyetracker analysis techniques for lighting sustainability aimed to adaptive reuse of all the spaces with high historical, architectural, philological value of Cultural Heritage (CH). MosLESS (Modelling Sustainable Lighting with Eyetracker and Spatial Syntax techniques) is the proposed method, that can suggest fundamental guidelines for dynamic and static lighting in the museographic and museological areas, but also for reuse, conservation and enhancement of historical and CH buildings integrated with efficient energy management and conservation and protection needs. The National Museum of San Matteo in Pisa (Italy) was the pilot project. Particular environments were chosen for the experimental measurement campaigns carried out to assess dynamic and static visual fields, vision and perception. Methodological approach and results can be useful tools for exhibition planning with important energy, social and cultural effects. A further objective of the research will be to facilitate cultural exchanges, communication and new procedures for the digital management of the transmission or modification of museographic and exhibition projects, up to relations with public clients, as well as integrated management of information and decision-making processes

Differential expression profiles of cell-to-matrix-related molecules in adrenal cortical tumors: Diagnostic and prognostic implications

The molecular mechanisms of adrenocortical carcinoma development are incompletely defined. De-regulation of cellular-to-extracellular matrix interactions and angiogenesis appear among mechanisms associated to the malignant phenotype. Our aim was to investigate, employing PCR-based array profiling, 157 molecules involved in cell-to-matrix interactions and angiogenesis in a frozen series of 6 benign and 6 malignant adrenocortical neoplasms, to identify novel pathogenetic markers. In 14 genes, a significant dysregulation was detected in adrenocortical carcinomas as compared to adenomas, most of them being downregulated. Three exceptions—hyaluronan synthase 1 (HAS-1), laminin α3 and osteopontin genes—demonstrated an increased expression in adrenocortical carcinomas of 4.46, 4.23 and 20.32-fold, respectively, and were validated by immunohistochemistry on a series of paraffin-embedded tissues, including 20 adenomas and 73 carcinomas. Osteopontin protein, absent in all adenomas, was expressed in a carcinoma subset (25/73) (p = 0.0022). Laminin α3 and HAS-1 were mostly expressed in smooth muscle and endothelial cells of the vascular network of both benign and malignant adrenocortical tumors. HAS-1 was also detected in tumor cells, with a more intense pattern in carcinomas. In this group, strong expression was significantly associated with more favorable clinicopathological features. These data demonstrate that cell-to-matrix interactions are specifically altered in adrenocortical carcinoma and identify osteopontin and HAS-1 as novel potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, respectively, in adrenal cortical tumors

Pathological characterization of tumor immune microenvironment (Time) in malignant pleural mesothelioma

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Tumor immune microenvironment is an important structural component of malignant pleural mesothelioma that contributes to disease growth support and progression. Its study and pathological characterization are important tools to find new biomarkers for advanced therapeutic strategies. ABSTRACT: Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare and highly aggressive disease that arises from pleural mesothelial cells, characterized by a median survival of approximately 13–15 months after diagnosis. The primary cause of this disease is asbestos exposure and the main issues associated with it are late diagnosis and lack of effective therapies. Asbestos-induced cellular damage is associated with the generation of an inflammatory microenvironment that influences and supports tumor growth, possibly in association with patients’ genetic predisposition and tumor genomic profile. The chronic inflammatory response to asbestos fibers leads to a unique tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) composed of a heterogeneous mixture of stromal, endothelial, and immune cells, and relative composition and interaction among them is suggested to bear prognostic and therapeutic implications. TIME in MPM is known to be constituted by immunosuppressive cells, such as type 2 tumor-associated macrophages and T regulatory lymphocytes, plus the expression of several immunosuppressive factors, such as tumor-associated PD-L1. Several studies in recent years have contributed to achieve a greater understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms in tumor development and pathobiology of TIME, that opens the way to new therapeutic strategies. The study of TIME is fundamental in identifying appropriate prognostic and predictive tissue biomarkers. In the present review, we summarize the current knowledge about the pathological characterization of TIME in MPM

Особливості функціонування оцінних дієслівних лексем у публіцистичному дискурсі

Стаття присвячена дослідженню семантико-стилістичних особливостей оціночної дієслівної лексики в публіцистичному дискурсі, виділенню тематичних груп інгерентно та адгерентно оціночної дієслівної лексики, а також визначенню основних типів сенсибилізації оціночних дієслів-прагмем. Ключові слова: публіцистичний дискурс, дискурс, прагмема, іформема, дієслова інгерентної оцінки, адгерентно оціночні дієслова, дієслівна прагмема, сенсибілізація, лінгвістичні сенсибілізатори.Статья посвящена исследованию семантико-стилистических особенностей оценочной глагольной лексики в публицистическом дискурсе, выделению тематических групп ингерентно и адгерентно оценочной глагольной лексики, а также определению основных типов сенсибилизации оценочных глаголов-прагмем. Ключевые слова: публицистический дискурс, прагмема, информема, глаголы ингерентной оценки, адгерентно оценочные глаголы, глагольная прагмема, сенсибилизация, лингвистические сенсибилизаторы.The article is dedicated to study of the semantic-stylistic features of estimated verbal vocabulary in publicistic discourse, to allocation of thematic groups ingerentno and angerentno estimated verbal vocabulary, and also to definition of the basic types of a sensubulisation of estimated verbs-pragmem. Keywords: Publicistic discourse, pragmems, informem, the ingerentno estimated verbs, the angerentno estimated verbs, verbal pragmems, a sensubulisation, linguistic sensubulisator