Reference Values of Oxidative Stress Parameters in Adult Iranian Fat-Tailed Sheep

The present study was performed on 111 adult clinically healthy Iranian fat-tailed sheep from both sexes (28 male and 83 female). Blood concentrations of oxidative stress parameters viz. malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) were determined. The reference values for oxidative stress parameters of adult clinically healthy Iranian fat-tailed sheep were as followed: MDA 0.53-0.60 mmol/l, SOD 948.65-1011.50 U/gHb, CAT 1834.29-1915.63 U/gHb and GPX 191.67-196.52 U/gHb. There were no significant differences in oxidative stress parameters among animal of the two sexes

Intermittent Photoperiod Schedule does not Influence Brain and Serum Melatonin and Selected Serum Antioxidant Enzymes Activity in Broiler Chickens

This study evaluated the effect of the intermittent light program on serum and brain melatonin concentrations, antioxidant enzyme activities, and homocysteine concentration in broiler chickens. A total of 60 one-day-old broiler chickens (Cobb 500) were distributed in three light-proof controlled rooms (20 chicks per room). All birds were reared in continuous light until 3 days of age. Then, chicks were treated as follows: 1) intermittent lighting program (1L: 3D cycles), 2) continuous lighting program (24L), and 3) nonintermittent restricted lighting program (8L: 16D). At day 42 of age, sera and brains were collected from all chicks of each group (at the end of the dark phase for groups 1 and 3). Serum and brain melatonin concentrations were not affected by the different photoperiod schedules. Serum glutathione reductase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase activity as well as homocysteine concentration were also similar between different treatment groups. In conclusion, intermittent lighting program during the rearing period does not affect serum and brain melatonin levels as well as antioxidant status at the end of the dark phase in broilers

Review of Ten Years of Albanian Competition Law Developments

Albania was one of the last countries in Europe to adopt a free market economy after suffering from one of the worst dictatorial communist regimes in the world. In order to succeed in its efforts to establish a free market economy, Albania needed to undertake a set of reforms to modernize its economy in order to cope with the new reality of global markets and Euro-Atlantic integration. An important aspect of these reforms is also the implementation of a competition law in line with the acquis an its effective implementation. A lot has been achieved in the last ten years but there is a lot to be done still in order to facilitate a competitive economy able to cope with Albania’s EU integration. The work of the ACA is only one aspect of this process, but it is of utmost importance for the development of the national economy and successful EU membership

Hematologic status in DMBA-induced mammary gland carcinoma in Sprague dawley rats

Abstract: In this study, 14 female Sprague-dawley rats 55 days old were randomly divided into two control and experimental groups. 2ml of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a] anthracene (DMBA) solution (20mg of DMBA dissolved in 2ml of corn oil) and 2ml corn oil was eaten to each animal of test and control group respectively. Tumor development was examined by milk line palpation once every week. During 3-5 months following the DMBA, mammary gland tumor was appeared in all test animals. Then complete hematologic tests were done on the tail blood sample of each animal. Six inguinal and one chest mammary gland tumors were observed in experimental group. The DMBA-induced animals showed macrocytic and hypochromic regenerative anemia. There were significant differences between two groups in WBC, RBC and platelet numbers, Hb, PCV, and the percentage of neutrophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils, monocytes, basophils and band neutrophils. The platelet count, in DMBA-induced rats was reduced significantly (P<0.05). In DMBA-induced rats neutrophilia, Lymphopenia, monocytosis, eosinopenia and basopenia were seen. Morphological abnormalities were observed in neutrophils and erythrocytes of he DMBA-induced animals and giant platelates were observed. Keywords: Hematologic parameters, Mammary gland carcinoma, DMBA, Ra