Axioms for consensus functions on the n-cube

An elementary general result is proved that allows for simple characterizations of well-known location/consensus functions (median, mean and center) on the n-cube. In addition, alternate new characterizations are given for the median and anti-median functions on the n-cube.Comment: 12 page

A Grazing Method to Solve the Lack of Pastures in the Dry Season of Tropical Areas with Long Periods of Drought

Rotational grazing systems used in tropical areas in Latin America do not solve the great difference in pasture availability between the dry and the rainy season. The main studies on rational grazing (Voisin, 1963) were performed in temperate areas where the deficit of feeds in winter may only be solved with external feeds such as forages and silages produced out of the grazing system. The objective of this work was to demonstrate that it is possible to maintain pasture availability throughout the year with the use of a Pennisetum purpureum clone (Cuba CT-115) adapted to grazing (Martínez et al., 1995), in spite of the dry season

Linking atmospheric rivers and warm conveyor belt airflows

Extreme precipitation associated with extratropical cyclones can lead to flooding if cyclones track over land. However, the dynamical mechanisms by which moist air is transported into cyclones is poorly understood. In this paper we analyse airflows within a climatology of cyclones in order to understand how cyclones redistribute moisture stored in the atmosphere. This analysis shows that within a cyclones' warm sector the cyclone-relative airflow is rearwards relative to the cyclone propagation direction. This low-level airflow (termed the feeder airstream) slows down when it reaches the cold front resulting in moisture flux convergence and the formation of a band of high moisture content. One branch of the feeder airstream turns towards the cyclone centre supplying moisture to the base of the warm conveyor belt where it ascends and precipitation forms. The other branch turns away from the cyclone centre exporting moisture from the cyclone. As the cyclone travels, this export results in a filament of high moisture content marking the track of the cyclone (often used to identify atmospheric rivers). We find that both cyclone precipitation and water vapour transport increase when moisture in the feeder airstream increases, thus explaining the link between atmospheric rivers and the precipitation associated with warm conveyor belt ascent. Atmospheric moisture budgets calculated as cyclones pass over fixed domains relative to the cyclone tracks, show that continuous evaporation of moisture in the pre cyclone environment moistens the feeder airstream. Evaporation behind the cold front acts to moisten the atmosphere in the wake of the cyclone passage, potentially preconditioning the environment for subsequent cyclone development

Short pulse generation in solid state lasers by a novel passive technique

Includes bibliographical references (page 216).A novel passive Q-switching technique based on self-focusing is studied theoretically and experimentally. In this paper we present results obtained with a simple aberrationless gaussian model that describes the short pulse generation dynamics for different cavity configurations and different nonlinear characteristics of the focusing medium. Experimental results are also presented that are in good agreement with the predictions of the theoretical model. Preliminary results in ultrashort pulse generation are also presented

Caracterização de bactérias e fungos envolvidos na degradação de sulfentrazona em solos.

bitstream/CNPMA/8148/1/boletim_51.pd

Single Hole Green's Functions in Insulating Copper Oxides at Nonzero Temperature

We consider the single hole dynamics in a modified $t-J$ model at finite temperature. The modified model includes a next nearest ($t'$) and next-next nearest ($t''$) hopping. The model has been considered before in the zero temperature limit to explain angle resolved photo-emission measurements. We extend this consideration to the case of finite temperature where long-range anti-ferromagnetic order is destroyed, using the self-consistent Born approximation. The Dyson equation which relates the single hole Green's functions for a fixed pseudo-spin and for fixed spin is derived. The Green's function with fixed pseudo-spin is infrared stable but the Green's function with fixed spin is close to an infrared divergency. We demonstrate how to renormalize this Green's function in order to assure numerical convergence. At non-zero temperature the quasi-particle peaks are found to shift down in energy and to be broadened.Comment: 7 pages, RevTex, 5 Postscript figure

Caracterização de bactérias e fungos envolvidos na degradação de sulfentrazona em solos.

Uma vez que microrganismos presentes nos solos são capazes de degradar e mineralizar agrotóxicos, é possível fazer a biorremediação de sítios contaminados, empregando-se microrganismos previamente selecionados. Logo, o isolamento, a caracterização e a identificação de microrganismos, com capacidade para metabolizar compostos potencialmente tóxicos, é de suma importância para a biorremediação. Não há registros na literatura sobre a identificação de microrganismos que degradem a sulfentrazona. Esse herbicida destaca-se como um dos mais utilizados nas principais culturas do Brasil. Assim, é necessário determinar quais os microrganismos que podem estar envolvidos em sua dissipação. Para isso solos sem histórico da aplicação do herbicida foram suplementados com sulfentrazona como única fonte de carbono e energia. Após 255 dias de incubação foram retiradas amostras para o isolamento e identificação dos microrganismos resistentes e ou degradadores do herbicida. Após a diluição em série, alíquotas foram plaqueadas em meio de cultura mínimo suplementado com o herbicida. As colônias que cresceram foram isoladas e selecionadas em meio de cultura mínimo líquido suplementado com concentrações crescentes de sulfentrazona. Após três repicagens os microrganismos foram plaqueados e purificados em meio mínimo sólido. As bactérias e actinomicetos foram identificados pelo perfil de ácidos graxos da membrana celular. Os fungos foram isolados e identificados com o auxílio de microscopia eletrônica de varredura e o uso de manual de identificação. As bactérias degradadoras de sulfentrazona foram identificadas como Nocardia brasiliensis, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Rhizobium radiobacter, Ralstonia pickettii e Methylobacterium radiotolerans. Os fungos isolados e identificados como degradadores deste herbicida pertencem aos gêneros Cladosporium sp., Eupenicillium sp., Paecilomyces sp., Penicillium sp., Chrysosporium sp. e Metarrhizium sp